Ligustilide delays senescence of auditory cortex in mice by inhibiting ferritinophagy / 中国药理学通报

Aim To investigate the mechanism of ligu aged 2 months of the same strain were used as the constilide (LIG) in delaying the senescence of auditory trol (Ctrl) group. Auditory brainstem response test was cortex and treating central presbycusis. Methods used to detect the auditory threshold of mice before and Forty C57BL/6J mice aged 13 months were randomly di after treatment. Levels of serum MDA and activity of vided into ligustilide low-dose(L-LIG) group, ligustil serum SOD were detected to display the level of oxidative ide medium-dose (M-LIG) group, ligustilide high-dose stress. The pathological changes of auditory cortex were (H-LIG) group and aging (Age) group, and 10 mice observed by HE staining. Ferroptosis was observed by

Terpinen-4-ol inhibits proliferation of VSMCs exposed to high glucose via regulating KLF4/NF-κB signaling pathway / 中国中药杂志

This study aimed to observe the effect of terpinen-4-ol(T4O) on the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells(VSMCs) exposed to high glucose(HG) and reveal the mechanism via the Krüppel-like factor 4(KLF4)/nuclear factor kappaB(NF-κB) signaling pathway. The VSMCs were first incubated with T4O for 2 h and then cultured with HG for 48 h to establish the model of inflammatory injury. The proliferation, cell cycle, and migration rate of VSMCs were examined by MTT method, flow cytometry, and wound healing assay, respectively. The content of inflammatory cytokines including interleukin(IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α) in the supernatant of VSMCs was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). Western blot was employed to determine the protein levels of proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA), Cyclin D1, KLF4, NF-κB p-p65/NF-κB p65, IL-1β, and IL-18. The KLF4 expression in VSMCs was silenced by the siRNA technology, and then the effects of T4O on the cell cycle and protein expression of the HG-induced VSMCs were observed. The results showed that different doses of T4O inhibited the HG-induced proliferation and migration of VSMCs, increased the percentage of cells in G_1 phase, and decreased the percentage of cells in S phase, and down-regulated the protein levels of PCNA and Cyclin D1. In addition, T4O reduced the HG-induced secretion and release of the inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF-α and down-regulated the expression of KLF4, NF-κB p-p65/NF-κB p65, IL-1β, and IL-18. Compared with si-NC+HG, siKLF4+HG increased the percentage of cells in G_1 phase, decreased the percentage of cells in S phase, down-regulated the expression of PCNA, Cyclin D1, and KLF4, and inhibited the activation of NF-κB signaling pathway. Notably, the combination of silencing KLF4 with T4O treatment further promoted the changes in the above indicators. The results indicate that T4O may inhibit the HG-induced proliferation and migration of VSMCs by down-regulating the level of KLF4 and inhibiting the activation of NF-κB signaling pathway.

CHD1 deletion stabilizes HIF1α to promote angiogenesis and glycolysis in prostate cancer / 亚洲男科学杂志(英文版)

Chromodomain-helicase-DNA-binding protein 1 (CHD1) deletion is among the most common mutations in prostate cancer (PCa), but its role remains unclear. In this study, RNA sequencing was conducted in PCa cells after clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeat (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9)-based CHD1 knockout. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) indicated upregulation of hypoxia-related pathways. A subsequent study confirmed that CHD1 deletion significantly upregulated hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1α) expression. Mechanistic investigation revealed that CHD1 deletion upregulated HIF1α by transcriptionally downregulating prolyl hydroxylase domain protein 2 (PHD2), a prolyl hydroxylase catalyzing the hydroxylation of HIF1α and thus promoting its degradation by the E3 ligase von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor (VHL). Functional analysis showed that CHD1 deletion promoted angiogenesis and glycolysis, possibly through HIF1α target genes. Taken together, these findings indicate that CHD1 deletion enhances HIF1α expression through PHD2 downregulation and therefore promotes angiogenesis and metabolic reprogramming in PCa.

