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1.
Genet. mol. biol ; 41(1): 167-179, Jan.-Mar. 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-892470

ABSTRACT

Abstract The human C-C chemokine receptor type-5 (CCR5) is the major transmembrane co-receptor that mediates HIV-1 entry into target CD4+ cells. Gene therapy to knock-out the CCR5 gene has shown encouraging results in providing a functional cure for HIV-1 infection. In gene therapy strategies, the initial region of the CCR5 gene is a hotspot for producing functional gene knock-out. Such target gene editing can be done using programmable endonucleases such as transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALEN) or clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR-Cas9). These two gene editing approaches are the most modern and effective tools for precise gene modification. However, little is known of potential differences in the efficiencies of TALEN and CRISPR-Cas9 for editing the beginning of the CCR5 gene. To examine which of these two methods is best for gene therapy, we compared the patterns and amount of editing at the beginning of the CCR5 gene using TALEN and CRISPR-Cas9 followed by DNA sequencing. This comparison revealed that CRISPR-Cas9 mediated the sorting of cells that contained 4.8 times more gene editing than TALEN+ transfected cells.

2.
RELAMPA, Rev. Lat.-Am. Marcapasso Arritm ; 29(2): 57-62, mai.-jun.2016. tab, ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-794471

ABSTRACT

O manejo de dispositivos cardíacos eletrônicos implantáveis em portadores de arritmias atriais ou outras condições que demandem uso crônico de anticoagulante oral sempre gerou grande conflito nas cirurgias. Este trabalho traz a experiência da realização de intervenções com dispositivos cardíacos eletrônicos implantáveis em serviço especializado em arritmias cardíacas, apresentando resultados similares aos da literatura e que devem mudar paradigmas. Método: Realizamos intervenções desde implante de marcapassos monocamerais até upgrade para marcapassos/ cardiodesfibriladores multissítio em usuários de anticoagulantes orais, incluindo varfarina e os novos anticoagulantes orais ou de ação direta (dabigatrana, rivaroxabana e apixabana). As intervenções foram realizadas por médicos experientes e todos os pacientes foram reexaminados 15 dias após a cirurgia para retirada dos pontos e revisão clínica e do dispositivo. Resultados: Os procedimentos foramrealizados em 20 pacientes, em 5 dos quais foi mantido o uso de anticoagulantes de ação direta. A ocorrência de hematoma na loja se deu em 3 pacientes (INR de 3,4 e 2,63 e outro com apixabana) e todos tiveram boa evolução após conduta expectante sem retirada do anticoagulante oral, com reabsorção completa 30 dias depois.Naqueles em uso de varfarina, o INR médio foi de 2,85, sendo o menor de 2 e o maior, de 4,14. Em nossa série decasos conseguimos reproduzir dados do estudo BRUISE, que demonstrou diferença significativa na ocorrência dehematoma quando se adotou estratégia de intervenção realizando ponte com heparina. Em nossa série, 3 pacientesapresentaram hematoma, sem necessidade de intervenção (somente acompanhamento clínico) e sem aumentar o tempo de internação. Nossa série de casos incluiu os anticoagulantes de ação direta disponíveis no mercado.Conclusão: Este trabalho traz dados similares aos dos grandes estudos...


The management of implantable electronic cardiac devices in patients with atrial arrhythmias or other conditions that require the chronic use of oral anticoagulants has always generated great controversy in surgery. This study reports the experience of performing interventions with implantable electronic cardiac devices in specialized cardiac arrhythmia services with similar results to literature data, which must surely change paradigms. Method: We performed interventions ranging from single-chamber pacemaker implant to upgrade to multisite pacemakers/cardiodefibrillator in patients receiving oral anticoagulants including warfarin and the new oral or direct action anticoagulants (dabigatran, rivaroxaban and apixaban). Experienced surgeons performed the interventions. All of the patients were reexamined 15 days after the surgery to remove stiches,for clinical and device evaluation. Results: We performed procedures in 20 patients; in 5 of them direct oralanticoagulants were maintained. Significant hematomas were observed in 3 patients (INR of 3.4 and 2.63 andanother with apixaban), and all of them had good outcomes after a watchful waiting while maintaining the oralanticoagulant, with complete reabsorption after thirty days. In patients receiving warfarin, mean INR was 2.85, the lowest was 2.0 and the highest 4.14. In our series of cases we reproduced data from BRUISE study, which showed a significant difference in the occurrence of hematoma when the intervention strategy included a “bridge”with heparin. In our series, 3 patients had hematoma, but did not require an intervention (only clinical follow-up)and there was no increase in the length of stay. We used direct action anticoagulants available in the market.Conclusion: Our study provides similar data to major studies...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Anticoagulants/administration & dosage , Arrhythmia, Sinus/complications , Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy Devices , Pacemaker, Artificial , Hematoma/complications , Heparin/administration & dosage , Blood Coagulation Factor Inhibitors/administration & dosage , Warfarin/administration & dosage
3.
An. acad. bras. ciênc ; 79(4): 585-592, Dec. 2007. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-470034

ABSTRACT

In order to produce transgenic goats with hG-CSF, a total of 24 adult Saanen and 48 adult undefined breed goats were used as donors and recipients, respectively. Donors were estrus-synchronized with vaginal sponges and superovulated by a treatment with 200 mg FSH given twice daily in decreasing doses over 3 days starting 48 h before sponge removal. Ovulation was induced by injecting 100µg GnRH 36 h after sponge removal. The recipients also received an estrus synchronization treatment. Donors were mated with fertile Saanen bucks and, approximately 72 h after sponge removal, zygotes were recovered surgically by flushing oviducts. The recovered zygotes were briefly centrifuged to a reliable visualization of the pronuclei. The DNA construct containing hG-CSF gene flanked by goat and bovine alphas1-casein sequences was injected into pronuclei of 129 zygotes. The microinjected embryos (3-6 per female) were transferred to 27 recipients. Ten recipients became pregnant and 12 kids were born. One transgenic male founder was identified in the group of kids. This is the first report of a birth of a transgenic goat in Latin America.


A fim de produzir caprinos transgênicos para o hG-CSF, utilizou-se 24 cabras Saanen adultas e 48 cabras sem raça definida adultas como doadoras e receptoras, respectivamente. As doadoras tiveram o estro sincronizado por esponjas vaginais e foram superovuladas com 200 mg de FSH em doses decrescentes, duas vezes ao dia e iniciando 48 h antes da retirada da esponja. A ovulação foi induzida pela injeção de 100 µg de GnRH às 36 h após a retirada da esponja. As receptoras também receberam um tratamento de sincronização do estro. As doadoras foram cobertas por bodes Saanen férteis e, aproximadamente 72 h após a retirada da esponja, os zigotos foram colhidos cirurgicamente por lavagem dos ovidutos. Os zigotos colhidos foram rapidamente centrifugados para uma melhor visualização dos pró-núcleos. A construção de DNA, contendo o gene do hG-CSF flanqueado pelos genes caprino e bovino da alfas1-caseína, foi injetada em 129 embriões. Os embriões microinjetados (3 a 6 por receptora) foram transferidos para 27 receptoras que responderam ao tratamento. Dez receptoras ficaram gestantes e 12 crias foram produzidas. Um macho transgênico fundador foi identificado no grupo de crias nascidas. Este é o primeiro relato do nascimento de um caprino transgênico na América Latina.


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Male , Pregnancy , Animals, Genetically Modified/embryology , Embryo Transfer , Goats/genetics , Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor/genetics , Brazil , Goats/embryology , Microinjections , Zygote/physiology
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