Treatments for prolonged disorder of consciousness in recent five years: a visualized analysis / 中国康复理论与实践

ObjectiveTo investigate the current landscape and hotspots on researches about treatment of prolonged disorder of consciousness (pDOC) in the recent five years, and forecast the trends. MethodsLiterature about treatment of pDOC was retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection database, from January 1st, 2019, to June 7th, 2023. The data were analyzed with CiteSpace 5.8.R3 to create knowledge maps for authors, countries, institutions, keywords, references, co-cited authors and co-cited literature. ResultsA total of 411 articles were included. Aurore Thibaut was the most influential author, Belgium was the most influential country, and Harvard Medical School was the institution with the most publications. The researches focused on neuromodulation, prognostic assessment and care, and management of swallowing function. The neuromodulation techniques mainly included transcranial direct current stimulation, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, deep brain stimulation and transcutaneous auricular vague nerve stimulation. In the coming years, the researches trended to explore neuromodulation and mechanisms of consciousness recovery, and the main neuromodulation techniques might be deep brain stimulation and transcutaneous auricular vague nerve stimulation. ConclusionThe researches about treatment of pDOC are increasing, mainly focusing on neuromodulation, prognostic evaluation, nursing care, and training for swallowing function. More researches would focus on neuromodulation and mechanisms for restoring consciousness.

Study on the mechanism of modified Xianfang huoming decoction relieving sepsis-induced liver injury in rats / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE To explore the mechanism of modified Xianfang huoming decoction in the treatment of sepsis- induced liver injury from the perspective of gut microbiota and metabolites. METHODS Sixty SD rats were divided into blank group （normal saline）， model group （normal saline）， positive control drug group （Dexamethasone tablet， 5.0 mg/kg）， modified Xianfang huoming decoction high-dose， middle-dose and low-dose groups （6.0， 3.0， 1.5 g/kg， calculated by crude drug） according to equilibrium-partitioning approach of body mass， with 10 rats in each group. They were given relevant drug/normal saline 10 mL/ kg， once a day， for consecutive 14 days. After the last medication， except for blank group， other groups were given intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide 10 mg/kg to induce sepsis model. Twelve hours after modeling， serum levels of inflammatory indexes in rats [interleukin-1β （IL-1β）， IL-6， tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）] and liver function indicators [total cholesterol （TC）， triglyceride （TG）， aspartate transaminase （AST）， alanine transaminase （ALT）] were detected. The changes of gut microbiota and liver metabolites in rats were analyzed by 16S rRNA technology and liver metabolomics. RESULTS Modified Xianfang huoming decoction could significantly improve the indexes of serum inflammatory indexes and liver function in rats with sepsis-induced liver injury （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）； there was a significant callback effect on the relative abundance of 11 genera of bacteria （such as Akkermansia， Lactobacillus and Bilophila） among the 5 dominant phyla（P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. Twelve metabolites related to liver injury caused by sepsis were identified， such as glycine cholic acid， phosphatidylcholine， taurine （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）， mainly involving glycerol phospholipid metabolism， purine metabolism and primary bile acid metabolism. CONC LUSIONS Modified Xianfang huoming decoction can improve liver injury induced by sepsis by regulating gut microbiota and liver metabolites.

Inhibitory effect of berberine on a nude mouse model of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma and its mechanisms / 中华皮肤科杂志

