Nasoethmoid orbital fracture reconstruction using a three-dimensional printing-based craniofacial plate

The face is one of the most important parts of the body. Untreated facial fractures can result in deformities that can be harmful to patients. Three-dimensional (3D) printing is a rapidly evolving technology that has recently been widely applied in the medical field as it can potentially improve patient treatment. Although 3D printing technology is mostly used for craniofacial surgery, some studies have proved that it can be used to treat nasoethmoid orbital fractures. In this study, a patient-customized plate was constructed using a 3D printer and applied in a simulated surgery for the treatment of nasoethmoid orbital fracture.

Comparison of intrinsic exercise capacity and response to acute exercise in ICR (Institute of Cancer Research) mice derived from three different lineages / 한국실험동물학회지

Background@#As a laboratory animal resource, the ICR mouse is commonly used in a variety of research fields. However, information on differences in exercise-related characteristics in ICR mice derived from different lineages and the underlying mechanisms remains to be elucidated. In this study, we investigated the intrinsic exercise capacity and a magnitude of response to acute exercise, and sought to identify mechanisms contributing to difference in Korl:ICR (a novel ICR lineage recently established by the National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Korea) and two commercialized ICR lineages derived from different origins (viz., A:ICR mouse from Orient Bio Com, the United States, and B:ICR mouse from Japan SLC Inc., Japan). @*Results@#Results showed that despite no significant difference in body weight and weight-proportioned tissue mass of heart and skeletal muscles among groups, the relatively low intrinsic exercise capacity and exaggerated response to acute exercise were identified in B:ICR comparted with Korl:ICR and A:ICR, as reflected by total work and lactate threshold (LT). Also, the mitochondrial efficiency expressed as the complex 1 and complex 1 + 2 respiratory control ratio (RCR) values for cardiac mitochondrial O 2 consumption in B:ICR was significantly lower than that in Korl:ICR with higher level of state 2 respiration by glutamate/malate and UCP3 expression in cardiac muscle. @*Conclusions@#Taken together, these results indicate that the intrinsic exercise capacity of ICR mouse varies according to lineages, suggesting the role of cardiac mitochondrial coupling efficiency as a possible mechanism that might contribute to differences in the intrinsic exercise capacity and magnitude of response to exercise.

Comparison of intrinsic exercise capacity and response to acute exercise in ICR (Institute of Cancer Research) mice derived from three different lineages / 한국실험동물학회지

Background@#As a laboratory animal resource, the ICR mouse is commonly used in a variety of research fields. However, information on differences in exercise-related characteristics in ICR mice derived from different lineages and the underlying mechanisms remains to be elucidated. In this study, we investigated the intrinsic exercise capacity and a magnitude of response to acute exercise, and sought to identify mechanisms contributing to difference in Korl:ICR (a novel ICR lineage recently established by the National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Korea) and two commercialized ICR lineages derived from different origins (viz., A:ICR mouse from Orient Bio Com, the United States, and B:ICR mouse from Japan SLC Inc., Japan). @*Results@#Results showed that despite no significant difference in body weight and weight-proportioned tissue mass of heart and skeletal muscles among groups, the relatively low intrinsic exercise capacity and exaggerated response to acute exercise were identified in B:ICR comparted with Korl:ICR and A:ICR, as reflected by total work and lactate threshold (LT). Also, the mitochondrial efficiency expressed as the complex 1 and complex 1 + 2 respiratory control ratio (RCR) values for cardiac mitochondrial O 2 consumption in B:ICR was significantly lower than that in Korl:ICR with higher level of state 2 respiration by glutamate/malate and UCP3 expression in cardiac muscle. @*Conclusions@#Taken together, these results indicate that the intrinsic exercise capacity of ICR mouse varies according to lineages, suggesting the role of cardiac mitochondrial coupling efficiency as a possible mechanism that might contribute to differences in the intrinsic exercise capacity and magnitude of response to exercise.