Guidelines for management of pediatric acute hyperextension spinal cord injury / 中华创伤杂志(英文版)

Pediatric acute hyperextension spinal cord injury (SCI) named as PAHSCI by us, is a special type of thoracolumbar SCI without radiographic abnormality and highly related to back-bend in dance training, which has been increasingly reported. At present, it has become the leading cause of SCI in children, and brings a heavy social and economic burden. Both domestic and foreign academic institutions and dance education organizations lack a correct understanding of PAHSCI and relevant standards, specifications or guidelines. In order to provide standardized guidance, the expert team formulated this guideline based on the principles of science and practicability, starting from the diagnosis, differential diagnosis, etiology, admission evaluation, treatment, complications and prevention. This guideline puts forward 23 recommendations for 14 related issues.

Clinical diagnosis and treatment of multiple pulmonary nodules / 中华肿瘤杂志

CT screening has markedly reduced the lung cancer mortality in high-risk population and increased the detection of early-stage pulmonary neoplasms, including multiple pulmonary nodules, especially those with a ground-glass appearance on CT. Multiple primary lung cancer (MPLC) constitutes a specific subtype of lung cancer with indolent biological behaviors, which is predominantly early-stage adenocarcinoma. Although MPLC progresses slowly with rare lymphatic metastasis, existence of synchronous lesions and distributed location of these nodules still pose difficulty for the management of such patients. One single operation is usually insufficient to eradicate all neoplastic lesions, whereas repeated surgical procedures bring about another dilemma: whether clinical benefits of surgical treatment outweigh loss of pulmonary function following multiple operations. Therefore, despite the anxiety for treatment among MPLC patients, whether and how to treat the patient should be assessed meticulously. Currently there is a heated discussion upon the timing of clinical intervention, operation mode and the application of local therapy in MPLC. Based on clinical experience of our multiple disciplinary team, we have summarized and commented on the evaluation, surgical treatment, non-surgical local treatment, targeted therapy and immunotherapy of MPLC in this article to provide further insight into this field.

Ginsenoside Rg1 injection combined with inosine tablets and vitamin B1 for the treatment of primary retinitis pigmentosa / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To investigate the effects of ginsenoside Rg1 injection combined with inosine tablets and vitamin B1 on serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF), pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide(PACAP)and clinical efficacy in primary retinitis pigmentosa.METHODS: A total of 50 patients(100 eyes)with primary retinitis pigmentosa who admitted to the Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University from August 2019 to March 2022 were selected as the research object. They were divided into the study group and the control group according to random number table, with 50 eyes in each group. Patients in the control group were treated with inosine tablets and vitamin B1, while patients in the study group were treated with ginsenoside Rg1 injection on the basis of the control group. The expression of BDNF and PACAP in serum, electroretinogram and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography(SD-OCT)were compared before and after treatment, and the retinal thickness(RT), mean deviation(MD), clinical efficacy and safety indexes were compared between the two groups.RESULTS: There were no differences in the MD of the two groups before treatment(t=1.670, P=0.098), while the MD of the study group was significantly lower than that of the control group after treatment(t=3.628, P<0.01). Before treatment, RT with a diameter of 1mm at the circle of macular fovea was compared between the two groups(t=0.108, P=0.914), it was significantly higher than that in the control group after treatment(t=6.125, P<0.01). Before treatment, there was no significant difference in the results of dark adaptation of electroretinogram between the two groups(all P>0.05). After treatment, the results of dark adaptation in the study group were significantly better than those in the control group(all P<0.01). Before treatment, there was no significant difference in the results of electroretinogram adaptation between the two groups(all P>0.05). After treatment, the results of electroretinogram adaptation in the study group were significantly better than those in the control group(all P<0.01). There was no significant difference in BDNF and PACAP between the two groups before treatment(all P>0.05). BDNF and PACAP in the study group were higher than those of the control group after treatment(all P<0.01). After treatment, no adverse reactions were observed in both groups.CONCLUSION: The treatment of patients with primary retinitis pigmentosa with ginsenoside will improve the retinal function and promote the prognosis of the disease by regulating the expression of BDNF and PACAP, and it is highly safe.