Objective:To evaluate the effect of berberine on the volume and weight of, cell proliferation and apoptosis in transplanted cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) in nude mice inoculated with A431 cells, and to explore the possible mechanism underlying the inhibitory effect of berberine on cSCC.Methods:A431 cells were cultured, and A431 cell suspension was subcutaneously injected into the back of 20 nude mice to establish a nude mouse model of transplanted cSCC. On day 15 after inoculation, these tumor-bearing mice were randomly and equally divided into 4 groups: low-, medium- and high-dose berberine groups intraperitoneally injected with 10, 20 and 25 mg/kg berberine solution respectively, and control group intraperitoneally injected with sodium chloride physiological solution. The treatment was performed once a day for 35 consecutive days. The tumor volume was measured before, and on days 7, 14, 21, 28 and 35 after the start of treatment. After the end of the experiment, the nude mice were sacrificed, and the tumors were removed and weighed to calculate the tumor growth inhibition rate. Histopathological examination was performed in these transplanted tumors, immunohistochemical study was conducted to determine the expression of Ki67, TUNNEL staining was conducted to determine the number of apoptotic cells in the transplanted tumor tissues, fluorescence-based quantitative PCR and Western blot analysis were employed to determine the mRNA and protein expression of apoptosis-related proteins Bax, Bcl-2, caspase-3 and Ezrin respectively. One-way analysis of variance was used for comparisons among multiple groups, and Dunnett- t test for comparisons of each berberine group with the control group. Results:Along with the increase in the dose of berberine and treatment duration, the tumor growth curve gradually became flat, the tumor growth was inhibited to different degrees in the berberine groups, and the high-dose berberine showed the strongest inhibitory effect on the tumor growth. The tumor growth inhibition rate was 31.05%, 66.68%, 76.49% in the low-, medium-, and high-dose berberine groups respectively, and the tumor weight was significantly lower in the 3 berberine groups than in the control group ( t = 4.07, 6.33, 7.26, respectively, all P < 0.01) . Along with the increase in the dose of berberine, histopathological examination of the transplanted tumors showed that the extent and area of tumor cell necrosis increased, while immunohistochemical study showed that the number of Ki67-positive cells gradually decreased. Moreover, the number of Ki67-positive cells was significantly lower in the low-, medium- and high-dose berberine groups than in the control group (all P < 0.01) , but the number of apoptotic cells was significantly higher in the berberine groups than in the control group ( P < 0.05 or < 0.01) . The mRNA and protein expression of Bax, Bcl-2, caspase-3 and Ezrin significantly differed among the 4 groups (all P < 0.01) . In addition, the mRNA expression of Bcl-2 was significantly lower in the low-, medium- and high-dose berberine groups than in the control group (all P < 0.01) , and the protein expression of Bcl-2 was significantly lower in the medium- and high-dose berberine groups than in the control group (both P < 0.01) ; Bax mRNA expression in the high-dose berberine group and caspase-3 mRNA expression in the medium- and high-dose berberine groups were significantly higher than the corresponding mRNAs in the control group respectively ( P < 0.05 or < 0.01) , and the protein expression of Bax and caspase-3 was significantly higher in the low-, medium- and high-dose berberine groups than in the control group (all P < 0.01) ; Ezrin mRNA expression was significantly higher in the high-dose berberine group than in the control group ( P < 0.01) , but its protein expression was significantly lower in the low-, medium-, and high-dose berberine groups than in the control group (all P < 0.01) . Conclusion:Berberine can inhibit the proliferation of A431 cells and promote their apoptosis in the transplanted cSCC of the nude mice, and then suppress the growth of transplanted cSCC in the nude mice to a certain extent, which may be related to the upregulation of Bax and caspase-3 and downregulation of Bcl-2 and Ezrin.

Influencing factors of no seeking medical treatment among pneumoconiosis patients / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

