An optimized method for embedding undecalcified mouse tibias in plastic blocks / 南方医科大学学报

OBJECTIVE@#To optimize the method for embedding multiple undecalcified mouse tibias in plastic blocks, improve the efficiency and stability of plastic embedding and reduce the detachment rate of plastic slides.@*METHODS@#Thirty undecalcified tibias from 15 B6 mice were used for plastic embedding after calcein labeling, fixation, dehydration and infiltration. The tibias were embedded in cylindrical plastic blocks with a diameter of 4 mm. For each bone, the 1/4 proximal tibia was cut off, and the remaining 3/4 was used for re-embedding. Five bones were embedded in a single block with each bone standing closely on the surface of a flat plate. The samples were randomized into control and experimental groups in all the processes of embedding, sectioning and staining. In the 3 groups with modified embedment, flowing CO was added into the embedding solution, embedding solution was applied to the section surface, and the slides were heated at 95 ℃ for 15 min. The polymerization time, slide detachment rate, bone formation and osteoblast parameters were analyzed.@*RESULTS@#We prepared 6 plastic blocks, each containing 5 tibias, whose cross sections were on the same plane. The blocks were completely polymerized and suitable for sectioning. Flowing CO into the embedding solution reduced the polymerization time and increased the rate of complete polymerization. Application of the embedding solution on the section surface significantly reduced the detachment rate of the sections ( < 0.05) without affecting bone formation analysis ( > 0.05). Heating the slides significantly lowered the detachment rate of the sections ( < 0.05) without affecting osteoblast analysis ( > 0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#The optimized method allows effective embedding of multiple undecalcified mice tibias in the same block and can be an ideal method for histological analysis of undecalcified bones.

Correlation between spinal sagittal balance and quality of life after treatment of percutaneous kyphoplasty in osteoporotic vertebral compressive fracture / 实用医学杂志

Objective To explore the correlation between spinal sagittal balance and quality of life after the treatment of percutaneous kyphoplasty in osteoporotic vertebral compressive fractures. Methods We retrospec-tively enrolled and screened 85 patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures(OVCF),treated by per-cutaneous kyphoplasty(PKP)in spinal surgery department of Shanghai East Hospital from January 2012 to Decem-ber 2016. The full length of the spine X-ray examinations had been taken preoperatively,pre-discharge and during the follow-up and spine-pelvis sagittal parameters included C7 sagittal vertical axis(C7SVA),thoracic kyphosis (TK),lumber lordosis(LL),pelvic incidence(PT)and sacral slope(SS). Shot Form 36 Health Survey Question-naire(SF-36)was used for the scoring. Results In the last follow-up,C7SVA decreased from(35.9 ± 17.1)mm to(30.8 ± 12.8)mm(P=0.002)and SF-36 scores varied significantly(P<0.01). Before the surgery,follow-up 3 days,6 months and 12 months after the surgery,C7SVA was negatively correlated with the general health status in each period of SF-36(r=-0.343,-0.264,-0.272,-0.258;P=0.001,0.015,0.012,0.017). Conclusions PKP has a significant effect on OVCFs and changes the spine-pelvic sagittal balance in patients with OVCF. Spinal-pel-vic sagittal balance is closely related to the quality of life of these patients.

Preliminary clinical effects of total knee arthroplasty with iASSIST navigation system / 中华骨科杂志

