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1.
Kasmera ; 48(2): e48231618, jul-dic. 2020.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1145317

ABSTRACT

Las plazas y parques son áreas de recreación, en especial para los niños; pero la presencia de huevos de Toxocara spp. y otros helmintos en dichos lugares puede representar un riesgo para contraer la toxocariasis y otras helmintiasis de origen zoonótico. Se realizó un estudio para determinar la presencia de huevos de Toxocara spp. y otros helmintos en plazas y parques de Puerto Ordaz, municipio Caroní, estado Bolívar, Venezuela. Cada plaza y parque seleccionado fue dividido en 4 cuadrantes y de cada uno se colectó una muestra de suelo la cual fue procesada mediante las técnicas de flotación de Willis-Malloy, Lutz y Araraki. En 8 (80%) plazas/parques se identificaron huevos o larvas de helmintos; hubo plazas/parques positivos en las tres parroquias de la ciudad. Del total de 40 muestras de tierra procesadas, 15 (37,5%) resultaron positivas para la presencia de larvas o huevos de helmintos, siendo la frecuencia de Toxocara spp. de 32,5% (13/40). Además de Toxocara spp., resaltó el hallazgo de Strongyloides spp. (5,0%), Ascaris spp. (2,5%) y Ancylostomideos (2,5%). En conclusión, se determinó una frecuencia de 80% de contaminación con huevos y larvas de helmintos en las plazas/parques evaluadas, destacando Toxocara spp. en el 32,5% de las muestras estudiadas


The squares and parks are recreation areas, especially for children; but the presence of eggs of Toxocara spp. and other helminths in these places can represent a risk of contracting toxocariasis and other helminthiasis of zoonotic origin. A study was carried out to determine the presence of Toxocara spp. eggs and other helminths in squares and parks from Puerto Ordaz, Caroní municipality, Bolívar state, Venezuela. Each square was divided into 4 quadrants and from each one a soil sample was collected which was processed using the techniques of Willis- Malloy, Lutz and Araraki. Of the 10 squares studied, 8 (80%) identified helminth eggs or larvae; there were positive places in the three parishes. Of the total of 40 processed soil samples, 15 (37.5%) were positive for the presence of larvae or helminth eggs, being the frequency of Toxocara spp., of 32.5% (13/40). In addition to the presence of Toxocara spp. (32.5%), highlighted the finding of Strongyloides spp. (5.0%), Ascaris spp. (2.5%) and Ancylostomideos (2.5%). In conclusion, an 80% frequency of contamination with eggs and larvae helminth was determined in the squares/parks evaluated, highlighting Toxocara spp. in 32.5% of the samples studied

2.
Kasmera ; 48(2): e48231681, jul-dic. 2020.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1145318

ABSTRACT

El objetivo de la presente investigación fue determinar la prevalencia de parásitos intestinales en niños preescolares usuarios de 12 Centros de Educación Inicial Simoncito (CEIS) del municipio Angostura del Orinoco, estado Bolívar, Venezuela. Se estudiaron las heces de 515 niños de ambos géneros (2 a 5 años), mediante la técnica de sedimentación espontánea. La prevalencia de enteroparásitos fue de 39,4% (n=203). No hubo diferencias estadísticamente significativas (χ2 = 1,59 g.l.: 2 p> 0,05) respecto a la edad, pero si según el género (p<0,05), resultando los niños varones más afectados con 46,9%. Se identificaron 11 taxones de enteroparásitos, destacando el cromista Blastocystis spp. con 27,4% (n=141) y el protozoario Giardia intestinalis con 13,2% (n=68). Se encontró una baja prevalencia de helmintos, donde Ascaris lumbricoides fue el más común con 1,6% (n=8). De los 203 niños parasitados, el 70,9% (n=144) estaba monoparasitado y 29,1% (n=59) poliparasitado. Los principales parásitos asociados fueron Blastocystis spp. (89,8%), G. intestinalis (44,1%) y Endolimax nana (35,3%). En conclusión, se determinó una elevada prevalencia de parásitos intestinales en la población estudiada, por lo que estas infecciones continúan siendo un problema de salud pública en niños de Ciudad Bolívar, Venezuela


