GLTSCR1, ATM, PPP1R13L and CD3EAP Genetic Variants and Lung Cancer Risk in a Chinese Population / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

Genetic variants in glioma tumor suppressor candidate region gene 1 (GLTSCR1)and ATM serine/threonine kinase (ATM) have been associated with various cancer risks.Epidemiological studies also revealed the association of variants of GLTSCR1 and ATM genes with different brain tumors.However,little is known about the relationship between both gene polymorphisms and lung cancer risk.We conducted a Chinese hospital-based casecontrol study involving 384 lung cancer cases and 387 cancer-free controls.No significant differences in the single polymorphism (GLTSCR1 rs1035938 and ATM rs11212592)association were found in five genetic models (co-dominant,dominant,recessive,overdominant and log-additive models) (adjusted by smoking duration).Join effect of three SNPs (PPP1R13L rs1970764,CD3EAP rs967591,GLTSCR1 rs1035938) on chromosome 19q 13.3 showed that the designated haplotype2 (rs 1970764<rs967591A-rs 1035938c) [OR (95％ CI)=1.60 (1.11-2.32),P=0.012] and haplotype8 (rs 1970764G-rs967591G-rs 1035938T)[OR (95％ CI)=2.45 (1.17-5.12),P=0.018] were associated with increased risk of lung cancer (adjusted by smoking duration).The analysis ofmultifactor dimensionality reduction revealed that two 3-way models were the best fit models in analyses of 2 loci (P＜0.001)or 4 loci (P=0.015-0.016).The entropy-based analysis indicated the strongest synergistic effect between PPP1R13L rs1970764 and ATM rs11212592 in analysis of four genes.In conclusion,our study suggests that haplotypes consisting of PPP1R13L rs1970764-CD3EAP rs967591-GLTSCR1 rs1035938 on Chr19q13.3,interaction of smoking and GLTSCR1 rs1035938-ATM rs11212592,and synergistic action of PPP1R13L rs1970764 and ATMrs11212592 may associate with lung cancer risk in the Chinese population.

GLTSCR1, ATM, PPP1R13L and CD3EAP Genetic Variants and Lung Cancer Risk in a Chinese Population / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

Genetic variants in glioma tumor suppressor candidate region gene 1 (GLTSCR1)and ATM serine/threonine kinase (ATM) have been associated with various cancer risks.Epidemiological studies also revealed the association of variants of GLTSCR1 and ATM genes with different brain tumors.However,little is known about the relationship between both gene polymorphisms and lung cancer risk.We conducted a Chinese hospital-based casecontrol study involving 384 lung cancer cases and 387 cancer-free controls.No significant differences in the single polymorphism (GLTSCR1 rs1035938 and ATM rs11212592)association were found in five genetic models (co-dominant,dominant,recessive,overdominant and log-additive models) (adjusted by smoking duration).Join effect of three SNPs (PPP1R13L rs1970764,CD3EAP rs967591,GLTSCR1 rs1035938) on chromosome 19q 13.3 showed that the designated haplotype2 (rs 1970764<rs967591A-rs 1035938c) [OR (95％ CI)=1.60 (1.11-2.32),P=0.012] and haplotype8 (rs 1970764G-rs967591G-rs 1035938T)[OR (95％ CI)=2.45 (1.17-5.12),P=0.018] were associated with increased risk of lung cancer (adjusted by smoking duration).The analysis ofmultifactor dimensionality reduction revealed that two 3-way models were the best fit models in analyses of 2 loci (P＜0.001)or 4 loci (P=0.015-0.016).The entropy-based analysis indicated the strongest synergistic effect between PPP1R13L rs1970764 and ATM rs11212592 in analysis of four genes.In conclusion,our study suggests that haplotypes consisting of PPP1R13L rs1970764-CD3EAP rs967591-GLTSCR1 rs1035938 on Chr19q13.3,interaction of smoking and GLTSCR1 rs1035938-ATM rs11212592,and synergistic action of PPP1R13L rs1970764 and ATMrs11212592 may associate with lung cancer risk in the Chinese population.

Systematic report on re-evaluating kudiezi injection / 中国中药杂志

There are few articles or reports collecting evidence about Kudiezi injection from premarketing and postmarketing research or studies systematically. This article is an exact miniature of a systematical report about Kudiezi injection. We analyzed information from four aspects, such as quality control reports, non-clinical premarketing safety experiments, postmarketing research (efficacy studies, hospital information system data and national spontaneous reporting system data), and literature analysis. All the four aspects build an evidence body for Kudiezi injection in order to inform its safety use in clinical practice and further study.