Objective@#To study the causes and influencing factors of no seeking medical treatment among pneumoconiosis patients.@*Methods@#Using stratified sampling method and typical survey method, we carried out the questionnaire survey in nine provinces in China including the east, the medium and the western region using a questionnaire on the seeking medical behavior pf pneumoconiosis patients and the influencing factors. The subjects include occupational pneumoconiosis cases and clinically diagnosed cases and the response rate is 94.3 percent. The data was entered twice with epidate3.1 and error detection and statistical analysis was completed with SPSS 20.0. Chi-square test was used for univariate analysis, and multivariate logistic regression was used for multivariate analysis.@*Results@#One thousand and thirty-seven subjects were investigated with average age 55.9±11.2 years. Seventy percent of them were silicosis and 21.9 percent were coal worker’s pneumoconiosis with 67.5 percent of them residing permanently in the countryside, and 37.9 percent of their education background were primary school culture and 33.1 percent of them had junior high school culture. Thirty two point six percent of respondents had no personal income with a median monthly income of 1 200 yuan. Four hundred and thirty four of subjects hadn't seek medical treatment since they got the pneumoconiosis accounting for 41.9 percent with three hundred and thirty seven of them hospitalized directly. The reasons of no seeking medical treatment for the respondents mainly include the self-induction symptoms lighter, the high cost of treatment and cannot claiming the payment of the medical expenses, buying drugs in drugstore, thinking that no medicine can cure pneumoconiosis or no effect, complex procedures, too far away from medical institutions, no unaccompanied, needing a long time or no time, communication disorders, etc. accounting for 44.4 percent, 24.6 percent, 10.9 percent, 9.1 percent, 6.9 percent, 4.4percent, 3.2 percent, 2.9 percent, 1.9 percent, 1.5 percent, respectively. The results of multivariate analysis showed the main characteristics of subjects with restrictions to the outpatient health service utilization are as follows: demographic sociological indicators such as registered permanent residence area is western (ORwestern=2.18, 95%CI:1.38-3.43) , more than seventy five years old (ORover 75=6.82, 95%CI:2.04-22.9) , unemployment, temporary or permanent employment (OR unemployment=1.90, 95%CI:1.17-3.08; ORtemporary employment=3.11, 95%CI:1.57-6.14; ORpermanent employment=2.10, 95%CI:1.18-3.74) , self-rated health score of 50 or above (ORself-rated-70=2.04, 95%CI:1.18-3.51; ORself-rated-90=3.00, 95%CI:1.97-5.37; ORself-rated 90=2.95, 95%CI:1.74-8.07) ; with increase to the outpatient health service utilization are breath with difficulty (OR=0.57, 95%CI:0.41-0.78) , emphysema (OR=0.48, 95%CI:0.26-0.90) , hospitalized with pneumo-coniosis (OR=0.12, 95%CI:0.07-0.20) .@*Conclusion@#Pneumoconiosis patients no covered by injury insurance should be orderly included in the basic medical security system, and be given the medical treatment actively; It should be strengthened the health management for the pneumoconiosis patients and correctly guided the utilization of medical services.

A study on mechanism underlying the inhibition of berberine on proliferation of human melanoma A375 cells / 中华皮肤科杂志

Objective To evaluate the effect of berberine on the expression of cell cycle-related miRNA and its target gene in human melanoma A375 cells.Methods In vitro cultured A375 cells were classified into several groups to be treated with berberine at different concentrations of 0 (blank control group),20,40,60,80,and 100 μmol/L,respectively,for 48 hours.qRT-PCR was performed to determine the mRNA expression of miRNA-582-5p and its target gene cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1),miRNA-188-5p and its target gene CDK2,Cyclin D1 and Cyclin A.Western blot analysis was conducted to measure the protein expression of cell cycle-related proteins CDK1,CDK2,Cyclin D1 and Cyclin A.Results qRT-PCR showed that compared with the blank control group,the 20 and 40 μmol/L berberine groups had a similar expression of miRNA-582-5p (both P ＞ 0.05),but the 60 and 80 μmol/L berberine groups had a significantly up-regulated expression of miRNA-582-5p (both P ＜ 0.05).Compared with the blank control group,all the 5 berberine groups had a significantly increased expression of miRNA-188-5p (F =22.600,P =0.002).However,the mRNA expression of CDK2,CDK1,Cyclin A and Cyclin D1 gradually decreased along with the increase of berberine concentrations (F =51.976,248.510,626.671 and 312.740,respectively,all P ＜ 0.001).Western blot analysis revealed that berberine decreased the protein expression of CDK1,CDK2,Cyclin D1 and Cyclin A (F =138.124,110.966,278.772 and 140.167,all P ＜ 0.001).Conclusion Berberine can decrease the expression of cell cycle-related proteins CDK1,CDK2,Cyclin D1 and Cyclin A,likely by decreasing their mRNA expression and increasing the expression of miRNA-582-5p and miRNA-188-5p,and then block the cell cycle progression of A375 cells and inhibit the growth of tumor.

Association of rs27044, rs30187 and rs26653 single nucleotide polymorphisms in the endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase 1 gene with psoriasis vulgaris in a Chinese Han population / 中华皮肤科杂志