Correction of Minor-Form and Microform Cleft Lip Using Modified Muscle Overlapping with a Minimal Skin Incision

BACKGROUND: In treating minor-form or microform cleft lip, obtaining an optimal result is a challenge because of the visible scarring caused by traditional surgery. We present a refined method using muscle overlapping with a minimal skin incision in patients younger than 3 years, a group characterized by thin muscle. METHODS: The surgical technique involves restoration of the notched vermillion using Z-plasty, formation of the philtral column using overlapping of an orbicularis oris muscle flap through an intraoral incision, and correction of the cleft lip nasal deformity using a reverse-U incision and V-Y plasty. A single radiologist evaluated ultrasonographic images of the upper lip. RESULTS: Sixty patients were treated between September 2008 and June 2014. The age at the time of operation ranged from 6 to 36 months (mean, 26 months). The follow-up period ranged from 8 to 38 months (mean, 20 months) in minor-form cases and from 14 to 64 months (mean, 37 months) in microform cases. A notched cupid's bow was corrected in 10 minor-form cases and 50 microform cases. Ultrasonographic images were obtained from 3 patients with minor-form cleft lip and 9 patients with microform cleft lip 12 months after surgery. The average muscle thickness was 4.5 mm on the affected side and 4.1 mm on the unaffected side. CONCLUSIONS: The advantages of the proposed procedure include the creation of an anatomically natural philtrum with minimal scarring. This method also preserves the continuity and function of the muscle and provides sufficient augmentation of the philtral column and nostril sill.

Immediate Breast Reconstruction Using Silicone Implants in Previously Augmented Patients

BACKGROUND: Augmentation mammoplasty is rapidly becoming one of the most frequently performed cosmetic surgeries. Consequently, the number of breast cancer patients with a history of breast augmentation surgery will increase. The purpose of this study is to report our experience of breast reconstruction in augmented women and discuss their treatment characteristics. METHODS: From March 2010 to August 2015, 7 patients who had previously undergone breast augmentation were treated at our institution. Epidemiologic data as well as data regarding body mass index, types of mastectomy, and complication were recorded and analyzed. RESULTS: The mean age was 43.4 years, the average follow-up period was 21 months, and the mean body mass index (BMI) was 19.3 kg/m2, the average weight of the mastectomy specimen was 150 g. Implant-based immediate breast reconstruction after skin-sparing mastectomy was performed in seven patients and in four of these patients, acellular dermal matrix (ADM) was used. One patient had a capsular contracture of Baker grade II. One patient had seroma. CONCLUSIONS: Previously augmented patients tend to have a slender abdomen and back. Moreover, Asians have a smaller body frame and lower muscle and fat percentage than westerners, making it more suitable for implant-based reconstruction than autologous tissue. It can be recommended as a surgical method as our patients were highly satisfied with the cosmetic outcomes.

A Comparative Study of the in vivo Wear of Zirconia and Metal Heads Articulating with Polyethylene Liners in Total Hip Arthroplasty / 대한정형외과학회잡지

PURPOSE: The purposes of this paper was to determine the wear rates and volumetric wears of ceramic (Zirconia) and metal (Cobalt-chrome) femoral heads, and to differentiate creep from true wear. Another purpose was to determine the extent of wear and volumetric wear per annum. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We examined 86 patients (111 hips) who were continuously followed up from 180 patients (225 hips) who received THRA with AVN of stage III or above at our hospital. Patients were followed until December 1999 for more than a minimum of 3 years from June for 1996. The hip joint AP radiographs that had been taken immediately after the operations, six weeks postoperatively and annually thereafter were compared. We used the computer assisted vector wear analysis program of Martell to measure the wear rate, volumetric wear and vector wear. RESULTS: The wear rate and the volumetric wear in the zirconia ceramic head group (1.443 mm/year, 665.433 mm3/year) and metal head group (2.161 mm/year, 1271.831 mm3/year) were high immediately after operation and six weeks postoperatively, and this was significantly more than during all for other periods, giving a wear rate and volumetric wear in the ceramic head group of 0.180 mm/year and 81.101 mm3/year, and in the metal head group of 0.219 mm/year and 124.149 mm3/year. Moreover, the average wear rates and volumetric wear rates of these two groups were significantly different, and annual wear and volumetric wears showed a trend to decrease with time. CONCLUSION: Wear rate and volumetric wear six weeks after operation were remarkably high compared with the other periods. This is interpreted as the result of a creep phenomenon, which occurred mainly during the six weeks following the operation. The Zirconia ceramic head group showed little wear, which confirms the theoretical advantage of the zirconia ceramic head in vivo.

