ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) among pregnant women in Wuhan, and to explore the application value of oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) results in the screening, diagnosis and treatment of GDM. Methods A retrospective analysis was carried out on the OGTT results of 26 558 pregnant women from Hubei Maternal and Child Health Hospital from January 2018 to December 2018. Results (1) A total of 1 754 cases were diagnosed with GDM, with a positive rate of 6.60%. Among them of 776 had fasting blood glucose ≥5.1mmol/L, 880 had 1-hour blood glucose ≥10.0mmol/L, and 798 had 2-hour blood glucose ≥8.5mmol/L. (2) The positive rates of fasting blood glucose, 1-hour blood glucose, and 2-hour blood glucose in the ≥35-year-old age group were all over two times higher than those in the <35-year-old age group (all P<0.01). (3) The ratio of people with single-point positive, two-point positive and three-point positive was 7:2:1. (4) FBG, 1-hour blood glucose and 2-hour blood glucose concentrations were all positively correlated with each other (all P＜0.01). Among these, the positive correlation between 1-hour blood glucose and 2-hour blood glucose was the most significant (r=0.618, P＜0.01). Conclusions The incidence rate of GDM among pregnant women in Wuhan reached 6.60%, and the prevalence in pregnant women over 35 years old was significantly higher. Blood glucose level during pregnancy should be monitored for early detection and intervention to prevent the development of GDM. The relationship between blood glucose concentrations at different time points in the OGTT test had reference value for clinical diagnosis and treatment.