Objective To investigate the association between endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase 1 (ERAP1)gene polymorphisms and psoriasis vulgaris (PsV)in a Chinese Han population. Methods Five milliliters of venous blood samples were collected from 289 patients with PsV and 292 human controls of Han nationality after informed consent. Three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)in the encoding area of the ERAP1 gene, including rs27044, rs30187 and rs26653, were genotyped by ligase detection reaction (LDR). With the PLINK 1.07 package, statistical analysis was carried out by using the chi-square test for comparisons of allele and genotype frequencies between the patient group and control group. The allelic odds ratio (OR)and its 95% confidence interval (CI)were calculated. In addition, haplotype analysis was conducted with the Haploview software. Results The frequencies of rs30187-C and rs26653-G alleles were significantly lower in the patient group (0.460 2 and 0.430 8 respectively), especially in patients with early-onset PsV(0.448 5 and 0.422 7 respectively), than in the control group(0.534 2 and 0.501 7 respectively, all P <0.05). The SNPs rs27044, rs30187 and rs26653 showed strong linkage disequilibrium with each other (r2 ≥ 0.717, D′ ≥0.962). Genotype analysis showed that the frequency of the rs30187 CC genotype was significantly lower in the patient group, especially in patients with early-onset PsV, than in the control group (P < 0.05 and 0.016 7 respectively)under a recessive mode of inheritance. Haplotype analysis revealed that the frequency of the haplotype H4: CTC was significantly increased in the patient group(0.050), especially in patients with early-onset PsV(0.052), compared with the control group (0.022, P < 0.05 and 0.016 7 respectively). Conclusions ERAP1 gene polymorphisms are associated with PsV, especially with early-onset PsV in Chinese Han population. The risk haplotype H4: CTC may be a susceptible factor for PsV.

Clinical efficacy of combination therapy of Tamsulosin plus Tolterodine sustained-release capsules on benign prostatic hyperplasia with overactive bladder in elderly men / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of combination therapy of cholinergic receptor blocker Tolterodine and Alpha-adrenergic receptor blocker Tamsulosin sustained-release capsules on benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH)with overactive bladder(OAB) in elderly men.Methods A total of 97 male BPH patients aged 80 years and over(80～98 years old,mean 87.7 years old)were enrolled in this study,who met the diagnosis and treatment guidelines of OAB formulated by Chinese Urological Association and were admitted to our hospital from Jan.2015 to July.2015.Patients were randomly divided into Tamsulosin group(n＝ 51,treated with Tamsulosin) and combination group(n＝ 46,treated with Tamsulosin and Tolterodine).Results In Tamsulosin group after treatment,the international prostate symptom score(IPSS) was reduced from (18.3 ± 2.7) to (13.3 ± 3.1) (t ＝ 14.94,P ＜ 0.05),OAB symptom score(OABSS) from (9.3 ± 2.7) to (6.8 ± 1.9) (t ＝ 3.92,P ＜ 0.05),and post void residual volume(PVRV)from(36.5±32.3)ml to(16.2±12.1)ml(t＝14.98,P＜0.01).And the daily frequency of urgency,urgency incontinence and nocturia were improved in Tamsulosin group after treatment.IPSS,OABSS and PVRV were improved more significantly in combination group after treatment than in Tamsulosin group,and the daily frequency of urgency,urgency incontinence and nocturia were reduced more significantly in combination group than in tamsulosin group(t＝-5.23,-3.98,9.01,11.5,14.8,P＜0.01).While there was no significant difference in prostate volume (PV)and PVRV between the two groups after 8 weeks of treatment(t＝ 1.22,-0.94,P＞0.05).The total incidences of adverse events (mainly mouth dryness)had no significant differences between the Tamsulosingroup and the combination group(8.7％ vs.5.9％,x2 ＝99.47,P＞0.05).No acute urinary retention was found in the two groups.Conclusions The combination therapy of Tamsulosin and Tolterodine has better efficacy and safety than single Tamsulosin application in the treatment of BPH with OAB in elderly men.

Effect of PAK4-LIMK1-cofilin signaling on non-small-cell lung cancer mi-gration and invasion / 中国病理生理杂志