Changes of Clinical Outcomes after Decompression and Fusion for Spinal Stenosis during 2-Year Follow-up Periods / 대한척추외과학회지

STUDY DESIGN: A prospective study OBJECTIVE: To assess the clinical outcomes after the surgical treatment of spinal stenosis, using patient-centered measurements at the serial follow-up times. SUMMARY OF LITERATURE REVIEW: Patient-centered measurements are appropriate to assess the clinical outcomes of surgery for spinal stenosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-seven patients underwent posterior decompression and posterolateral fusion, with an iliac autograft using pedicle screw instrumentation. They were assessed for their pain using a visual analog scale, and the Oswestry disability index for the preoperative functional disability, at 6 weeks, 3 and 6 months, and at 1 and 2 years, postoperatively. RESULTS: The pain, as measured by the visual analog scale, was 7.42 points before the operation, and 4.12 and 2.76 six weeks and 1 year after the operation, respectively. Compared with the pre-operation scores, 44% has improved after 6 weeks, and 73% after a year. The functional disability, as measured by the Oswestry disability index, was 56.5% before the operation, and 32.13 and 20.1% three months and 1 year after the operation. Compared with the pre-operation, 43% recovered after 3 months, and 65% after a year. The state of recovery state in the functional disability continued for 2 years after the operation. The disability recovered more slowly than the pain. CONCLUSIONS: Patient-centered measurements were found to be appropriate for assessing the clinical outcomes to surgery for spinal stenosis. After decompression and fusion for spinal stenosis, the pain and functional disability both improved for 1 year after the operation, with no worsening in the postoperative improvements at 2 years.

Local Bone versus Autogenous Iliac Bone Graft for Posterolateral Lumbar Fusion in the Same Patient / 대한척추외과학회지

STUDY DESIGN: A prospective study. OBJECTIVES: To determine the usefulness of local bone obtained from laminectomy and decortication as graft bone instead of autogenous iliac bone in posterolateral lumbar spinal fusion. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-one patients underwent posterolateral lumbar spinal fusion with pedicle screw instrumentation. Local bone was inserted in the right side of intertransverse space and autogenous iliac bone was in the left side. We compared fusion rate in the radiographs at postoperative 6 week, 3 month, 6 month and 1 year. RESULTS: Radiographic fusion grading of local bone was 20 cases of grade 1, 8 cases of grade 2, 2 cases of grade 3 and 1 case of grade 4. Fusion grading of autogenous iliac bone was 24 cases of grade 1, 4 cases of grade 2 and 3 cases of grade 3. Bone fusion was complete after 9.1 months in local bone and 7.2 months in autogenous iliac bone. No significant differences was found between the two groups. CONCLUSION: The local bone in posterolateral lumbar fusion is appropriate for satisfactory fusion instead of autogenous iliac bone if the amount of local bone is sufficient and decortication of the fusion bed is proper.

Prognostic Factors Related to Meniscal Healing in Arthroscopic Meniscal Repair / 대한정형외과학회잡지

PURPOSE: This study analyzed the significant prognostic factors in terms of age, rupture side (lateral or medial), existence of associated lesion, length and zone-that affect clinical healing after meniscal repair. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data were obtained from 55 patients who had been observed at least for 18 months after meniscal repair. Healing was decided based on the patients'clinical symptoms, and analyses were made according to clinical data. RESULTS: The clinical healing rate of meniscal repairs was found to be 82% (45 patients), and was higher in ruptures accompanied by anterior cruciate ligament injury than meniscus rupture alone, when the length of the meniscal rupture was less than 2 cm. Age and rupture side (lateral or medial, peripheral or central) had no significant effect upon clinical healing. CONCLUSION: The length of meniscal rupture and meniscal rupture associated with ACL were found to be infinately correlated with good prognosis, but age, site, and zone of meniscal rupture probably do not affect prognosis.

Different Patterns of Meniscal Tears in Recent Anterior Cruciate Ligament ( ACL ) Ruptures and Chronic ACL-deficient Knees / 대한정형외과학회잡지

PURPOSE: We tried to outline the incidence and characteristics of meniscal tears in recent lesions and chronic insufficiency of the ACL. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Through this retrospective study of 103 reconstructions of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) performed between Jun 1996 to Sep 1998, according to a more accurate evaluation, ACL-deficient knees can be classified into two different stages (recent, chronic injuries). RESULTS: Overall, there was a significantly increasing incidence of meniscal tears in chronic injuries (P<0.05). A predominance of lateral meniscal tears were demonstrated with recent injuries, whereas the incidence of medial meniscal tears increased significantly with chronic injuries (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: This study highlights the increase of lateral meniscal lesion in recent ACL rupture and increase of severe meniscal lesion, especially medial meniscus, with progressive worsening of knee instability after an ACL injury. Although not significant, meniscal tears in the recent injuries were more amenable to repair. The results suggest that maximal meniscal preservation is best achieved with ACL reconstruction shortly after injury.

