Prevalence of Left Ventricular Diastolic Dysfunction in Patients with Normal Systolic Function and its Relation with Other Risk Factors from Eastern India.

Impaired diastolic filling of left ventricle may be the important cause of symptoms ranging from mild to severe form of dyspnea with overt features of pulmonary edema which may be wrongly imparted to systolic failure. To study prevalence and severity of diastolic dysfunction and its relation with various risk factors. Methods: Patients from in and out patients department were subjected to detail history, estimation of BMI, blood sugar levels, BP measurement, echocardiographic assessment of cardiac function. Patients of isolated diastolic dysfunction were identified and the degree of diastolic dysfunction was correlated with functional class (NYHA grade) of the patients as well as various risk factors. Results: Out of 400 patients 16 (12.5%) asymptomatic patients had diastolic dysfunction (DD). Severity of diastolic dysfunction increased as the presenting NYHA grade was higher. In NYHA grades III and IV, 59% and 57% of the patients respectively had diastolic dysfunction .DD was significantly associated with diabetes (p<.0001), BMI (p =0.0002), dyslipidemia (p =0.0491), hypertension (p=0.0489). Conclusion: DD is a significant cardiac morbidity. Hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia and obesity have significant association with diastolic dysfunction. There is no randomized control trials for treatment for DD. Whether asymptomatic DD needs treatment is not known.

Changes in Microalbuminuria in Relation to Glycosylated Haemoglobin(HbAlc) and Duration in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Introduction : Diabetes Mellitus is a widely prevalent endocrine disease in the world and Nephropathy is one of the major complications that could lead to severe morbidity and mortality. Persistent microalbuminuria is the best predictor of development of macroalbuminuria and further development of end-stage renal disease as well as cardiovascular complications. The relation between microalbuminuria and glycosylated haemoglobin(HbA1c)as well as duration of diabetes are not clear and studies relating these parameters are few in our country. This study aims to understand this aspect. Aims & Objectives : Our objective is to observe the changes in microalbuminuria level in relation to various parameters of patients of type 2 Diabetes mellitus and to correlate the changes in microalbuminuria levels to HbA1c and duration of diabetes. Materials and Methods : The study was conducted in Medical College & Hospital, Kolkata. 40 patients of type 2 Diabetes mellitus fulfilling inclusion and exclusion criteria were included in this study. Results were analysed by SPSS software. Results : Microalbuminuria had positive correlation with BMI and Waist circumference (WC). No correlation was found between age and microalbuminuria.There was a significant and positive correlation found between microalbuminuria and duration of diabetes as well as microalbuminuria and HbA1c.

The silent burden of anemia in school age children: A community based study in West Bengal.

Background: Under nutrition and anemia are common co-morbidities in school age children. Due to transition in dietary habits in developing countries, a paradoxical finding of coexistence of anemia and normal/over nutrition is also a cause of concern. Objective:> T o assess the nutritional status and prevalence of anemia among school age children (6 - 16 years) residing in rural and urban areas of a district of West Bengal and also to find out the association between weight status, measured as Body Mass Index(BMI) and anemia. Materials and Methods: Age, height & weight were measured in 86 rural and 86 urban school age (6 -16 years) children in rural and urban field practice areas of Midnapore Medical College. Their blood was estimated for haemoglobin concentration. Results: Overall prevalence of anemia was 80.2%, and not significantly different between the rural (83.7%) and urban (76.7%) participants and across the genders both in rural (86.4% versus 80.9%) and urban (85.7% versus 72.4%) areas. Thinness was observed to be higher in urban area (48.8% versus 41.9%). However, severe thinness was higher in rural area (18.5% versus 13.9%). Significantly, higher proportion of boys revealed severely low BMI compared to girls in both rural (33.3% versus 4.5%) and urban (17.2% versus 7.1%) areas with no significant differences between the prevalence of anemia across the grades of underweight and normal nutritional status. Conclusions: Poor nutritional status and anemia are still, taking heavy toll and new program strategies are needed, particularly those that improve the overall nutrition status of children.