Objective To explore the application value of iASSIST portable navigation in total knee arthroplasty.Methods Seventy-four patients with knee osteoarthritis from April 2016 to April 2017 were retrospectively recruited.Thirty-seven patients (37 knees) underwent TKA with iASSIST navigation,while 37 patients (37 knees) underwent conventional TKA.Five parameters were measured on the weight-bearing radiographs at six months after TKA,including mechanical axis (MA),mechanical lateral distal femoral angle (mLDFA),mechanical medial proximal tibial angle (mMPTA),sagittal femoral component angle (sFCA) and sagittal tibial component angle (sTCA).Duration of operation,blood loss volume,postoperative hospital day,Western Ontario and McMaster Universities (WOMAC) osteoarthritis index,Knee Society Score (KSS) clinical score and functional score at 6 weeks,12 weeks and 24 weeks after surgery were also recorded.Results The accuracy of MA (180.85°±0.88° versus 182.23°±1.09° in the conventional group,P＜0.05),mLDFA (90.52° ±0.78° versus 91.09° ±0.96° in the conventional group,P＜0.05),and mMPTA (90.34°± 1.25° versus 91.13°± 1.46° in the conventional group,P＜0.05) was improved significantly in navigation group.The WOMAC osteoarthritis index at 6 weeks postoperatively in the navigation group and in the conventional group were 58.54±1.45 and 56.54± 1.77 respectively.The KSS clinical score in the navigation group and in the conventional group were 53.14± 1.13 and 49.35± 1.11 respectively.The KSS functional score in two groups were 61.24± 1.30 and 59.81 ± 1.29 respectively (P＜0.05).The WOMAC osteoarthritis index at 12 weeks postoperatively in the navigation group and in the conventional group were 43.54± 1.19 and 41.92± 1.42 respectively.At 12 weeks,the KSS clinical score in two groups were 67.11 ± 1.51 and 62.08± 1.46 respectively.The KSS functional score in two groups were 68.14±1.11 and 66.38±1.26 respectively (P＜0.05).The blood loss volume in the navigation group and in the conventional group were 113.11±57.29 ml and 147.57±68.77 ml respectively (P＜0.05).There were no significant difference in the duration of operation,postoperative hospital day,WOMAC osteoarthritis index,knee clinical score and functional score at 24 weeks postoperatively between two groups (P＞0.05).Conclusion More accurate restoration in mechanical axis and optimal implantation can be achieved with the help of iASSIST navigation.This navigation system can also achieve better knee function in the early stage after TKA.

Relationship between alterations of cervical sagittal parameters and clinical outcomes after cervical anterior discectomy and fusion / 中华骨科杂志

Objective To explore the relationships between the alterations of cervical sagittal parameters and clinical outcomes after anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF).Methods From January 2010 to December 2015,a total of 227 patients with cervical spondylosis who undelwent ACDF in Dongfang Hospital affiliated Tongji University were analyzed in this study.There were 109 male and 118 female,with an average age of 52.2± 10.7 years (ranged from 34 to 78 years).The average duration of follow-up after revision surgery was (21.1 ±9.0) months (12-60 months).Comparing with Japanese 0rthopaedic Association (JOA) score and its improvement rate (IR),visual analogue scale (VAS) scores and neck disability index (NDI) between preoperation and 1 year follow-up.Cervical alignment was assessed with the following 3 parameters:T1 slope (T1S),Cobb's angle of C2 to C7 and C2-7 sagittal vertical axis (SVA).And compared the changes of sagittal parameters and clinical efficacy.Results At 1 year follow-up,T1S was increased from 25.4°±8.5° to 27.9°±8.2°,Cobb's angle was increased from 12.7°±8.5° to 15.3°±9.5°,SVA was increased from (21.0± 12.3) mm to (24.30± 11.4) mm,and the differences were statistical significant (P＜ 0.001).JOA score was increased from (8.5±4.0) points to (13.0±2.4) points at 1 year follow-up,however,VAS score was decreased from 2.7± 1.8 points to 0.2±0.4 points,and NDI was decreased from 48.2％±8.2％ to 27.1％± 11.1％,and the differences were statistical significant (P ＜ 0.001).Preoperatively,T1S had positive correlations with both Cobb's angle and SVA before operation (r=0.311,0.213;P=0.000,0.001),but Cobb's angle had negative correlation with SVA (r=-0.246,P=0.000).At 1 year follow-up,T1S had positive correlations with Cobb's angle and SVA (r=0.390,0.392;P=0.000,0.000),and Cobb's angle had negative correlation with SVA (r=-0.131,P=0.048).At 1 year after operation,the change value of Cobb's angle had positive correlation with the change of JOA (r=0.294,P=0.000),but negative correlation with the change of NDI (r=-0.141,P=0.034).Conclusion ACDF is effective in the treatment of cervical spondylosis which the cervical sagittal alignment remains relatively stable,and there were significant correlation between the alteration of cervical sagittal parameters and clinical outcomes after ACDF.

