ABSTRACT
OBJE CTIVE To establish a method for quality evaluation of Xin ’an capsule by combining fingerprint ， multi-component quantitative analysis and chemical pattern recognition analysis. METHODS High performance liquid chromatography（HPLC）combined with Similarity Evaluation System of TCM Chromatogram Fingerprint （2012 edition）were used to establish the fingerprints of 24 batches of Xin ’an capsules and evaluate the similarity. The common peaks were determined. The contents of glucosylvitexin ，rhamnosylvitexin，vitexin，hyperoside and isoquercetin in Xin ’an capsules were determined by the same HPLC method. Taking the common peak area of fingerprint as the variable ，MetaboAnalyst 5.0 tool was used to draw the cluster analysis （CA）heat map. SIMCA 14.1 software was used to perform principle component analysis （PCA）and partial least squares-discriminant analysis （PLS-DA）. RESULTS Twelve common peaks were identified with the similarity greater than 0.97. Six common peaks were identified as chlorogenic acid ，glucosylvitexin，rhamnosylvitexin，vitexin，hyperoside and isoquercetin.The linear range of glucosylvitexin ，rhamnosylvitexin，vitexin， hyperoside and isoquercetin were 2.36-151.35，9.15-585.20， 1.20-76.50， 0.68-43.20， 0.44-27.90 µg/mL（all r＞0.999）.RSDs of precision ，repeatability and stability （24 h）tests were 163.com all less than 2.00％ . The average recoveries were 95.80％（RSD＝0.96％ ，n＝6），102.10％ （RSD＝0.93％ ，n＝6）， 103.26％（RSD＝1.28％，n＝6），103.89％（RSD＝0.73％，n＝6） and 102.09％（RSD＝1.79％，n＝6），respectively. The contents of the five components were 0.988 8-1.559 1，4.336 6-11.220 1， 0.065 1-0.830 5，0.043 8-0.692 5 and 0.023 2-0.427 2 mg/grain，respectively. The results of CA and PCA showed that 24 batches of samples could be divided into three categories ，i.e. S 1-S15，S16-S18 and S 19-S24. PLS-DA showed that variable importance in projection values of the corresponding component of peak 6 and glucosylvitexin （peak 7），rhamnosylvitexin（peak 8），hyperoside （peak 10） and isoquercetin （peak 11） were greater than 1. CONCLUSIONS The established HPLC fingerprint and multi-component quantitative method are simple and feasible. Combined with chemical pattern recognition analysis ，it can be used for the quality control of Xin ’an capsules. Glucosylvitexin ，rhamnosylvitexin and other components may be differentital markers affecting the quality of each batch of samples.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the effect of pretreatment with penehychidine hydrochloride(PHCD) on NF-κB activity in the lung tissue following acute lung injury(ALI)induced by hemorrhagic shock in rats.Methods Twenty-four Wistar rats of both sexes weighing 200-250 g were randomly divided into 3 groups (n=8 each):group Ⅰ sham operation (group S);group Ⅱ ALI and group Ⅲ PHCD.The animals were anesthetized with intraperitoneal chloral hydrate 350 mg/kg.Hemorrhagic shock was produced in group Ⅱ and Ⅲ.Right carotid artery was cannulated for BP monitoring.Left femoral artery was cannulated for blood letting.MAP was reduced to 35-45 mm Hg within 10 min and maintained for 1 h in group ALI and PHCD(group Ⅱ andⅢ).The animals were then resuscitated with blood and normal saline.PHCD 2 mg/kg was given iv immediately before blood-letting in group PHCD.Blood samples were obtained from artery at 6 h after hemorrhagic shock wag induced for blood gas analysis and from right auricle for determination of plasma TNF-α concentration by ELISA.The lungs were then harvested for microscopic examination and determination of the expression of NF-κB p65 by immuno-histochemistry and W/D lung weight ratio.Results The plasma TNF-α concentration and expression of NF-κB p65 in the lung tissue were significantly increased in group ALI and PHCD as compared with group S and were significantly lower in group PHCD than in group ALI.There was less damage to the lung tissue in group PHCD than in group ALI.Conclusion PHCD pretreatment can attenuate ALl induced by hemorrhagic shock by inhibiting NF-κB activity.
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Objective To study the characteristics of patients with acute arsine poisoning and its possible treatments. Methods The only use of drugs,or drugs with plasma exchange(PE)were used to treat 36 patients with acute arsine poisoning.The blood haemolysis,enzymes of creatinc kinase(CK),lactate dehydrogenase(LDH),alkaline phosphatase (ALP),alanine aminotransferase(ALT),aspartate aminotransferase(AST),?-hydroxybutyric dehydrogenase(HHBD), total bihrubin(TBIL),indirect bilirubin(IBIL),direct bilirubin(DBIL),blood urea nitrogen(BUN),serum creatinine (Cr)were observed.Results There was an exposure time-effect relation in clinical characteristics,and a linear correlation between the concentrations of arsenic in blood and urine(r=0.718,P=0.019),but no significant correlations were found between the concentrations of arsenic in blood or urine with CK,LDH,ALP,ALT,AST,HHBD,TBIL,IBIL, DBIL,BUN,Cr(P＞0.05).In patients with severe acute arsine poisoning,PE quickly controlled hemolysis within 24 hours,and prevented secondary damage in kidney and other organs,oliguria stage got much shorter,and CK,LDH,ALP, AST,HHBD,TBIL,IBIL,BUN significantly reduced at 24 to 72 hours after PE treatment(P＜0.05).Conclusions The only use of drug was enough for the treatment of mild acute arsine poisoning.To the patients with severe acute arsine poisoning,PE may be an effective method to control its blood hemolysis and prevent complications,which should be taken as early as possible.