The objective of the present investigation was to determine the prevalence of intestinal parasites in preschool children users of 12 Simoncito Initial Education Centers (CEIS) of the Angostura del Orinoco municipality, Bolívar state, Venezuela. The feces of 515 children of both genders (2 to 5 years old) were studied using the spontaneous sedimentation technique. The prevalence of enteroparasites was 39.4% (n = 203). There were no statistically significant differences (χ2 = 1.59 d.f .: 2 p> 0.05) with respect to age but if according to gender (p <0.05), because the most affected were male child with 46.9%. Eleven taxa of enteroparasites were identified, highlighting the chromist Blastocystis spp. (27.4%) and the protozoan Giardia intestinalis (13.2%). A low prevalence of helminths was found, where Ascaris lumbricoides was the most common with 1.6%. Of the 203 parasitized children, 70.9% (n = 144) were monoparasitized and 29.1% (n = 59) polyparasitized. The main associated parasites were Blastocystis spp. (89.8%), G. intestinalis (44.1%) and Endolimax nana (35.3%). In conclusion, a high prevalence of intestinal parasites was determined in the population studied, so these infections continue to be a public health problem in children from Ciudad Bolívar, Venezuela

3.
Rev. Soc. Venez. Microbiol ; 30(1): 61-64, jun. 2010. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-631701

ABSTRACT

Many epidemiological aspects of intestinal coccidiosis in Bolivar State are not known. There are no studies done in apparently health children. The purpose of this study was to determine intestinal coccidian prevalence in preschool children attending the S.E.U. Teresa de la Parra preschool located in San Felix, Bolivar State, Venezuela. The universe included 109 children, and 73 were included in the study. A spontaneous evacuation fecal sample was collected from each child, preserved in 10% formaldehyde, and analyzed by a formaldehyde-ether technique, and Kinyoun stain. Sixty seven percent of the universe was evaluated (73/109). Eighty seven point seven percent of the children were infected by some parasite and/or commensal. Ten enteroparasite species were diagnosed, and Blastocystis hominis (37%) and Giardia lamblia (27.4%) were the most frequent of the protozoa. Among the helminthes, the most common were Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura with 35.6% each. Prevalence of intestinal coccidian was 10.9% and Cryptosporidium spp. was the only one diagnosed in eight cases (10.9%). The infection did not show any age predilection, but there was a gender bias, since 87.5% of those infected were females. Only three of the cases (37.5%) with Cryptosporidum spp. had diarrhea. In conclusion, a relative high rate of intestinal coccidiosis in the preschool children evaluated was determined.


En el estado Bolívar se desconocen muchos aspectos epidemiológicos de las coccidiosis intestinales. En niños aparentemente sanos no se tiene ningún estudio. El objetivo del trabajo fue determinar la prevalencia de coccidios intestinales en niños matriculados en el pre-escolar U.E.E. Teresa de la Parra de San Félix, estado Bolívar. El universo fue de 109 niños y la muestra estudiada de 73. Se obtuvo una muestra fecal por evacuación espontánea de cada pre-escolar, la cual fue preservada en formol al 10% y analizada mediante la técnica formol-éter y coloración de Kinyoun. Se evaluó el 67% del universo (73/109). El 87,7% de los niños estaba infectado por algún parásito y/o comensal. Se diagnosticaron un total de 10 especies de enteroparásitos, siendo Blastocystis hominis con 37% y Giardia lamblia con 27,4% los más frecuentes, dentro de los protozoarios. Entre los helmintos los más comunes fueron Ascaris lumbricoides y Trichuris trichiura con 35,6% cada uno. La prevalencia de coccidios intestinales fue 10,9%, siendo Cryptosporidium sp. el único diagnosticado con 8 casos (10,9%). La infección no tuvo predilección por la edad pero si con relación al género, siendo el femenino el más afectado (87,5%). Sólo en tres de los casos (37,5%) con Cryptosporidium sp. se presentó diarrea. En conclusión, se determinó una prevalencia relativamente elevada de coccidiosis intestinal en los preescolares evaluados.

4.
Bol. chil. parasitol ; 54(1/2): 7-12, ene.-jun. 1999. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-253236

ABSTRACT

Balantidium coli is the etiologic agent of balantidiasis, an infrequent zoonose of worldwide distribution. The objective of the present study was to determine the clinical and epidemiological aspects of balantidiasis in a rural community in the bolivar state in Venezuela. Fifty persons and 12 pigs were evaluated. Fecal samples were analyzed by direct examination and by the methods of Faust and Willis. The global rate of intestinal parasitoses detected was 88.0 percent for the human population and 83.3 percent for the pigs. The prevalence of human and porcine balantidiais was 12.0 percent (6/50) and 33.3 percent (4/12), respectively. The disease was only detected in children, all of them with multiple parasites and with clinical manifestations. Deficient environmental sanitation, absence of basic services in the dwellings, low socioeconomic level, and the presence of pigs infected with B. coli are the factors that explain and maintain the conditions favorable to the transmission of balantidiasis in the population studied