Prophylactic surgery is invalid intreatment of spinal injury without fracture and dislocationcomplicated by cervical spinal canal stenosis / 实用医学杂志

Objective In this study,we aim to evaluate the risk and incidence of traumatic cervical spinal cord injury (CSCI) in patients with traumatic cervical spinal canal stenosis (CSCS) without major fracture or dislocation,and evaluate the feasibility of preventive decompression surgery. Methods This study included eighty?seven patients with traumatic CSCI without major fracture or dislocation treated in our department between 2005 and 2012. Mann?Whitney U test was used for statistical analyses. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to calculate the relative and absolute risks for the incidence of traumatic CSCI without major fracture or dislocation related with CSCS. Results The relative risk for the incidence of traumatic CSCI with CSCS was 145.7 times higher than that for the incidence without CSCS. However ,only 0.000026% of patients with CSCS may be able to avoid developing traumatic CSCI if they underwent decompression surgery before trauma. Conclusions Prophylactic surgical management for CSCS might not significantly affect the incidence of traumatic CSCI.

Effect of bisphenol A on differentiation potential of mouse embryonic stem cells / 中国药理学与毒理学杂志

OBJECTIVE To explore the effect of bisphenol A (BPA) on the differentiation potential of embryonic stem cells, and provide an experimental basis for evaluation of safety of BPA. METHODS Mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) and embryonic stem cells (ESCs) were treated with BPA 0.1, 1, 10, 100 and 1000 μmol.L-1 for 8 d respectively. The viability of MEFs and ESCs was measured by CCK-8 and lC50 was calculated. The mRNA expression of α-myosin heavy chain in ESCs was tested by RT-PCR to determine lD50 . The embryonic body cultured by suspension method was treated with BPA 0.001, 0.01, 0.1 and 1 μmol.L-1 for 10 d respectively. The changes of marked genes in each blastoderm were detected by RT-PCR. RESULTS lC50 of BPA to mouse ESCs was 5.22×10-4 mol.L-1 , and to MEFs was 6. 25 × 10-4 mol.L-1 . lD50 of BPA to mouse ESCs differentiating to cardiomyocytes was 7.0×10-7 mol.L-1 . BPA 0.001 and 0.01 μmol.L-1 upregulated the expression of the marked genes of mesoderm, fetal liver kinase-1 and globin transcription factor 1. CONCLUSION BPA is a strong embry-otoxic compound. BPA of low concentration can promote the differentiation of mouse ESCs to mesoderm.