Role of DNA methylation in the pathogenesis of ophthalmic diseases / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

The occurrence and development of many eye diseases are closely related to genetic and environmental factors, among which epigenetic modification is an important bridge connecting genetic and environmental factors. It can affect the levels of related genes by influencing gene transcription or translation, thereby playing a role in the pathogenesis of ocular diseases. DNA methylation is an important part of epigenetic modification which is usually regulated by three processes: de novo methylation, maintenance methylation, and demethylation, and plays an essential role in regulating gene expression. At present, researchers have conducted that DNA methylation plays an important role in repair of damage to corneal endothelium, mitochondrial dynamics regulation and diabetic retinopathy, oxidative stress response and cataracts and other eye diseases, providing new ideas in the treatment of related ocular diseases. This study presented a brief review of the role of DNA methylation in the development of related ocular diseases and provided new perspectives and directions for the screening, diagnosis, and treatment of eye diseases.

Protective effect of salvianolic acid B on retina and its influence on angiogenesis in retinal vein occlusion injured rat model / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To investigate the protective effect of salvianolic acid B on retina and its influence on angiogenesis in retinal vein occlusion(RVO)injured rats.METHODS: SD rats were randomly divided into control group, model group and salvianolic acid B group, with 10 rats in each group. In addition to the control group, rats in model group and salvianolic acid B group were induced RVO by Bengal red combined with laser photodynamic method. The rats in salvianolic acid B group were intraperitoneally injected with salvianolic acid B 50 mg/(kg·d), while the rats in control group and model group were only given the same amount of normal saline for 21 consecutive days. Fundus fluorescein angiography(FFA)was used to observe the retinal vein structure before and after administration. HE staining was used to observe the pathological changes of rat retina. The retinal function of rats was evaluated by electroretinogram(ERG). The fluorescence expression of vascular endothelial growth factor A(VEGFA)in retina of rats in each group was detected by immunofluorescence staining. The relative expression of HIF-1α, STAT3, p-STAT3 and VEGFA proteins in retinal tissue were detected by Western blotting.RESULTS: Compared with the control group, the blood flow at the retinal obstruction in the model group was recanalized, and the effective collateral circulation was abundant, but the shape was irregular, and there was fluorescence leakage. In salvianolic acid B group, the retinal vein circulation recovered, the shape became regular gradually, and the collateral vessels decreased. The retina of the model group and salvianolic acid B group showed different degrees of pathological damage. At the same time, the amplitude of ERG a wave and b wave, the thickness of retinal total layer(RTL), inner nuclear layer(INL)and outer nuclear layer(ONL)decreased, the fluorescence intensity of VEGFA enhanced, and the relative expression of HIF-1α, p-STAT3 and VEGFA protein increased(P<0.05). Compared with the model group, the retinal histopathological damage of salvianolic acid B rats was alleviated, the amplitude of ERG a-wave and b-wave, the thickness of RTL, INL and ONL were increased, the fluorescence intensity of VEGFA was weakened, and the relative expression of HIF-1α, p-STAT3 and VEGFA proteins was decreased(P<0.05).CONCLUSION: Salvianolic acid B can alleviate the retinal histopathological injury and improve retinal function in RVO rats, which may be related to inhibiting the activation of HIF-1α/STAT3/VEGFA pathway and reducing angiogenesis.

Inhibitory Effect of Jinkui Shenqi Pills on Glucocorticoid-Enhanced Axial Length Elongation in Experimentally Myopic Guinea Pigs / 中国结合医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the underlying mechanism of inhibition by Jinkui Shenqi Pills (JKSQP) on glucocorticoid-enhanced axial length elongation in experimental lens-induced myopia (LIM) guinea pigs.@*METHODS@#Sixty 2-week old male guinea pigs were randomly divided into 4 groups with 15 guinea pigs in each group, according to the random numbers generated by SPSS software: control, LIM, saline and JKSQP groups. The control group includes animals with no treatment, while the guinea pigs in the other 3 groups received lens-induced myopization on the right eyes throughout the experiment (for 8 weeks). The saline and JKSQP groups were given daily intraperitoneal injections of 10 mg/kg hydrocortisone for 2 consecutive weeks at the same time, and then orally administered either saline or JKSQP [13.5 g/(kg•d) for 6 consecutive weeks. Body weight, anal temperature and animal appearance were observed and recorded to evaluate the GC-associated symptoms. The ocular parameters, including refraction and axial length, were measured by streak retinoscopy and A-scan ultrasonography, respectively. The levels of plasma hormones associated with the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPAA), including free triiodothyronine, free thyroxine, estradiol and testosterone, were measured by radioimmunoassay, and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. In addition, the mRNA and protein expressions of retinal amphiregulin (AREG) was measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting, respectively.@*RESULTS@#JKSQP effectively increased body weight and anal temperature, improved animal appearance and suppressed axial length elongation in glucocorticoid-enhanced myopic guinea pigs with normalization of 4 HPAA-associated plasma hormones (all P<0.05). The plasma level of cAMP was significantly increased, whereas the plasma level of cGMP and the mRNA and protein expressions of retinal AREG were decreased after treatment with JKSQP (all P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#JKSQP exhibited a significant inhibitory effect on axial length elongation with decreased expression of AREG in the retina, and normalized 4 HPAA-associated plasma hormones and the expression of cAMP and cGMP in GC-enhanced myopic guinea pigs.

