ABSTRACT
Background: The occurrence of groin hernias is so common that the overall lifetime risk of developing one is 15% in male and about 5% in female. The most significant advances to impact inguinal hernia repair have been the addition of prosthetic materials to conventional repair and the introduction of laparoscopy to general surgical procedures. Materials and Methods: A total of 100 consecutive consenting cases who presented with a primary diagnosis of uncomplicated inguinal hernia to the Department of General Surgery at Father Muller Medical College Hospital from the period December 2013 to January 2016. Following a detailed history and clinical diagnosis a provisional diagnosis was made and the investigations. The following details regarding the patient were collected age of the patient, symptoms, and their duration, treatment given, complications if any, duration of hospital stay, and duration of return to work. Results: In our study, the mean age was 47.43 years and the most common age group when hernia occurred was 35-54 years with 54% of the cases. 97% were males and 3% females. Swelling was the most common presenting. Most hernias 43% occurred on the right side, followed by 18% on the left and 39% had bilateral involvement. The duration of surgery in the totally extraperitoneal (TEP) group the mean duration was 47.60 min the transabdominal preperitoneal (TAPP) group the mean duration was 48.90 min. The only post-operative complication occurred in our study was urinary retention. Conclusion: There is statistically significant difference between the two groups, namely, TEP and TAPP with respect to the duration of surgery and resuming routine activity postoperatively. The only finding of significance is the post-operative complication was urinary retention; this is not a major one, and this contributed an increase in the post-operative hospital stay being increased in the TEP group than the TAPP group with a two-tailed P = 0.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Gastroesophageal reflux is the backward flow of gastric contents into the esophagus. Gastroesophageal reflux is a normal physiological process that occurs several times a day without symptoms or damage of the esophageal mucosa in most otherwise healthy individuals. Materials and Methods: This study was a cross-sectional prospective observational study, in which the patients are chosen by purposive sampling technique; the first consecutive 350 cases were taken to evaluate the patterns of demographic and lifestyle profile among patients aged between 30 and 60 years of age attending a tertiary care center, South India. This study was focused to evaluate the clinical scenarios of various patients diagnosed with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) based on diagnostic criteria in South Indian population attending Department of General Surgery and Gastroenterology, Father Muller Medical College, Mangalore, from August to July 2016. Results: The mean age was 33.6 ± 10.0 years. Females (62%) were the predominant when compared to males. Heartburn was present in 50%, regurgitation in 40% and the presence of both symptoms was observed in 48.3%. Majority of the study subjects have mild GERD (77%) followed by moderate and severe grades. The body mass index range of ≥30.0 kg/m2 was highest (48%). 58% belong to lower socioeconomic group. The patients who are consuming non-vegetarian diet, smokers, stress, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus have a significant association and more succumbed to the development of GERD (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Socioeconomic factors have a significant impact on the GERD manifestations. A number of studies have been performed to evaluate the influence of socioeconomic status and GERD and concluded that lower socioeconomic status has a significant negative impact on the quality of life and implied to GERD.