ABSTRACT
Primary salivary gland ‑ type tumors of the lung and airways being unusual, they pose a diagnostic challenge on small biopsies and are usually consigned as non‑small cell lung carcinomas. Since the clinical behavior of these tumors is different from the conventional lung tumors, it is important to accurately diagnose them. Among this category of tumors, adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) of the lungs and airways is exceedingly rare. Few large studies and maximum case reports have been reported in literature on ACC of the lungs and trachea so far. We herein report a rare case of primary ACC of the trachea diagnosed on bronchoscopic biopsy.
ABSTRACT
Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) is usually asymptomatic, but can be associated with complications such as infective endocarditis, mitral regurgitation, thromboembolism and sudden cardiac death. It has been very rarely reported to occur in association with other valvular involvement. A 55-year-old male patient was brought dead and at autopsy the mitral valve orifi ce was stenotic and the leafl ets were enlarged, myxoid and bulging suggestive of MVP and chordae tendinae were thickened, stretched and elongated. Similar changes were seen in the tricuspid valve. The pulmonary and aortic valves also showed myxomatous degeneration of their cusps. Myxomatous degeneration is the most common cause of MVP and it can be associated with involvement of the other valves. Concomitant involvement of the aortic valve has been reported, however it is very rare and simultaneous involvement of the pulmonary valve has not been reported in the literature so far. We report a case of MVP associated with myxomatous degeneration of the tricuspid, pulmonary and aortic valves.
ABSTRACT
Extragonadal germ cell tumors are rare and comprise 2-5% of all germ cell tumors. Seminoma/dysgerminoma, teratoma, yolk sac tumor (YST) and mixed germ cell tumors are few of the extragonadal germ cell tumors arising within the brain. Of these, primary pure YSTs arising in the brain are extremely rare and arise in the pineal (62%) and suprasellar (31%) regions. Primary YST occurring in the cerebellum is exceedingly rare, associated with a very poor prognosis and has been reported in less than 10 cases in literature. We herein report a case of primary pure yolk sac tumor in the cerebellar vermis in a 2-year-old child.
ABSTRACT
Rupture of the myocardium due to myocardial infarction is often fatal but when such patients survive, they present with a pseudoaneurysm where the defect is sealed by the pericardium preventing the complete rupture. This is described as a ‘contained myocardial rupture’. We describe here a case of left ventricular contained myocardial rupture following an acute myocardial infarction.