AIM:To explore the mechanism of p21-activated kinase 4 (PAK4) on non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) migration and invasion.METHODS:After A549 and NCI-H520 cell lines were transfected with PAK4-siRNA or negative control , the expression of PAK4 at mRNA and protein levels was detected by real-time PCR and Western blot , re-spectively .The invasion and migration of A 549 cells and NCI-H520 cells were measured by Matrigel invasion assay and Transwell migration assay.LIMK1, cofilin, and their respective phosphorylation were examined by Western blot .The inter-action of PAK4 and LIMK1 was investigated by co-immunoprecipitation assay .The relationship between PAK4 and LIMK1 phosphorylation was examined by a protein kinase assay in the A 549 cells and NCI-H520 cells.The expression of PAK4 and p-LIMK1 in 10 human NSCLC tissues was examined by Western blot .A549 cells and NCI-H520 cells were individually or commonly transfected with PAK4-siRNA or LIMK1 plasmid in order to observe the cell migration and invasion .RE-SULTS:After A549 cells and NCI-H520 cells were transfected with PAK4-siRNA for 48 h, the expression of PAK4 at mR-NA and protein levels , and the numbers of invasion and migration cells in PAK 4-siRNA group were lower than those in con-trol group.Compared with control group , the phosphorylation of LIMK1 and cofilin was lower in PAK4-siRNA group, whereas the total expression levels of LIMK 1 and cofilin did not change .The results of co-immunoprecipitation assays showed that PAK4 specifically interacted with LIMK1 in A549 and NCI-H520 cells.LIMK1 phosphorylation in the presence of PAK4 (K350M) was significantly lower than that in the presence of PAK 4 (WT) or PAK4 (S445N) in the protein ki-nase assay.The PAK4 upregulation was positively correlated with the level of p-LIMK1 (P<0.05).After A549 cells and NCI-H520 cells were co-transfected with PAK4-siRNA and LIMK1 plasmid, the migration and invasion cell numbers in co-transfection group were higher than those in PAK 4-siRNA transfection group .CONCLUSION: PAK4 promotes the inva-sive and migratory abilities of NSCLC , which is mediated by LIMK 1 phosphorylation .

Expression and clinical significance of PAK4 in non-small cell lung cancer / 中国病理生理杂志

AIM:To investigate the expression and clinical significance of PAK4 in the cell lines and tissues of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).METHODS:PAK4 expression in human bronchial epithelial (HBE) cells, NSCLC cell lines, NSCLC tissues and adjacent non-tumor tissues were assessed by immunohistochemistry, real-time PCR and Western blot.Prognostic value of PAK4 expression was evaluated by Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox regression.RE-SULTS:PAK4 was over-expressed in the NSCLC cell lines at both mRNA and protein levels compared with HBE cells ( P<0.05).PAK4 was over-expressed in the NSCLC tissues at both mRNA and protein levels compared with adjacent non-tumor tissues (P<0.05).PAK4 was over-expressed in the metastatic NSCLC tissues compared with the primary NSCLC tissues (P<0.05).Higher PAK4 staining scores were positively correlated with differentiation, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, and clinical stage.Kaplan-Meier analysis and log-rank test showed that overall survival was significantly different between the patients with up-regulated PAK4 and the patients with down-regulated PAK4 ( P<0.05) .PAK4 over-expression was associated with NSCLC progression.CONCLUSION:Increased PAK4 expression was associated with tumor invasion, metastasis and prognosis in the patients with NSCLC.PAK4 is an important prognostic marker and potential ther-apeutic target in NSCLC.

Effects of health management of stomatology on the marginal bone resorption of minimally invasive implant in the elderly / 中华健康管理学杂志

Objective To evaluate the effects of health management of stomatology on the marginal bone resorption of minimally invasive implant in the elderly.Method Tottally 54 implants were placed in 37 elderly patients of missing teeth in maxillary molar areas and the patients were randomly divided into health management group and control group.Patients in the group of health management were guided to master the proper techniques of oral hygiene practices before and after the implantation and periodontal maintenance were carried out carefully until 1 year after loading of restoration.In the control group, oral hygiene was applied. X-ray and CBCT examinations were made and implant marginal alveolar bone loss (MBL) was measured 3, 6, 9, 12 months after loading with Planmeca PROMAX3D software. Besides, 3, 6, 9, 12 months after loading, improved plaque index (iPLI), modified bleeding index (mBI) and probing depth (PD) were also recorded. SPSS 15.0 was applied to analyze the data. Result Differences in diastolic and systolic blood pressure and changes in heart rate in patients during the intraoperative period were (8.86 ± 0.31) mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa), (19.18 ± 0.22) mmHg, (20.19 ± 1.84) times/min, which were significantly lower than those of the control group values [(16.55±1.08) mmHg, (28.31±2.30) mmHg, (20.19±1.84) times/min] (P<0.05 or 0.01);at 12 months after the load around the implant in oral health management group, the values of MBL and mSBI were 2.6 (2, 4), 2.1 (2, 4), which were significantly better than control group [4.3(3, 7), 4.3(3, 7)] (P<0.01);simultaneously, there was significant difference in the values of MBL and PD between experimental group (1.42 ± 0.03, 0.77 ± 0.24) and control group (1.59 ± 0.04, 0.54 ± 0.17) (P<0.01). Conclusion Well-performed health management of peri-implant could reduce the MBL and keep healthy soft tissue environment around implants.