Effect of poly-ADP-ribosylation on the alteration of DNA methylation level of human bronchial epithelial cells induced by Cr (VI) / 中华预防医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To reveal the role of poly-ADP-ribosylation and DNA methylation in carcinogenic process induced induced by Cr (VI), and to discuss the relations between them.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The pre-established Poly (ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase (PARG) deficient cells and 16HBE cells were treated with different concentrations of Cr (VI), and the changes of total genomic DNA methylation level in different groups were detected by methylation immunofluorescent detection, as well as the changes of the activity of methyltransferases. Moreover, RT-PCR and western blotting method were applied to analyze the changes of expression of DNMT1, DNMT3a, DNMT3b and MBD2, upon the protein level.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After treated by Cr(VI) for 24 h, the healthy 16HBE cells showed a significant lower level of genomic DNA methylation; however, there was no significant changes (P > 0.05) found in PARG deficient cells by immunofluorescence assay. When the dose of Cr (VI) reached 5.0 µmol/L, the activity of methyltransferases in 16HBE cells and PARG deficient cells (49.33 ± 2.65, 80.05 ± 2.05) decreased by 20% and 50% comparing with contrast group (99.27 ± 1.10, 99.30 ± 0.60) . After treated by Cr (VI) for 24 h, the expression of mRNA and protein level among DNMT1, DNMT3a, DNMT3b and MBD2 decreased significantly in healthy 16HBE cells; and the expression of DNMT1 and DNMT3a decreased in PARG deficiency cells. The relevant expression levels of mRNA of DNMT1 were separately (0.99 ± 0.09), (0.79 ± 0.10), (0.59 ± 0.13) and (0.39 ± 0.02) (F = 247.17, P < 0.01), the expression levels of protein were separately (1.00 ± 0.03), (0.69 ± 0.15), (0.65 ± 0.10) and (0.55 ± 0.13) (F = 214.12, P < 0.01), the expression levels of DNMT3a mRNA were separately (1.00 ± 0.04) , (0.93 ± 0.11) , (0.79 ± 0.07) , (0.59 ± 0.05) (F = 498.16, P < 0.01) , and the expression levels of protein were separately (1.00 ± 0.14) , (0.97 ± 0.11) , (0.79 ± 0.17) , (0.57 ± 0.15) (F = 390.11, P < 0.01) when the dose of Cr (VI) at 0, 0.3, 1.2 and 5.0 µmol/L. However, there were no significant changes of expression found in DNMT3b and MBD2.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Poly-ADP-ribosylation could regulate the activity of DNMT3b and MBD2, protect cells against the DNA methylation alteration induced by Cr(VI) and maintain the global genomic DNA methylation level.</p>

Effects of trichloroethylene toxicity on normal human liver cells and hepatocytes with CYP2E1 gene overexpression / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of trichloroethylene (TCE) toxicity on the normal human liver cells (L02 cells) and hepatocytes with CYP2E1 gene overexpression which was constructed through molecular cloning technology in our laboratory, then to explore the roles of CYP2E1 gene in TCE toxicity.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>L02 cells and hepatocytes with CYP2E1 overexpression were treated with various doses of TCE (0,0.25, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0 mmol/L) for 12h, the expression of apoptosis genes (Bcl-2, Caspase-3, Caspase-8, Caspase-9) and oncogenes (c-fos, c-myc, k-ras, p53) were determined by real-time fluorescent PCR.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Bcl-2 mRNA expression levels increased significantly in normal liver cells and CYP2E1-overexpressing cells after TCE treatment, Bcl-2 levels were 20%∼50%higher in CYP2E1-overexpressing cells than in L02 liver cells at doses of 0.25∼2.0 mmol/L TCE. Caspase-3, Caspase-8 and caspase-9 mRNA expression increased by 30%∼600% in CYP2E1-overexpressing cells at doses of 0.5∼4.0 mmol/L TCE when compared with L02 cells (P < 0.01). Additionally, c-fos, k-ras and c-myc mRNA expression levels were 25%∼120% higher in CYP2E1-overexpressing cells than in L02 cells (P < 0.01), p53 mRNA expression levels were lower 10%∼50% in CYP2E1-overexpressing cells than in L02 cells (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>There were significant differences for apoptosis gene and oncogene expression levels between normal liver cells and CYP2E1-overexpressing cells after they were treated with TCE, these findings indicated that CYP2E1 might play an important role in TCE metabolism in vivo.</p>