Efficacy analysis of autologous facet joint bone block in lumbar interbody fusion of osteoporosis patients / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To compare and analyze the feasibility of autologous facet joint bone block as an alternative to polyetheretherketone (PEEK) cage in lumbar intervertebral fusion surgery for patients with osteoporosis.@*METHODS@#From December 2018 to June 2021, the case data of patients with osteoporosis (T value ≤ -2.5 on dual energy X-ray bone density) who underwent posterior lumbar interbody fusion in the Fourth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital were retrospectively reviewed. All the cases were followed up for no less than 12 months and were divided into two groups according to the differences of interbody fusion materials: the autologous facet joint bone block group (autogenous bone group) and the PEEK cage group (PEEK group). The general data [such as age, gender, body mass index (BMI), primary diagnosis, distribution of fusion segments, bone mineral density of lumbar (BMD), incidence of preoperative complications], the perioperative data (such as duration of operation, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative drainage, perioperative allogeneic blood transfusion rate), and the incidence of postoperative complications were compared between the two groups. Imaging parameters (disc height, lumbar lordosis angle, segment lordosis angle, segmental lordosis angle, disc height improvement rate, and fusion rate) and lumbar functional scores [visual analogue scale (VAS), Oswestry disability index (ODI), Japanese Orthopedics Association (JOA) score for lower back pain] were compared to evaluate the clinical efficacy between the kinds of intervertebral fusion materials 1 week, 3 months and 6 months postoperative and at the last follow-up.@*RESULTS@#A total of 118 patients were enrolled, including 68 cases in the autogenous bone group and 50 cases in the PEEK group, there were no statistical differences in age, gender, BMI, primary diagnosis, distribution of fusion segments, BMD, incidence of preoperative complications, duration of operation, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative drainage, perioperative allogeneic blood transfusion rate, incidence of postoperative complications, all the preoperative imaging parameters and all the lumbar function scores between the two groups (P>0.05). Postoperative superficial surgical site infections occurred in 3 patients in the autogenous bone group and 2 patients in the PEEK group. At the last follow-up, 3 cases of intervertebral graft collapse occurred in the autogenous bone group and 5 cases in the PEEK group, 1 case of graft subsidence in the autogenous bone group and 1 case in the PEEK group. All the imaging parameters showed significant differences between postoperation and preoperation (P < 0.05), and all the imaging parameters showed significant differences between 1 week and 3 months postoperative in both groups (P < 0.05). The height, angle of fusion gap in the autogenous bone group were lower than those in the PEEK group 1 week postoperatively (P < 0.05), and the fusion gap height improvement rate in the autogenous bone group was lower than that in the PEEK group (P < 0.05). The cases in both groups started to show final fusion 3 months after surgery, and the fusion rate in the autogenous bone group was 75% 6 months postoperatively, which was significantly higher than the rate of 56% in the PEEK group (P < 0.05), and there was no statistically significant difference in the final fusion rate between the two groups (P>0.05). The ODI, the postoperative VAS score was significantly lower than that in preoperation, while the postoperative JOA score was significantly higher than that in preoperation (P < 0.05). The ODI was lower while the JOA score was higher of the autogenous bone group than that of the PEEK group 6 months postoperatively (P < 0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#In osteoporosis patients, good interbody fusion rate and improvement of lumbar vertebral function can be obtained by using autologous facet joint bone block or PEEK cage, while the fusion rate and the improvement of lumbar function with autologous facet joint bone block are better than those with PEEK cage 6 months post-operatively. PEEK cage is superior to autologous facet joint bone block in intervertebral distraction and improvement of lumbar lordosis. Significant disc space subsidence occurred in osteoporotic patients within 3 months after lumbar interbody fusion, and the subsidence of PEEK cage was more obvious than that of autologous facet joint bone block.