Effect of berberine on the proliferation and apoptosis of a human skin squamous cell carcinoma cell line A431 / 中华皮肤科杂志

Objective To estimate the effect of berberine on the proliferation of and expressions of apoptosisrelated factors Bax and Bcl-2 in a human skin squamous cell carcinoma cell line A431.Methods A431 cells were cultured in vitro,and classified into various groups to be treated with berberine at different concentrations (12.5,25,5,100 mg/L) or cisplatin at 250 mg/L (positive control group) for different durations (12,24,48 and 72 hours).The A431 cells remaining untreated served as the negative control group.Subsequently,methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay was performed to evaluate cell growth,and inverted microscopy to observe cell morphology.Real time quantitative reverse transcription-PCR and an immunofluorescence assay were conducted to measure the mRNA and protein expressions of Bax and Bcl-2 respectively.Statistical analysis was done by multi-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) using the software SPSS 13.0.Results MTr assay showed that berberine inhibited the growth of A431 cells,and the inhibitory effect increased with the increase in concentration (F =1118.312,P ＜ 0.001) and treatment duration (F =510.927,P ＜ 0.001) of berberine.Moreover,there was a significant interaction between the concentration and treatment duration of berberine (F =70.239,P ＜ 0.001).Inverted microscopy revealed that when the concentration of berberine increased,cell density was reduced,and cell morphology changed from polygonal to round with cell body shrinkage.The ratio of bax to Bcl-2 mRNA was elevated with the increase in treatment duration and concentration of berberine,and there were significant differences in the mRNA ratio among cells treated with berberine for different time durations at same concentrations (F =226.231,1300.636,4325.139 for berberine at 25,50 and 100 mg/L respectively,all P＜ 0.001).Immunofluorescence staining indicated that the fluorescence intensity of Bax was enhanced,while that of Bcl-2 was weakened after berberine treatment.Conclusions Berberine inhibits the growth of A431 cells in a dose-and timedependent manner,and may induce the apoptosis of A431 cells via regulating the expressions of Bax and Bcl-2.

Promoter methylation and expression of RKIP gene in patients with gastric carcinoma / 临床与实验病理学杂志

Purpose To investigate the correlation between promoter methylation of RKIP and the clinicopathological features of gastric carcinoma and to analyze the correlation between promoter methylation of RKIP and expression of RKIP. Methods The protein ex-pression and promoter methylation of RKIP were detected in 45 cases of surgically resected gastric carcinoma specimens and 21 cases of corresponding normal tissues using the immunohistchemistry SP method and methylation-specific PCR ( MSP) . Results The positive rate of promoter methylation of RKIP was 48. 89% in gastric carcinoma tissues and 4. 8% in adjacent tissues (P<0. 05). The positive rate of the expression of RKIP protein was 42. 22% in gastric carcinoma tissues and 90. 48% in adjacent tissues (P<0. 05). The pro-tein expression and promoter methylation of RKIP were correlated with the degree of differentiation and lymph node metastasis ( P<0. 05) . Expression of RKIP protein in gastric carcinoma was associated with promoter methylation of RKIP. Conclusions Promoter abnormal methylation of RKIP may be one reason of the deletion of expression of RKIP protein, which correlates with occurrence and development of gastric carcinoma.

