ABSTRACT
A prospective study of our first 76 cases of ureterorenoscopy using extended length rigid and flexible endoscopes was performed. 63 stone manipulation were attempted in 61 patients by 2 endoscopists 46(73.0% ). Analyzed sequentially, removal was successful in 21 of 32 attempts(65. 6%) among the initial 40 cases and in 25 of 31 (80.6% ) among the subsequent 36 cases. Of 12 calculi larger than 5mm and of 12 positioned above the iliac vessels 6(46.2%). 7(58.3%), respectively, were removed successfully. Diagnostic and therapeutic uses of the ureteroscope in and delineation of ureteral filling defect(5 cases). In 4 cases information was obtained endoscopically that was not possible by standard diagnostic techniques. The direct visual approach to the ureter has distinct advantages over blind ureteral instrumentation.