ABSTRACT
La malaria es un gran problema de salud pública en Africa . De los 42 países que reportaron, 64% planea el uso de Diagnóstico Rápido (RDT). Desde el 2001, varios países han utilizado una terapia combinada con Artemizina (TCA) en el tratamiento de la malaria no complicada. Como las epidemias de malaria ocurren en poblaciones con baja inmunidad, 5 % de los casos pueden progresar a malaria severa, con 10% de letalidad que lleva a 620 000 casos con 155 000-310 000 muertes por paludismo en áreas de alta probabilidad de malaria. Se estudiaron los casos reportados con esta enfermedad en la población de refugiados de los campamentos somalíes y sudaneses, situados dentro del territorio etíope. El estudio se realizó en el período entre 1999-2005. Debido a las fuertes lluvias, muchos países del Este y Sur de Africa y otros países subsaharianos, experimentan epidemias. La mayoría de los refugiados de hoy vive en áreas endémicas de malaria: De los más de 20 millones de personas que están en protección del Alto Comisionado de las Naciones Unidas para los Refugiados (ACNUR), dos tercios viven en áreas endémicas de malaria. Las medidas de protección y educativas de carácter individual y colectiva con enfoque preventivo y de control son de gran importancia. Etiopía asume refugiados procedentes de Somalia , Sudán y otros países, a través de convenios con ACNUR y la Administración para los Asuntos de los refugiados y retornados (ARRA). La mayoría de estas muertes ocurre en niños menores de 5 años y mujeres embarazadas en Africa subsahariana.
Malaria is a major health problem in Africa . Out of the reports of 42 countries, 64% plan the use of RDT. Since 2001, several countries have developed a combined Artemisin therapy in the treatment of uncomplicated malaria. As malaria epidemics occur in low immunized populations, 5% of the cases may progress to severe malaria with a 10% of fatality which leads to 620 000 cases and 155 000-310 000 deaths by malaria in highly probable of epidemics areas.This study show the malaria cases reported in a population of Somali and Sudanese located within Ethiopian territory. The study was made during the period of 1999-2005. Due to heavy rains, lots of countries of the East and South of Africa, and other sub-Saharan countries go through malaria epidemics. Most of the refugees currently live in malaria endemic areas. Out of the 20 million people who currently live under the UNHCR protection, two thirds of them live in malaria endemic areas. Protection and educative measures of individual and collective nature with a preventive and control approach, are of a great importance. Conclusions: Ethiopia takes refugees from Somalia , Sudan and other countries by means of agreements with the UNHCR and the Administration for Refugees Internal Affairs. Most of the malaria deaths occur in less than five years old children and pregnant women in Subsaharan Africa.
ABSTRACT
Ethiopia has been receiving refugees for a long time; Kenya , Djibouti , Eritrea , Somalia in 1988, Sudan in 1984 until today from their distant countries of origin. One third of the world population is infected TB. It will cost at least, 35 millions of human lives. In sub-Saharan Africa , every year, more than 1, 5 million of TB cases are reported. At the same time, sickness and death/s because of TB worsen poverty in many communities. TB is a very important cause of death among HIV infected people. One third of the HIV infected people end up with TB. Progresses in the fight against TB are still insufficient in Africa , according to The WHO; this continent represents a 24% of the newly reported cases at a world level. One of the causes must be the insufficient financing of the programs of fight against the disease that killed almost 1, 7 millions people in the world in 2004.