The effects of sustained +Gz condition and administration of depside salt from salvia miltiorrhiza on the dental pulp of rats / 实用口腔医学杂志

Objective:To investigate effects of depside salt from salvia miltiorrhiza(DSSM)on the dental pulp of rats under repeated exposure to +Gz acceleration.Methods:27 male SD rats were randomly divided into 9 groups(n =3).The rats in negative control group was only fixed with rats kept-keeling device,in positive control group were exposed to +5 Gz and +10 Gz respectively for 30 s each time,5 times per day,4 days per week,for 3 consecutive weeks.The rats in other groups were respectively given DSSMat 2,6 and 18 mg/kg respectively 30 min before each +Gz exposure.The rats in negative and positive control groups were injected with 0.9%sodium chloride solution 30 min prior to +Gz exposure.After the experiment,The pulp changes were observed by HE staining.Real time qPCR was applied to determine the relative expression of heat sheck protein(HSP70)mRNA.Results:+Gz exposure decreased the activity degree of the rats,and resulted in damage of rat dental pulp.With the increase of +Gz value,the relative expression of HSP70 mRNA was increased(P ＜0.05).HSP70 mRNA expression in drug groups was less than that in their own positive control groups,but showed statistical significance only in the 18 mg/kg and +10 Gz group(P ＜0.05).Conclusion:+Gz exposure may dam-age dental pulp.DSSMhas certain protective effect under +Gz exposure.

Progress in biosythesis of diaminopentane / 生物工程学报

Air pollution and global warming are increasingly deteriorating. Large amounts of polyamides derived from fossil fuel sources are consumed around the world. Cadaverine is an important building monomer block of bio-based polyamides, thus biotechnological processes for these polymers possess enormous ecological and economical potential. Currently, the engineered strains for biological production of cadaverine are Corynebacterium glutamicum and Escherichia coli. We review here the latest research progress of biosynthesis of cadaverine including metabolism of cadaverine in microorganisms, key enzymes and transport proteins in cadaverine synthesis pathway, optimum pathways and cadaverine yields.

Clinical Effect of Domestic Bivalirudin During Emergent Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Patients With Acute ST-segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction / 中国循环杂志

Objective: To evaluate the safety and anticoagulant efficacy of domestic bivalirudin injection during emergent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Methods: A total of 75 STEMI patients were randomly divided into 2 groups according to anticoagulant used in emergent PCI procedure. Bivalirudin group, the patients received intravenous domestic bivalirudin, n=40 and Heparin group, n=35. The activated clotting time (ACT) was tested at pre-PCI, 5 minutes after medication, immediately after PCI, 30 minutes, 1 hour and 2 hours after medication respectively. The activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), prothrombin time (PT), thrombin time (TT) and ifbrinogen (FIB) level were measured at before medication and 6, 24, 72 hours after medication. Results: All patients in Bivalirudin group had ACT>225s at 5min after medication as PCI requirement, while 1 patient in Heparin group could not reach the requirement and the extra dose was added. Both groups maintained ACT>225s during PCI procedure. Bivalirudin group had the lower ACT levels than those in Heparin group at 30 min, 1-and 2-hour after the medication, P0.05. The no-cardiac event surviving rate at 30 days after PCI in Bivalirudin group and in Heparin group were similar P>0.05 and the mild bleeding at 24 hours after PCI in Bivalirudin group was lower (0 vs 11.43)%, P Conclusion: Compared with heparin, domestic bivalirudin may take faster effect, with shorter half-life period for anticoagulation during emergent PCI procedure in STEMI patients.

Comparison of problem-based learning and lecture-based learning for clinical teaching in de-partment of cardiovascular medicine / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective To compare the effect between problem-based learning and lecture-based learning for clinical teaching in the department of cardiovascular medicine. Methods Totally 110 five-year-program cardiovascular interns from June 2011 and June 2012 were selected. They were randomly divided into the PBL group(n=55) and LBL group(n=55). PBL and LBL teach-ing methods were applied in the two groups respectively. Teaching effects were evaluated by exam and questionnaire investigation. SPSS 15.0 was used to do data processing; t test was used to compare the average score of two groups;chi-square test was used to process the results of the questionnaire. P<0.05 signifies sta-tistically significant differences. Results There were statistical differences in examinational average score between PBL group and LBL group ((87.89 ±5.39) vs. (82.63 ±5.26), P<0.05). PBL group had significantly higher satisfaction rate in motivating study interests , deepening understanding of theoretical knowledge, cultivating self-learning ability, training verbal expression and developing clin-ical thinking, etc(P<0.05). Conclusions PBL teaching method demonstrates advantages in teaching of cardiovascular medicine and enhances the teaching effect. But the PBL teaching method should be improved in basic knowledge teaching, cultivation of teachers' ability and case selection.