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Balantidiasis/epidemiology , Balantidium/pathogenicity , Age Distribution , Balantidiasis/diagnosis , Balantidiasis/etiology , Balantidiasis/transmission , Balantidium/isolation & purification , Cross-Sectional Studies , Feces/parasitology , Rural Population , Swine/parasitology , Venezuela/epidemiology , Zoonoses/epidemiology
5.
Cad. saúde pública ; 14(2): 401-7, abr.-jun. 1998. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-214405

ABSTRACT

Para determinar la prevalencia y relevancia clínica de la blastocistosis en una muestra de niños en edad pre-escolar, fueron evaluados 169 alumnos del pre-escolar "Los Coquitos" de Ciudad Bolívar, Venezuela. Las muestras fecales fueron estudiadas mediante la técnica de examen directo y métodos de concentración de Faust y Willis. Se encontraron 72 niños parasitados, de ellos 32 (29,09 por ciento) con Blastocystis hominis. Se determinó una prevalencia de infección por este protozoario de 18,93 por ciento mais o menos 5,93 por ciento. No hubo predilección por el sexo y la edad de los pre-escolares parasitados X2 igual 1,84; g.l igual 3 p mayor que 0,05). Se diagnosticó mayormente como parásito único (53,13 por ciento); Giardia lamblia fue el parásito más frecuentemente identificado (39,13 por ciento) junto con B. hominis. En el 94,12 por ciento de los casos, se observó en un número mayor de 5 células por campo. El 70,58 por ciento de los pre-escolares tenía manifestaciones clínicas, sin embargo, la cantidad de Blastocystis presente no fue determinante en su aparición, pero si en la severidad de ellas. Luego del tratamiento, hubo respuesta clínica y parasitológica favorable en el 80 por ciento y 90 por ciento de los casos, respectivamente. Se concluye que B. hominis es un patógeno de relativa alta frecuencia en el grupo de niños estudiados.


Subject(s)
Blastocystis hominis , Child, Preschool , Giardia lamblia
6.
Bol. chil. parasitol ; 53(1-2): 14-8, ene.-jun. 1998. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-233092

ABSTRACT

Enterobius vermicularis is a nematode with a peculiar biological cycle, thus requiring a special diagnostic technique. In order to determine the prevalence of E. vermicularis infection among schoolchildren in Ciudad Bolívar, Venezuela, 282 children aged 5 - 14 years old were evaluated between november 1995 and august 1996 by the Graham technique (three perianal swabs with adhesive cellulose tape). The prevalence of enterobiasis in the studied children was estimated 19,1 percent (54/282). There was no difference between sexes (p>0,05), but there was a difference between ages (x² = 13,8; 1.g.= 4), being the infection more frequent between 5 and 8 years. Symptoms were observed in 90,7 percent of the schoolchildren. Anal pruritus was the most common clinical finding (81,6 percent). Other less frequent manifestations were enuresis (28,6 percent) and vulvitis in girls (26,1 percent). This intestinal parasitosis occurs with high frequency among schoolchildren in Ciudad Bolívar with characteristic and identifiable symptoms in most cases. The Graham method must be used for its diagnosis. This test is not routinely performed in our laboratories unless specifically requested by the attending physician


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Adolescent , Enterobiasis/epidemiology , Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic/epidemiology , Enterobiasis/etiology , Enterobius/isolation & purification , Enterobius/pathogenicity , Enuresis/etiology , Prevalence , Pruritus Ani/etiology , Parasite Egg Count/methods , Sex Distribution , Signs and Symptoms , Venezuela/epidemiology
7.
Bol. chil. parasitol ; 52(3/4): 77-81, dic. 1997. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-210471

ABSTRACT

Blastocystis hominis is found in about 25 percent of feces in normal asymptomatic people. Its pathogenic role is still discussed. A prospective study was perfomed to determine the prevalence Gt B. hominis infection in schoolchildren from Bolivar City. We evaluated 446 children, between five and fourteen years old, both sexes, using direct exanúnation of feces and Willis' Method. They were also evaluated clinically. Results showed that B. hominis had a prevalence of 16.8 percent. We did not find a statistically significant association between sex (P > 0.05) or age and infection with B. hominis (x2 = 1.94 g.1.= 4). In 39 schoolchildren (52.0 percent) we identified other parasites along with B. hominis, the most frequent was Trichuris trichiura as helnúnth and Giardia lamblia as protozoan. We observed B. hominis alone in 36 cases (48.0 percent). There was a spectrum of clinical symptoms in 41 (54.7 percent) of all children evaluated. Diarrhea was the most frequently clinical manifestation observed. Other studies are necessary to determine clinical relevance of B. hominis in school population in Bolivar City


Subject(s)
Humans , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Blastocystis hominis/isolation & purification , Blastocystis Infections , Age Distribution , Blastocystis hominis/pathogenicity , Feces/parasitology , Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic , Parasite Egg Count , Prevalence , Venezuela
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