The effect of whole brain radiotherapy combined with supplement precise radiotherapy for lung cancer patients with brain metastasis / 中国医师进修杂志

Objective:To explore the effect of whole brain radiotherapy combined with complementary precise radiotherapy in patients with brain metastases from lung cancer.Methods:A total of 40 patients with brain metastases from lung cancer treated in Zhejiang Cancer Hospital from January 2017 to January 2019 were randomly divided into two groups, each group with 20 patients. The control group was given pure whole brain radiotherapy, and the observation group was given complementary precise radiotherapy on the basis of control group. The radiotherapy effects of the two groups were compared.Results:The effective rate and disease control rate of the observation group were higher than those in the control group (15/20 vs. 7/20, 19/20 vs. 11/20), there were significantly differences( χ2 = 8.02 and 6.67, P<0.05). After treatment, the scoresof SF-36 in the observation group were higher than those in the control group ( P<0.05). The incidence of adverse reactions in the two groups was 6/20. The progressionfree survival (PFS) time in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group: (26.5 ± 2.6) months vs. (5.6 ± 1.2) months, P = 0.002. The average overall survival rate in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group (77.8% vs. 23.2%, P<0.01). Conclusions:Whole brain radiotherapy combined with supplement precise radiotherapy for lung cancer patients with brain metastasiscan significantly improve the treatment effect and survival rate, and improve the prognosis.

The effects of robotic-assisted versus laparoscopic-assisted radical right hemicolectomy on short-term outcome and long-term prognosis based on propensity score matching / 中华外科杂志

Objective: To compare the short-term and long-term outcomes between robotic-assisted and laparoscopic-assisted radical right hemicolectomy in patients with adenocarcinoma of the right colon. Methods: Retrospective review of a prospectively collected database identified 288 right colon cancer patients who underwent either robotic-assisted (n=57) or laparoscopic-assisted right hemicolectomy (n=231) between October 2014 and October 2020 at Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University. There were 161 males and 127 females, aging (60.3±12.8) years (range: 17 to 86 years). After propensity score matching as 1∶4 between robotic-assisted and laparoscopic-assisted right hemicolectomy, there were 56 cases in robotic group and 176 cases in laparoscipic group. Perioperative outcomes and overall survival were compared between the two groups using t test, Wilcoxon rank sum test, χ2 test, Fisher exact test, Kaplan-Meier method and Log-rank test, respectively. Results: The total operative time was similar between the robotic and laparoscopic group ((206.9±60.7) minutes vs. (219.9±56.3) minutes, t=-1.477, P=0.141). Intraoperative bleeding was less in the robotic group (50 (20) ml vs. 50 (50) ml, Z=-4.591, P<0.01), while the number of lymph nodes retrieved was significantly higher (36.0±10.0 vs. 29.0±10.1, t=4.491, P<0.01). Patients in robotic group experienced significantly shorter hospital stay, shorter time to first flatus, and defecation (t: -2.888, -2.946, -2.328, all P<0.05). Moreover, the overall peri-operative complication rate was similar between robotic and laparoscopic group (17.9% vs. 22.7%, χ²=0.596,P=0.465). The 3-year overall survival were 92.9% and 87.9% respectively and the 3-year disease-free survival rates were 83.1% and 82.6% with no statistical significance between the robotic and laparoscopic group (P>0.05). Conclusions: Compared to laparoscopic-assisted right hemicolectomy, robot-assisted right hemicolectomy could improve some short-term clinical outcomes. The two procedures are both achieving comparable survival.

