ABSTRACT
Objective@#To understand the toxicological indexes and indexes factors of drinking water in rural schools in Yunnan Province during 2017-2020, so as to provide scientific basis for ensuring drinking water safety, and targeted intervention in rural schools. @*Methods@#The end water of 456，399，391，387 rural primary and secondary school drinking water supply projects in 129 counties in Yunnan Province was collected from 2017 to 2020, 11 toxicological indexes were analyzed and evaluated.@*Results@#The overall compliance rate of drinking water toxicological indexes in rural primary and secondary schools in Yunnan Province was 99.32 %; The top three indexes exceeding the standard were nitrate nitrogen(0.31%), chloroform (0.15%) and cadmium(0.09%). The difference of compliance rate by year was statistically significant( χ 2=11.04, P <0.05); No difference in compliance rate was found between dry and wet seasons( χ 2=0.05, P >0.05); The rate of the surface water meeting the standard was higher than that of the groundwater( χ 2=9.62, P <0.05). There was no significant difference in the compliance rate between the treated and untreated projects( χ 2=1.55, P >0.05); The daily water supply scale was less than 500 m 3, and the rate of reaching the standard was lower than that of daily water supply is greater than 500 m 3( χ 2=4.27, P <0.05).@*Conclusion@#The overall percentage of the toxicological indexes in drinking water exceeding the standard in rural primary and secondary schools in Yunnan Province is low. Nitrate nitrogen, chloroform and cadmium should be considered as the prioritirized pollutants of drinking water in rural schools of Yunnan Province.
ABSTRACT
Aims: To objectively evaluate the level of scientific research of Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDCs) of the provincial capital cities in China. Design：To compare each capital city’s scientific research output in China, the authors used authoritative Chinese databases to retrieve scientific research literature published by the 31 Chinese provincial capital cities CDCs nationwide published between January 2007 and December 2011. Data were stored and analysed using NoteExpress2.0 software. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Medicineand the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, between May 2012 and July 2012. Methodology: All the articles published by the CDCs of provincial capital cities between 2007 and 2011 were retrieved from scientific literature databases. Data were stored and analysed in NoteExpress2.0 reference management analysis software. Bibliometric methods were used to statistically analyze the data. We developed an Overall influence index (ΣIFN) which combined the number of published papers and the impact factor for each one (IF) to derive an overall and objective index. Results: Overall 9,445 Chinese language and 202 English language papers fulfilled our inclusion criteria. A gradual upward trend in published literature of provincial capital cities CDC was observed between 2007 and 2011. The co-author rate was relatively high and the content of the journals was extensive. The Overall influence index of Beijing CDC is the highest (626.682),and Lasa CDC gets the lowest(1.354). Conclusion: The development of the level of scientific research is uneven in different areas. The ΣIFN index of the developed regions is higher, and that of western under developed region is lower.