Relationship between lumbar spinal stenosis and inflammatory factors in the vein serum of lumbar spinal canal / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:Numerous studies have shown that local lumbar stenosis can cause immunological abnormalities and local chronic inflammation, which is the main cause of pain. At present, studies on inflammatory factors and lumbar spinal stenosis mainly focused on intervertebral discs, facet joint and ligamenta flava. No reports addressed the relationship between inflammatory factor in vein of lumbar spinal canal and lumbar spinal stenosis. OBJECTIVE:To analyze the correlation of serum interleukin-1αand tumor necrosis factor-αlevels with lumbar spinal stenosis. METHODS:A total of 51 patients with lumbar spinal stenosis or lumbar vertebral burst fracture, who underwent posterior lumbar decompression in the Department of Spine Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University in China from September 2011 to December 2013, were enrol ed in this study. Visual analogue scale score of low back pain and Oswestry disability index were evaluated before treatment. Peripheral vein blood and venous blood in the vertebral canal were col ected from patients with lumbar spinal stenosis or lumbar vertebral burst fracture. The concentrations of serum interleukin-1αand tumor necrosis factor-αwere determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The concentration of interleukin-1αin degenerative lumbar stenosis group was significantly higher than that in the lumbar burst fracture group and peripheral veins (P<0.05). The more segments of lumbar spinal stenosis, the higher the venous serum interleukin-1αlevels were in the degenerative lumbar stenosis group, but the statistical difference was not significant. Linear correlation analysis results displayed that interleukin-1αlevels were positively associated with low back pain and disability scores in the degenerative lumbar stenosis group (r2=0.359 3, P<0.05;r2=0.526 4, P<0.05). These results indicated that the lumbar spinal venous inflammatory factors may be one of the reasons of low back pain and dysfunction in patients with degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis.

Treatment of cervical whiplash injuries: a report of 88 cases / 中华创伤杂志

Objective To compare the efficacy of operation and non-operatlon in treatment of cervical whiplash injuries. Methods A retrospective sturly was carried out in 88 cases of cervical whiplash injuries, of whom 24 cases were treated with non-operation and 64 with operation. There were 44 cases treated via anterior approach and 20 via posterior approach. NNeural function was evaluated by using Frankh classifications and ASIA (American Spinal Injury Association) grades. Results All cases were followed up for 6-24 months, which showed that neural function was improved significantly in both operation and non-operation groups. However, the neural function was better improved in the operation group compared with the non-operation, with statistical difference. The anterior approach group had significantly better outcome in neural function than the posterior approach group (P<0.05). Conclusion Operation is a better method and anterior approach should be the choice of treatment for treatment of cervical whiplash injuries.

An initial investigation on the in vitro culture system of primordial germ cells in golden hamsters / 生物医学工程学杂志

To establish the in vitro culture system of primordial germ cells (PGCs) of golden hamsters, PGCs of hamster were isolated from genital ridge of embryos at 10. 5th dpc (day post coitum), obtained by enzyme-mechanical method, and cultured on feeder cells. Then the PGCs were identified by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity staining. In order to induce the PGCs to differentiate in vitro, we removed the differential inhibition factors in the conditioned medium and observed the formation of embryoids and differentiated cells from three layers. The result showed that the pluripotent primordial germ cells could be successfully obtained from the golden hamsters at 10. 5th dpc by the enzyme-mechanical method and that PGCs were identified by both their strong positive reaction in ALP activity staining test and their differentiation into three-layer derived cells in vitro. The result suggests that the establishment of in vitro PGCs culture system of golden hamsters will provide new cell source for biomedical engineering.

Genotoxicity comparison between gasoline- and methanol-fueled exhaust by TK gene mutation assay / 生物医学工程学杂志

Methanol fuel is a most promising substitute for gasoline. It is scarcely reported about methanol-fueled exhaust on the health effect, neither about genotoxicity research between methanol- and gasoline-fueled exhaust. In the present study, the two kinds of exhaust were sampled directly from tailpipe at the same type bus, the same state, L5178Y thymidine kinase (TK) gene mutation assay was used to investigate their genotoxicity at the same dose range, and compared with micronucleus and comet assay. The results showed that the genotoxicity of gasoline-fueled exhaust is stronger than that of methanol-fueled exhaust, while the cytotoxicity of methanol-fueled exhaust is stronger than that of gasoline-fueled exhaust at dose range. The study demonstrated that L5178Y TK gene mutation assay is more sensitive than micronucleus and comet assay.

