Incidental direct carotid-cavernous fistula in a patient with high-grade internal carotid artery stenosis

The concurrent occurrence of internal carotid artery [ICA] stenosis and carotid-cavernous fistula [CCF] is infrequent. We report the case of a 59-year-old man with symptomatic high-grade stenosis of left ICA who was referred to our hospital for surgical treatment. An ipsilateral direct CCF was found incidentally during operation. Ultimately, the two lesions were successfully treated with a covered stent while the ICA was preserved. The result of our study may provide further insight into this rare combination of diseases

Effects of alligator Zhikegao on relieving cough dispelling phlegm and anti-inflammation / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To research the effects of Alligator Zhikegao on relieving cough, dispelling phlegm and anti-inflammation.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The coughing tests in mice, the phenol red secreting tests in mice, ear edema tests in mice,and paw edema tests and subcutaneous cotton ball granuloma in rats were adopted for observing the related pharmacological effects of Alligator Zhikegao.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Alligator Zhikegao could obviously prolong the latent period and decrease the times of mouse coughing, and remarkably inhibit the mouse ear edema (P < 0.001), the rat paw edema and the hyperplasia of subcutaneous cotton ball granuloma in rats. Alligator Zhikegao 11.70 g x kg(-1) could significant improve the carbonic clearances of macrophages (P <0.05) and the hemolysin level in serum (P <0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Alligator Zhikegao has significant effects on relieving cough, dispelling phlegm, anti-inflammation and immunological regulation.</p>

Protective effects of polysacchride of Spirulina platensis and Sargassum thunbeergii on vascular of alloxan induced diabetic rats / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the protective effects of polysaccharide of Spirulina platensis and Sargassum thunbeergii on vascular of alloxan (ALX) induced diabetic rats.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>With the doses of polysaccharide of Spirulina platensis (PSP) and Sargassum thunbeergii (PST) compound (1:1) 12.261, 36.783, 110.349 mg x kg(-1) by i.g. administration to alloxan induced diabetic rats respectively for 6 weeks. Then the blood glucose and the TC, HDL-C, TG, NO, ET in serum were detected. The contraction and relaxation response to NE and ACh in aortic rings of the alloxan induced diabetic rats has been studied.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The results showed the compound of PSP and PST could decrease the blood glucose and the TC, TG, NO, ET in serum and increase HDL-C than in the alloxan induced diabetic rats. The contraction responses to NE in aortic rings of the alloxan induced diabetic rats were significantly elevated in the normal rats, and the responses to ACh were significantly lower. PSP and PST compound could significantly lower the responses to NE and significantly elevate the responses to ACh in aortic rings of the alloxan induced diabetic rats.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>PSP and PST compound could decrease blood glucose and could protect the vascular of alloxan induced diabetic rats.</p>

Anti-arrhythmic effect of starfish sterol / 药学学报

<p><b>AIM</b>To study the effect of modified starfish sterol [C03, succinic acid (5-epiandroene-17-one-3beta-ol) diester] on experimental arrhythmias.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Arrhythmias were induced by drugs (Aco, Oua, BaCl2 and adrenalin) i.v., ligating the left anterior descending coronary artery and electricity.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>C03 71.4 mg x kg(-1) (ig) was shown to increase the dose of Oua inducing VP, VT, VF and CA in guinea pigs (P < 0.01); C03 (26.8, 80.4 mg x kg(-1)) was found to increase the dose of Aco inducing VF and CA in rats (P < 0.01); C03 (8.9, 26.8, 80.4 mg x kg(-1)) increase the dose of barium chloride and delay the onset time of ventricular arrhythmias (P < 0.01); C03 (14.1, 42.3 mg x kg(-10) shorten time of recovering induced by adrenalin in rabbits (P < 0.01); C03 (80.4 mg x kg(-1)) was shown to reduce the number of ventricular arrhythmias induced by coronary artery ligation in rats (P < 0.05), C03 increase VFT induced by electricity in rabbits, VFT of C03 14.1 mg x kg(-1) increased from (5.1 +/- 2.5) V to (11.0 +/- 2.7) V (P < 0.01), 42.3 mg x kg(-1) increased from (6.1 +/- 1.7) V to (15 +/- 5) V (P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Starfish sterol has anti-arrhythmic effect.</p>

Preparation and evaluation in vivo and in vitro of glimepiride gel-matrix controlled-release patch / 药学学报

<p><b>AIM</b>To study the pharmaceutical characterization, the pharmacokinetics and relative bioavailability of glimepiride gel-matrix controlled-release patch in rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>An HPLC method was established for the determination of glimepiride in the permeation receptor and patch. The permeation rate and penetration mechanism of glimepiride-TDDS through rabbit skin in vitro was examined. The determination of drug content and the examination of weight difference and stability of the glimepiride-TDDS were carried out. Another HPLC method after pre-column derivatization was developed to determine the glimepiride serum concentration and then employed to study the pharmacokinetics and relative bioavailability of glimepiride after a single dose of oral or patch administration in rats.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The permeation tests through excised rabbit skin demonstrated that the optimized glimepiride controlled-release patch exhibited zero-order kinetic characteristics that satisfied the demands of original design. The determination of glimepiride content and the quality control of weight difference of the patch accorded with Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China of 2000 edition and the pharmaceutical characterization showed good stability. The HPLC method for the determination of serum glimepiride was shown to be a sensitive and simple one. The pharmacokinetic results showed that TDDS could decrease the maximum serum concentration, prolong the peak time, extend the MRT by 5.5 times compared with oral administration and maintain the serum concentration of glimepiride at a higher level even after 120 h of administration. The relative bioavailability of glimepiride-TDDS was 20.3% versus oral administration.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The glimepiride-TDDS showed a slower, longer and smoother serum concentration-time profile, as compared with conventional oral administration in both absorption and elimination phase. As a result, it was evident that the patch exhibited good controlled-release properties.</p>