Effect of Elevated Temperature Interaction with Elevated Carbon Dioxide on Physiological Quality of Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Genotypes under Fate Condition

Four genotypes of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) viz., K-6, Naryani, Darani and K-9 were raised under Free Air Temperature Elevated (FATE) condition. The plants were raised in open rings with elevated temperature (+3°C) and carbon dioxide (550ppm) during rabi 2016 to investigate the effect of increased temperature and its interaction with CO2 on various seed quality parameters. The physiological parameters decreased under elevated CO2 and temperature. The results revealed that germination ranged from 81.5 to 90 per cent between four genotypes i.e., K-6, Naryani, Darani and K-9. Similarly speed of germination 49 to 83.02, shoot length 14.73 to 7.70, root length ranges from 20.80 to 9.50, and seedling vigour index 123.47 to 98.53 and seedling dry weight 0.919 to 0.100 g. Further, biochemical parameters like SOD, MDA and ? amylase content increased at eT + eCO2 as compared to control treatment. Limited evidence suggests that only short periods of high-temperature stress at critical seed development stages are required to reduce seed vigour, but further research is required. The predicted environmental changes will lead to losses of seed quality particularly for seed vigour and possibly germination.The present study shows that temperature impacts the groundnut crop’s physiological and quality parameters.

Standardization of Screen Aperture Size for Grading of Dhaincha Seeds

To standardize the sieve size for seed grading in dhaincha during Kharif, 2019–20 and 2020–21, an experiment was carried out. The native dhaincha species was processed using slotted perforated metal sieves with CRD design ranging S1 - 1.4 mm (S), S2- 1.6 mm (S), S3- 1.8 mm (S), S4 - 2.0 mm (S), and S5- 2.2 mm (S). The study realized that 2.0 mm and 2.2 mm sieves recorded highest seed quality standards and yielded larger-sized seeds. the results revealed that the seed recovery per cent in the 1.4 mm screen was maximum, whereas, the seed quality, nevertheless was better when seeds were graded using 2.0 mm and 2.2 mm sieves. From the combined average data of the two years, the highest quality seeds were retrieved by grading the seeds using 2.0 mm screen with good seed recovery per cent viz., SR (92.99%), PP (98.46%), PLS (90.37%), TW (26.16 g), SG (81.63 %), TSL (25.2 cm), SDW (14.4 mg), SVI-I (2103) and SVI-II (1174). Hence, the 2.0 mm screen can be used to obtained highest quality seeds with economical seed recovery.