Gene expression profiles of toxicated fetal rat testis exposed to flutamide / 第三军医大学学报

Objective To study the toxic effect of flutamide (Flu) on testis with DNA chip. Methods Flu was injected subcutaneously at doses of 6.25 mg?kg-1 ?d-1 to 25 F0 rats from gestation day (GD) 12 to 17, and the 25 rats of control group received same doses of normal saline. All 50 pregnant SD rats were sacrificed on GD 20.The cDNA were extracted respectively from fetal testis, then reversely transcribed to cDNA and labeled with cy5 and cy3 fluorescence. Subsequently, cDNA probes were hybridized to the Mouse40S cDNA microarray and fluorescence signals were analyzed. Testosterone level was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results Compared with control,a total of 31 identified gene was found to be expressed differently, including 14 down-regulated and 17 up-regulated. Among them, 5 down-regulated and 10 up-regulated genes were unknown in Genbank. ELISA indicated that testosterone levels were decreased in Flu toxic group. Conclusion Flu treatment to F0 pregnant rats can damage apparently to the reproductive development of embryonic period male SD rats. The obtained differential genes may provide reference for the molecular mechanism of reproductive development.

Risk factors for malignant pleural mesothelioma in crocidolite contaminated area / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the risk factors for mesothelioma so as to provide epidemiological evidences for prevention of this disease and for further study of its pathogenesis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A 1:1 paired case-control study was carried out in which asbestos exposure, life style and histories of cancer in first-degree relatives of 23 patients who had mesothelioma were compared with those of controls.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The mean age of patients was 57.96 years with a latency period of 52 years. There were no significant differences in mean exposure age, mean exposure periods, and smoking, drinking habits between patients and controls. The mean cumulative exposure of patients was 37.2 x 10(5) f, which was significantly higher than that of controls (32.3 x 10(5) f, P = 0.005). The odds ratio increased with the cumulative exposure. The percentage of cancer in first-degree relative of patients (26.1%) was significantly higher than that of controls [(4.4%, P < 0.05), OR = 7.75 (95% CI: 0.85-71.43)].</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>There may be a dose-response relationship between mesothelioma and asbestos exposure. A family history of cancer may be a risk factor for mesothelioma, or may indicate an increased susceptibility to mesothelioma under the same level of asbestos exposure.</p>

The model of mouse lung tumor short-term induction test for assaying the carcinogencity induced by extracts of birch wood dust / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To assay the carcinogencity of water and organic extracts of birch wood dust.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>One stage and two stage model of mouse lung tumor by short-term induction test were used.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In the one stage experiment, no significant difference of the incidence of mice lung tumors was observed between different dosage groups of water extracts and organic extracts. In the two stage experiment, the tumor incidence and the average number of tumor per mouse in three dosage groups treated with the water extracts(1, 2, 4 g/kg) were 4.08% and 0.04, 8.33% and 0.15, 14.30% and 0.24 respectively with dose increment. There was a significant dose-response relationship between them(P < 0.05), and the tumor incidence and the average number of tumor per mouse in 4 g/kg group were significantly higher than those in the control group and 1 g/kg group and its one stage group(P < 0.05). The tumor incidence and the average number of tumor per mouse induced by organic extracts were higher with increasing dose, but no significant difference among groups was found (P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Both extracts of birch wood dust may be initiators, and carcinogenic effect of the water extract is stronger than that of the organic extract.</p>

Study on Mechanism of Reproduction Toxicity of to Estrogic Bisphenol-A Related to Environment / 环境与健康杂志

