ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To discuss blood collection tubes with different additives and their effects on the testing results of alcohol concentration in blood samples.@*METHODS@#Blood samples from 10 volunteers were collected 2 hours after drinking with seven different types of disposable vacuum blood collection tubes, including ordinary tube without anticoagulant, coagulant tube, separating gel-coagulant tube, sodium citrate (1:4) tube, sodium citrate (1:9) tube, sodium citrate (9:1) tube and EDTA-K2 tube. The alcohol concentrations in these blood samples were analyzed by headspace gas chromatography.@*RESULTS@#The concentration testing results of the same blood samples in different types of tubes were different from one to another. The sequence was as follows: separating gel-coagulant tube > coagulant tube > ordi- nary tube without anticoagulant > EDTA-K2 tube> sodium citrate (1:9) tube> sodium citrate (1:4) tube, whereas the results of the same blood sample in sodium citrate (1:9) tube and sodium citrate (9:1) tube showed no obvious difference.@*CONCLUSION@#It is better to collect a suspicious drunk driver's blood sam- ple using a disposable vacuum blood collection tube, with the EDTA-K2 tube being preferred.
Subject(s)
Humans , Anticoagulants , Blood Specimen Collection/methods , Citrates , Ethanol/blood , Sodium CitrateABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#The extraction method for separating buprenorphine from urine was described.@*METHODS@#Buprenorphine was extracted with chloroform at pH7 or with SPE (extracted by organic support 401 at pH10.8, then eluted with chloroform), finally determined by GC-NPD.@*RESULTS@#The extracted yields of the analyte in specimens were 86.6% by solution-phase extraction and 83.0% by solid-phase extraction (SPE) respectively.@*CONCLUSION@#These two methods are simple and accurate for separating buprenorphine from urine.
Subject(s)
Humans , Buprenorphine/urine , Chlorpropham/chemistry , Chromatography, Gas/methods , Chromatography, Liquid/methods , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration , Reproducibility of Results , Solid Phase Extraction/methods , Solvents/chemistryABSTRACT
Objective To detect the levels of cytokine IL-2,IL-12,IFN-?and IL-4 secreted by peripheral CD8~+ T lymphocytes in patients with condyloma acuminatum (CA).Methods Flow cytometry was employed to study the expression of cytokines IL-2,-12,INF-?and IL-4 in CD8~+ T lymphocytes in the peripheral blood of 60 patients with CA and 20 healthy controls.Results The percentage of CD8~+ T lym- phocytes producing IL-2,IL-12 and IFN-?were significantly lower in CA patients than that in healthy con- trols (P