Research Progress of Exosomes and Their Forensic Significance / 法医学杂志

Exosomes are membranous tiny vesicles secreted by cells, which are widely found in the extracellular matrix and various body fluids and carry a variety of biologically functional molecules such as proteins, lipids, messenger RNA (mRNA) and microRNA (miRNA). Exosomes not only play important biological roles in the field of immunology and oncology, but also have potential application value in the field of forensic medicine. This article reviews the discovery, production and degeneration mechanism, biological functions, isolation and identification methods of exosomes, summarizes the research on exosomes and their significance in the field of forensic science, and discusses their applications in body fluid identification, individual identification, postmortem interval estimation to provide ideas for the application of exosomes in forensic work.

Construction of the evaluation index system on TCM service capability of county-level hospitals of traditional Chinese medicine / 中华医院管理杂志

Objective:To build the evaluation index system of traditiond Chinese medicine(TCM) service capacity in county-level TCM hospitals, for references to improve the TCM service capability in China.Methods:Based on the " structure-process-result" evaluation model, a preliminary screening index system for the evaluation of TCM service capacity in county-level TCM hospitals was established by analyzing relevant literature and policies; Two rounds of Delphi expert consultation were made to screen the evaluation indexes; The combination weighting method based on both expert scoring method and entropy weight method was used to determine the index weight.Results:The evaluation index system of TCM service capacity of county-level TCM hospitals was finally incorporated into 3 first-level indicators, 9 second-level indicators and 33 third-level indicators. The top five third-level indicators in terms of comprehensive weight were the person time of TCM preventive care in the year(12.02%), the person time of manual reduction diagnosis and treatment(9.03%), the person time of acupuncture and moxibustion(6.55%), the proportion of income from inpatient TCM services in medical income(5.87%) and the person time of massage(5.34%).Conclusions:From the perspective of the whole process of TCM service, the evaluation index system of TCM service capacity of county-level TCM hospitals reflectd the health service capacity of county-level TCM hospitals, highlighted the characteristics of TCM.

Efficiency and safety of traditional growing rod technique in the treatment of early onset dystrophic scoliosis secondary to type 1 neurofibromatosis with intraspinal rib head in children / 中华骨科杂志

Objective:To investigate the efficiency and safety of traditional growing rod in the treatment of early onset dystrophic scoliosis secondary to type 1 neurofibromatosis (NF1-DS) with intraspinal rib head in children.Methods:From September 2006 to May 2020, this study recruited 20 children with intraspinal rib head with early onset NF1-DS who had received traditional growing rods. There were 13 boys and 7 girls and the age of the initial operation was 7.0±1.6 years (range, 4.1-9.8 years). There were 7 cases of simple left chest bend, 9 cases of simple right chest bend, and 4 cases of double chest bend; 13 patients had varying degrees of kyphosis deformity. Two children had neurological symptoms before surgery, American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale (AIS) were grade D. The proportion of the intraspinal rib head (IRP), the Cobb angle of the main chest bend, apical vertebra rotation (AVR), apical vertebral translation (AVT), trunk shift (TS) and sagittal TK, lumbar lordosis (LL), sagittal balance and T 1-S 1 height were measured before and after first time internal fixation and at last follow-up, and the complications were also evaluated. Results:All 20 patients were followed up and the average follow-up time was 41.6±23.8 months (range, 24-99 months). A total of 85 operations was conducted including 63 protrude operations. After operation, the IRP was significantly lower than that before operation (preoperative 33.1%±17.5% vs. postoperative 22.2%±11.3%, P<0.001) and no significant correction loss was found at last follow-up 23.7%±12.4% ( P>0.05). The mean Cobb angle decreased from 75.9°±26.7° preoperatively to 45.0°±18.5° postoperatively ( P<0.001) and there was still significant improvement at the last follow-up (41.0°±17.2°) compared with postoperatively ( P<0.05). The AVR was significantly reduced after surgery compared with preoperatively (33.0°±10.1° vs. 39.3°±13.3°, P<0.001), and the last follow-up (40.1°±11.4°) was significantly improved compared with postoperative ( P=0.005). The T 1-S 1 height increased from 259.8±70.7 mm preoperatively to 296.9±78.4 mm postoperatively ( P=0.001), and at the last follow-up 296.9±78.4 mm was still significantly higher than after operation ( P<0.001), with an average annual increase of 12.4±3.2 mm. Significant correction of AVT, TK, LL and sagittal balance were noted after initial surgery ( P<0.05), and no significant correction loss was found at last follow-up ( P>0.05). There were 10 complications in 7 cases. There were 5 complications of pedicle screw loosening, 1 complication of bolt droping, 2 complications of broken rod, 1 complication of distal junctional kyphosis and 1 complication of adding-on phenomenon. 2 cases with nerve injury were recover after operation (AIS grading E). None of the children had new neurological complications during growth rod insertion and multiple stretching during follow-up. Conclusion:For children with early onset NF1-DS with intraspinal rib head, if the preoperative AIS grade is D or E, traditional growing rod technique is relatively safe and effective and can make the intraspinal rib head remove from the spinal canal partly.