Peripheral Vascular Disease in Patients with Significant Coronary Artery Disease

BACKGROUND: Although it is known that patients wth peripheral vascular disease are at high risk for coronary arterial disease, however, it has not been determined that patients with coronary artery disease(CAD) correlates with peripheral vascular disease(PVD). This study was designed to determine the prevalence and clinical characteristics of peripheral vascular disease(PVD) in patients with coronary artery disease(CAD). METHODS: A total of one hundred seventy-eight patients with CAD confirmed by coronary angiogram(145 male, age 58.5+/-10.1) were included in this study from February 1992 to May 1994. Coronary and peripheral angiograms were performed in all patients and the patients were divided into two groups; patients with PVD dand patients without PVD. Clinical characteristics were compared between two groups. RESULTS: Peripheral vascular disease was present in 49 patients(27.5%) among 178 CAD patients. The mean age of patients with PVD was significantly older than that of patients without PVD. The hypertension was statistically significant difference between two groups(P<0.05). There were no major differences in the number of risk factors or number of stenotic coronary arteries in patients with and without PVD. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of PVD in patients with CAD was high and it is reasonable to state that most common risk factors for coronary and peripheral atherosclerosis were age, hypertension and obesity.

Morphological Characteristics and Left Ventricular Function in Patients with Lone Atrial Fibrillation

BACKGROUND: Lone atrial fibrillation(LAF) is defined by the presence of atrial fibrillation(AF) in the absence of any other clinical evidence to suggest a primary cardiac disease. In general, it has been accepted that LAF is a benign from of AF, but there is some evidence that LAF may induce atrial enlargement and left ventricular dysfunction. Atrial enlargement has also been reported to reduce the success rate of cardioversion to sinus rhythm, and in addition thrombus formation is more likely to occur in larger atria. Therefore this study was designed to detect any structural characteristics or functional abnormality in patients with LAF. METHOD: Twenty six patients with LAF(19 men and 7 women ; age 52±12 years) were studied by echocardiography and compared with 12 normal persons(2 men and 10 women ; age 47±7 years). Patients were divided into recurrent paroxysmal group(11 patients) and chronic group(15 patients) according to the character of LAF. Three orthogonal dimensions of both left atrium(LA) and right atrium(RA) were measured echocardiographically, and atrial volume was calculated. Peak early diastolic transmitral inflow velocity(E), peak velocity during atrial contraction(A), and deceleration time(DT) of E wave measured by Doppler echocardiography. RESULTS: Cardiac abnormalities in patients include trivial mitral regurgitation(12 cases), trivial tricuspid regurgitation(8 cases), senile aortic valve sclerosis(7 cases), and mild senile calcification of mitral annulus(1 case) and papillary moscle(1 case). LA volume(65.1±32.8 vs 38.3±10.4cm2, p < 0.01), RA volume(65.6±23.0 vs 38.7± 10.3cm2, p < 0.01), and DT(216±32 vs 194±19msec, p < 0.05) were significantly increased in patients with LAF as compared with the cotrol group. RA volume(54.2±16.6 vs 38.7±10.3cm2, p < 0.05) and DT(231±23 vs 194±19msec) were significantly increased, and E/A(1.1±0.4 vs 1.4±0.3 p < 0.05) was signficantly decreased in the parxysmal group as compared with the control group. LA volume(78.4±33.9 vs 46.9±21.3cm2, p < 0.01) and RA volume(74.0±23.9 vs 54.2±16.6cm2, p < 0.05) were significantly increased and left ventricular ejection fraction(60±7 vs 68±6%, p < 0.01) tended to be decreased in the chronic group as compared with the paroxysmal group. CONCLUSION: Atrial enlargement and left ventricular diastolic dysfunction were noted in patients with LAF. The degree of atrial enlargement in the chronic group was much more than that in the paroxysmal group. We conclude that LAF per se is associated with both atrial enlargement. Left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in these patients needs to be further investigated.

Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty for Coronary Artery Stenosis in an Adult Kawasaki Disease with Coronary Aneurysm : A Case Report and Review

We experience coronary artery aneurysm and coronary artery stenosis in an adult as complications of Kawasaki disease. The patient suffered from ischemic heart disease due to coronary artery aneurysm and stenosis, We carried out PTCA and stenting at stenotic coronary artery successfully. A brief review of related literature was made.

A study on the circulation of CD34+ cells in the peripheral blood of chemotherapy-treated patients with acute leukemia during bone marrow recovery - preliminary study for peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (1) - / 대한혈액학회지

No abstract available.