Development of acupuncture in Guinea / 中国针灸

Guinea is the first country who established diplomatic relations with P. R. China in sub-Saharan Africa. China and Guinea have maintained good relationship for the past years. Chinese Ministry of Health has sent twenty-one medical teams to Guinea since 1968. This article describes the development of acupuncture in Guinea. Based on the status of acupuncture in the Hospital Ignace Deen, in which the author had worked, the general situation, the current problems, and the development trends of acupuncture treatment in Guinea are introduced. The problems and future development trends of acupuncture in Guinea are discussed.

The role of protein kinase C alpha in recurrence of superficial bladder carcinoma / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the relationship of protein kinase C-alpha (PKCalpha) expression/activation with tumor differentiation and resistance to chemotherapy drugs in superficial bladder carcinoma.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Expression of PKCalpha was measured by Western-blot analysis in 76 samples including tumor and normal tissues, respectively. A human RT4 bladder cancer cell line stably expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP)-PKCalpha (RT4/PKCalpha) was established. The sensitivity of the RT4/PKCalpha and parental cells to adriamycin (ADM) was determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The change of sensitivity of the RT4/PKCalpha to ADM were observed under the conditions of PKC activation and inhibition, respectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Total level of PKCalpha expression and the ratio of the amount of PKCalpha expression or PKC activity in membrane to that in cytosol (M/C) were all more higher in cancerous tissues than in normal tissues (P < 0.01); With the increase of tumor grade, the relative level of PKCalpha expression significantly increased in membrane (P < 0.01) and decreased in cytosol (P < 0.01), M/C of PKCalpha was significantly elevated (P < 0.01), and total relative level of PKCalpha expression significantly increased (P < 0.01). Thirty-eight cases recurred during the follow-up period in total seventy cases. Multivariate analysis showed that high M/C of PKCalpha was independent prognostic factor for tumor recurrence after standard ADM treatment in the 2-year follow-up (RR = 3.98, 95% CI 1.22-5.68, P = 0.03). Transfection of PKCalpha increased resistance of RT4 cells to ADM [resistance index (RI): 6.97, t = 3.24, P < 0.01]. PKCalpha activation further greatly promoted the resistance (RI: 148.11, t = 5.18, P < 0.001) while inhibition of PKCalpha did conversely (RI: 1.6, t = 1.29, P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The abnormal activation and expression level of PKCalpha closely correlate with both tumor grade and intrinsic resistance to ADM in patients with superficial bladder carcinoma.</p>

Expression of lung resistance-related protein gene in transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the role of lung resistance-related protein (LRP) in intrinsic multidrug resistance (MDR) of bladder cancer and detect the relationship of LRP expression with the clinical pathologic parameters.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>66 patients were studied with newly diagnosed primary bladder cancer (T(a) = 12, T(1) = 26, T(2) = 11, T(3) = 10, T(4) = 7; G(1) = 35, G(2) = 19, G(3) = 12). No patient was treated preoperatively with either radiation or chemotherapy. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was performed for measure of mRNA expression for LRP, multidrug-resistance gene 1 (MDR1), and multidrug resist nce-associated protein 1 (MRP1). Expressions of LRP, P53 and P63 proteins were examined by immunohistochemistry staining.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>LRP mRNA had the highest expression rate (64%, 42/66) among three MDR markers in primary bladder cancers without chemotherapy and its level was significantly higher in normal bladder tissue than in TCC of bladder (t = 2.82, P < 0.01), in low grade than in high grade cancers (t = 4.14, P < 0.01), and in superficial than in invasive cancers (t = 3.58, P < 0.05). LRP mRNA expression showed no correlation with either MDR1 or MRP1, but close correlation with LRP protein level (r = 0.89, P < 0.01). LRP was associated with low-grade (r = 0.81, P < 0.01) and low-stage (r = 0.78, P < 0.05) cancers, but not with tumor suppressor P53 or P63 (P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The grade and stage-related expression pattern of LRP indicates that it may be a predictive index for intrinsic MDR in bladder cancer. Anti-cancer drugs out of the MDR spectrum of LRP may be more effective for patients with early bladder cancer.</p>

Study on GC-MS fingerprint analysis in rhizome of volatile oil of Acorus tatarinowii / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish the method of fingerprint analysis on volatile oil in rhizome of Acorus tatarinowii by GC-MS, and to study the main characteristic components.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The main components of 10 samples were determined by GC-MS.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The injector temperature was 250 degrees C. The interface temperature was 230 degrees C. The column flow was 1.3 mL x min(-1). The column pressure was 80 kPa. The detector volt was 1.4 kV. The temperature rate was 3 degrees C x min(-1). And the main characteristic components were composed of the methyleugenol (2.13%), cis-methylisoeugenol (4.48%), trans-methylisoeugenol (0.82%), gamma-asarone (4.51%), beta-asarone (66.15%), alpha-asarone (6.35%). And the RSD of precision and reproducibility and stability was almost in the range of 5%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The method is reliable, accurate and can be used for fingerprint analysis of volatile oil of Acorus tatarinowii.</p>