Baicalin Promotes the Apoptosis of Respiratory Inflammatory Cells in Asthmatic Mice through Bitter Taste Receptors / 中国生物化学与分子生物学报

Asthma is a heterogeneous disease that affects three hundred million people worldwide. About half of them are not well controlled, new therapeutic approach and more effective medicines are therefore urgently needed. Recent studies have shown that bitter taste receptors (Tas2rs) are expressed in respiratory system, and Tas2rs might be used as new targets for asthma treatment since some bitter compounds show therapeutic potential for asthma therapies. Based on this situation, we studied the effect of bitter compound baicalin (BA) on the apoptosis of inflammatory cells in the respiratory tract of asthmatic mice and its relationship with bitter signal transduction. Male BALB/c mice were selected as the tested animals randomly divided into control group (CK), asthma mouse model group stimulated by intraperitoneal injection and aerosol inhalation of ovalbumin(OVA) and intragastric administration of BA intervention OVA-induced asthma group (OVA + BA). The results showed that inflammatory cells infiltration, alveolar septum thickening and diminished alveolarspaces were observed in the OVA group after HE staining. The above symptoms were significantly alleviated in OVA+BA group. The total number of inflammatory cells and classified cell count in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of mice in OVA group were increased, and the number of inflammatory cells in BA intervention group were decreased significantly (P < 0. 05). Analysis of real-time quantitative PCR showed that the expression levels of mucin Muc5ac were significantly increased in the lung in OVA group (P <0. 05), while the expression levels of Muc5ac in OVA+BA group were significantly lower than that in OVA group (P <0. 05). The expression of Tas2r108, Tas2r126, Tas2r135, Tas2r143 and their downstream signal transduction molecules α-gust and Trpm5 were down-regulated in OVA group (P < 0. 05). In OVA group, the transcription of pro-apoptotic factors P53, Bax and Casp3 was inhibited, and decreased activity of caspase3 was detected, whereas the transcription of anti-apoptotic factor Bcl2 was up-regulated (P < 0. 05). In OVA+BA group, the transcription of tested Tas2rs genes and downstream signal transduction molecules (P < 0. 05), as well as pro-apoptotic genes P53, Bax and Casp3 were all up-regulated associated with the decreased Bcl2 expression and increased caspase3 activity (P < 0. 05). Our results suggest that BA might function as a bitter taste receptor agonist to mediate the regulation of respiratory tract inflammatory cells apoptosis by activating the bitter signal transduction system, and thus to reduce the lung inflammation and injury in asthmatic mice.

Interlaboratory method validation of slope ratio determination for anticoagulant activity of leeches / 中国药理学通报

Aim To investigate the slope ratio method for the determination of anticoagulant activity of leeches. Methods Three batches of leeches, four groups of Japanese medical vermiculite yinpian and fifteen groups of leech preparations were chosen, with contrast medicinal leeches herbs and Philippine cattle leech contrast medicinal materials, and different concentrations of leaching solutions were prepared in parallel. APTT value was determined after anticoagulant activity was determined by slope ratio method for the joint validation of laboratory, intermediate precision and accuracy between the linear range. Results The slope ratio method was accurate and accurate in the determination of anticoagulant activity of leeches, with linearity between 64% and 156% relative titer level. Conclusion Slope ratio method can be used to determine the anticoagulant activity of leeches.

