ABSTRACT
@#Higher dietary intake of polyphenols is associated with a reduced risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) events and mortality. However, these phytochemicals are predominantly present in fruits and vegetables, which are inadequately consumed by some populations, including Filipinos. This narrative mini-review explores the potential role of polyphenol-containing pigmented rice consumption in modulating risk through a range of mechanisms identified in animal studies. Further, human studies have demonstrated promising but inconsistent effects on risk factors associated with the development of CVD, such as dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, overweight and obesity. Therefore, this review identifies the need for more clinical trials to examine the effect of pigmented rice on CVD risk factors.
Subject(s)
Cholesterol , Glucose , PolyphenolsABSTRACT
La démarche diagnostique devant un nodule mammaire repose sur un trépied : clinique, imagerie et anatomo-pathologie. Mais des discordances peuvent être observées entre deux ou les trois éléments de ce trépied, constituant ainsi des pièges. Notre objectif a été d'identifier ces discordances devant des cancers localement avancés du sein et d'envisager des solutions pour les éviter ou les résoudre.Nous avons analysé 17 cas de cancer du sein dont le diagnostic a été entaché de discordance entre les observations initiale et définitive, parmi deux ou les trois éléments du trépied. Du 17 mai 2007 au 31 décembre 2010, nous avons enregistré 178 cas de cancer du sein dans l'Unité de Chirurgie oncologique du Centre Hospitalier National (CHN) de Donka, qui fait partie du CHU de Conakry en Guinée. Parmi eux, 17 ont été entachés des discordances citées cidessus. On y a compté : 14 stades III et l'âge moyen était de 45,4 ans. La discordance a été clinique dans 2 cas, mammographique dans 6, cytologique dans 5 et liée à la première biopsie dans 16. La nécessité de rechercher attentivement la confirmation microscopique doit constituer une précaution constante pour résoudre ce type de problème
Subject(s)
Breast Neoplasms/pathology , GuineaABSTRACT
Assessment of the harm caused by exposure to pesticides requires that a measure of exposure be available. While such information is available without difficulty in controlled laboratory studies, estimating the exposure of humans who have been exposed in the real world is difficult. The difficulty is increased if exposures have taken place over an extended time period and the documentation of specifics is unavailable. Three methods of exposure assessment have previously been used: comparison of exposed and non-exposed groups, estimation of exposures through self-report of the individuals, and estimation of exposure through assessment of biomarkers or environmental levels. Each approach imposes limitations. We propose an additional approach - estimation of the degree of exposure for individuals through direct observation of their behavior and their use of personal protective equipment (PPE) during periods of exposure. We also obtain opinions from experts regarding the risk associated with the various behaviors and PPE use and combine these with the observations to create a personal risk index for each individual. By including information on chemicals in use during this period, we can characterize recent (observed) exposure for that individual. By these steps, the degree of risk may be determined for recent (observed) exposure. An estimate of long-term risk resulting from work-related exposures can be obtained for individuals by summing across their work histories.