Objective　To explore the mechanism of male reproductive toxicity of bisphenol-A.Methods　The morphological characteristics of seminiferous tubule,vimentin filaments and p53 gene expression in sertoli's cells of adult SD rats orally exposed to 0.5% bisphenol-A were observed and analyzed by histo-chemical and immuno-histochemical methods.Results　After 2-week-exposure to 0.50% bisphenol-A,the disattachment between sertoli's cell and spermatogonia,spermatogonia arranged in disorder and displacement of spermatogonia away from the basement membrance of seminiferous tubules as well as the flocculated chromatins of nuclei in sertoli's cells and spermatogonia were observed.Fourfold increase of p53 expression in nuclei of spermatogonia and leydig's cells and the collaps of vimentin filaments in sertoli's cells were also found.Conclusion　The results suggested that the disattachment between sertoli's cells and spermatogonia,might be associated with the collaps of vimentin filaments in nuclei of sertoli's cells and the increase of p53 expres sion in nuclei of sertoli's cells and spermatogonia,which might be one of the important mechanisms of reproductive toxicity of bisphenol-A.The increase of p53 expression in nuclei of leydig's cells might predict the potential anti-androgenicity of bisphenol-A

Toxic Effect of Organic Extracts From Chlorinated Drinking Water on Sertoli Cells of Testis in Rats / 环境与健康杂志

Objective　To explore the potential hazards of organic pollutants in chlorinated drinking water on human reproduction.Methods　The reproductive toxicity of the organic pollutants extracted by solid phase extraction technique from chlorinated drinking water in a city,was determined by the co-culture of sertoli cells and spermatogenic cells.Results　No significant variation of the rate of detached spermatogenic cells was noticed compared with the control rats.The organic extracts stimulated the secretion of lactate from sertoli cells of testis in rats.Conclusion　The organic extracts of chlorinated drinking water revealed potential reproductive toxicity.

Effects of Hydrolysis and Polymerization of Aluminum Salt in Water Solution on Developmental Toxicity in Rats in Vitro / 环境与健康杂志

Objective　To explore the effects of chemical reaction of aluminum salt in water solution on developmental toxicity.Methods　Inhibiting actions on embryo growth and development,and organ morphogenetic differentiation in rats induced by newly prepared and 11.5-month stored aluminum sulfate solution were observed and compared using whole embryo culture method in rats.Results　Both of the two observed solutions showed a certain embryo toxicity and teratogenicity.The toxicity of stored solution decreased significantly compared with that of newly prepared solution.At the same concentration of aluminum,the total Brown's morphogenetic score reflecting the every index of embryo growth and development and organ morphogenetic differentiation,the incidence rates of terata and the number of dead embryos were significant lower in rats exposed to stored solution compared with those exposed to newly prepared solution,especially the morbidity of embryos.Conclusion　The complexation reaction between aluminum ions (Al3+) and water molecules in stored aluminum sulfate solution resulted in the changes of existing state of Al3+ and its decreasing developmental toxicity to rats.

Experimental Study on Developmental Toxicity of AlCl_3 to Rats' Embryo in Vitro / 环境与健康杂志

re To understand the developmental toxicity of aluminum and its mechanism. Methods The embryos of SD rats at the 9. 5th day after gestation were explanted and cultured in a whole-embryo culture system with exposure to AlCl3 at Al3+ concentrations of 0.6, 0.9, 1.2, 3.0, 6.0 and 9.0 ?g/ml for 48 hours. Using Brown's mor-phological scoring system, yolk sac diameter, crown-rump length, head length and embryonic dry weight were mea-sured. Results A certain dose-effect relationship (r= - 0.890? 0.973, P

The Distribution of Polymorphisms About Alcohol Metabolizing-related Genes in Female Child-bearing Ages / 环境与健康杂志

0.05). Conclusion The assumable reasons for the dominance of heterozygous ADH2 genotype were a relatively small size of samples or gene mutation etc,which needed further researches to be confirmed.The proportion of individuals carrying about "susceptible genotypes of alcohol_related diseases"in female child_bearing ages was more than one half (0.617),which called on the reinforce of the surveillance on and prevention of alcohol_related birth (ARBD).