Early effects of spinal endoscopic fusion technology in the treatment of degenerative lumbar disease / 西安交通大学学报(医学版)

【Objective】 To report the early clinical effects and surgical complications of endoscopic spinal fusion technology （Endo-LIF） in the treatment of degenerative lumbar disease. 【Methods】 The clinical data of 31 patients with degenerative lumbar spine disease treated with Endo-LIF from June 2019 to May 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. All the 31 patients underwent endoscopic spinal fusion therapy. We recorded the operation time， hospital stay duration， postoperative complications， visual analogue scale for pain （VAS）， oswestry dysfunction Index （ODI） and low back pain in the Chinese Orthopaedic Association Spine Group Surgery scoring standards before operation， immediately after operation， and the last follow-up to evaluate clinical efficacy. 【Results】 The operation time of the 31 patients was （134.80±34.98） min， the intraoperative blood loss was （100.13±18.49） mL， the hospital stay was （6.65±0.17） days， and the follow-up time was 6 to 18 （14±2.3） months. One patient had hematoma compression after surgery； he had incision made immediately to clear the hematoma and healed after bed rest. Two patients developed spinal hypertension and healed after bed rest. All the patients had no symptoms of nerve injury after operation， and the clinical symptoms were significantly relieved. We compared the perioperative VAS score and ODI index of all the patients， which were lower immediately after operation and at the last follow-up than those before the operation （P<0.05）， and the difference was statistically significant. 【Conclusion】 Endo-LIF technology has good short-term clinical effects and the advantages of milder trauma， less blood loss， and quick recovery after surgery. It is a safe and minimally invasive lumbar fusion surgery.

Efficacy of Danshen injection iontophoresis in the treatment of retinal vein occlusion / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To explore the efficacy of Danshen injection iontophoresis in the treatment of retinal vein occlusion(RVO).METHODS: The clinical data of 90 patients(90 eyes)with RVO treated in our hospital from January 2020 to December 2021 were analyzed retrospectively, and they were divided into control group and observation group according to treatment methods. A total of 38 patients(38 eyes)in the control group were treated with intravenous Xueshuantong+oral compound Xueshuantong capsule+enteric-coated aspirin, and 52 patients(52 eyes)in the observation group were treated with Danshen injection iontophoresis on this basis. The treatment time of the two groups was 3mo. The clinical efficacy, best corrected visual acuity, retinal condition and hemorheological indexes(whole blood low shear viscosity, fibrinogen)were compared between the two groups before and after treatment.RESULTS: The total effective rate of the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group(87% vs 58%,P&#x003C;0.05)at 3mo after treatment. The best corrected visual acuity in both groups was better than that before treatment, and the observation group was better than the control group(all P&#x003C;0.05).The circulation time of retinal vein, the relative diameter of retinal vein and the relative area of retinal hemorrhage in the observation group were lower than those before treatment,and the observation group was lower than the control group(all P&#x003C;0.05). The whole blood low shear viscosity and fibrinogen levels in the two groups were lower than those before treatment, and the observation group was lower than those in the control group(all P&#x003C;0.05).CONCLUSION: Danshen injection iontophoresis is effective in the treatment of patients with RVO, which can effectively improve the visual acuity, treat fundus lesions and improve the abnormal blood flow.

Current opinions on the mechanism, classification, imaging diagnosis and treatment of post-traumatic osteomyelitis / 中华创伤杂志(英文版)

Post-traumatic osteomyelitis (PTO) is a worldwide problem in the field of orthopaedic trauma. So far, there is no ideal treatment or consensus-based gold standard for its management. This paper reviews the representative literature focusing on PTO, mainly from the following four aspects: (1) the pathophysiological mechanism of PTO and the interaction mechanism between bacteria and the body, including fracture stress, different components of internal fixation devices, immune response, occurrence and development mechanisms of inflammation in PTO, as well as the occurrence and development mechanisms of PTO in skeletal system; (2) clinical classification, mainly the etiological classification, histological classification, anatomical classification and the newly proposed new classifications (a brief analysis of their scope and limitations); (3) imaging diagnosis, including non-invasive examination and invasive examination (this paper discusses their advantages and disadvantages respectively, and briefly compares the sensitivity and effectiveness of the current examinations); and (4) strategies, including antibiotic administration, surgical choices and other treatment programs. Based on the above-mentioned four aspects, we try to put forward some noteworthy sections, in order to make the existing opinions more specific.