Gender differences in 1519 patients hospitalized with heart failure / 中国中西医结合急救杂志

10.3969/j.issn.1008-9691.2013.03.016

Role of ageing on rat endothelial dysfunction / 中国医师杂志

Objective Alterations in vascular structure and function and impairment of associated endothelial cells with aging are one of the independent risk factors in the process of atherosclerotic vascular diseases.The study of age-related endothelial dysfunction plays a critical role in preventing as well as treating heart and cerebral vascular diseases in the elderly.Methods The healthy male rats were divided into the young group (3-month-old),the adult group (9-month-old) and the middle-aged group (15-monthold).The indicators associated with vascular endothelial function,including plasma NO,eNOS,iNOS,ET-1 and aortic NO,eNOS,iNOS,were quantified to evaluate the endothelium-dependent and non-endothelium-dependent vasodilating function of isolated aortic rings.These morphological changes of rat aorta helped to find out the group in which endothelial function changed in the early stage.Results Plasma NO,eNOS,iNOS and aortic NOS activity in the young group,the adult group and the middle-aged group gradually decreased with increasing age (P ＜ 0.05).NO,eNOS and iNOS respectively displayed a negative correlation to age.ET-1 gradually increased with aging (P ＜ 0.05) and showed a predominantly positive correlation to age.Acetylcholine-induced greatest vasodilation of aortic rings lessened with increasing age (P ＜ 0.05).Vasodilation in each group reacted generally consistently with nitroprusside sodium (P ＞0.05).Aortic morphology,including intima media thickness (T),diameter (D) and intima media thickness / inner diameter (T / D),gradually enhanced with aging (P ＜ 0.05).T,D was positively correlated with age.NO,eNOS,iNOS,ET-1 of the adult group showed maximum slope (P ＜0.05 respectively) according to group regression analysis,suggesting that vascular endothelial function changed in this group.Meanwhile,T and D of the middle-aged group showed maximum slope (P ＜ 0.05 respectively),suggesting that age-related vascular structural changes predominantly occurred in this period and vascular function changed earlier than the structure.Conclusion Our study demonstrated vascular endothelial dysfunction with aging.Early evident changes of endothelial function occurred in the adult group,which impaired endothelium-dependent vasodilating function.Vascular function changed earlier than the structure.

The effects of rosuvastatin on the liver and kidney function and muscle pathology in rats / 中国医师杂志

ObjectiveTo study the liver and kidney function and muscle effects of rosuvastatin in rats.MethodsIn this study,twenty healthy male rats (9-month-old) were randomly divided into two groups:normal control group and rosuvastatin treatment group.The first treated group was given conventional feed; The second treated group was given conventional feed and oral rosuvastatin [5mg/( kg · d)] of 12 weeks.The level of liver and kidney function and creatine kinase,histological changes of liver and muscle were examined before and after the treatment.ResultsOur findings demonstrate that the level of liver and kidney function and creatine kinase was no significant difference among the two experimental groups,also no difference before and after treatment( P ＞0.05).At the same time,liver and muscle showed no abnormal pathology.Conclusion These findings collectively indicate that rosuvastatin shows no significant side effects in the liver and kidney function and muscle pathology compared with control group.

Marine algae polysaccharide derivant in treatment of osteoporosis in rats / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: We have previously reported that marine algae polysaccharide derivant can significantly promote bone cell growth.OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of marin algae polysaccharide derivant in treatment of osteoporosis.METHODS: Sixty female Wistar rats were randomly divided into control group, treatment group and model group. There were 20 rats in each group. The rats in treatment group and model group were respectively treated with retinoic acid to induce osteoporosis. The rats in treatment group were gavaged the marine algae polysaccharide derivant 10 mg/kg, and the rats in model group were gavaged the glucose 10 mg/kg orally for 14 days. Changes of rat femur bone histological examination and histomorphometry parameters were observed.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The mean Trabecular Number (Tb.N), the mean Trabecular Thickness (Tb.Th) and the percent Trabecular Area (Tb.Ar%) were significantly decreased in the model group compared with control group. The mean trabecular separation (Tb.Sp) was greatly increased. After intake of marine algae polysaccharide derivant, Tb.N, Tb.Th and Tb.Ar% of the treatment group were significantly more than that of the model group. The Tb.Sp was obviously reduced. These indicate that marine algae polysaccharide derivant can increase bone mass and have a therapeutic and preventional effect on the osteoporosis.