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1.
Rev. bras. ciênc. mov ; 27(2): 37-47, abr.-jun.2019. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1008590

ABSTRACT

O presente estudo tem como objetivo investigar a coesão de grupo em atletas de Futebol, de categorias de base, e comparar os níveis de coesão de grupo entre as equipes investigadas. Para isso, participaram do estudo, de forma voluntária, 84 jogadores de Futebol com idade entre 13 e 19 anos (16,04 ± 1,73), todos do sexo masculino e jogadores de 3 clubes do Estado de São Paulo. Cabe ressaltar que todos participantes preencheram o Termo de consentimento livre e esclarecido (TCLE) e o termo de assentimento, no caso dos menores de idade. Todos participantes responderam ao Questionário de Ambiente de Grupo ­ QEG, adaptado e validado para a língua portuguesa, além de um questionário sociodemográfico. Para as análises, recorreu-se a análises descritivas e inferenciais. Os resultados apontam, para análise intragrupo, independentemente do clube, que os grupos apresentam maiores escores para dimensão atração individual no grupo-tarefa, seguida da atração individual no grupo-social e menor escore para dimensão integração no grupo-tarefa. Em relação às análises entre clubes, pode-se observar que o clube 3 apresentou maiores escores que o clube 2, apenas, para as dimensões atração individual no grupo-tarefa e integração no grupo-tarefa. Diante do exposto, conclui-se que atletas de categorias de base parecem priorizar as dimensões de atração individual, que pode estar envolvido com a vontade de se profissionalizar e a incerteza de se esse objetivo será alcançado. Além disso, os atletas do clube 3 apresentaram maior coesão que os atletas do clube 2, indicando que nesse clube, possivelmente, tenha uma preocupação maior com a preparação psicológica, aliado a um estilo de liderança preferencial por parte dos atletas....(AU)


The present study aims to investigate group cohesion in soccer athletes, from youth categories, and compare the levels of team-cohesion among the teams investigated. For this, 84 soccer players aged 13 to 19 (16.04 ± 1.73), all males and players from 3 clubs of the State of São Paulo, participated voluntarily. It's important to highlight that all participants completed the Term of Free and Informed Consent (TCLE) and the consent term, in the case of minors. All participants answered the Group Environment Questionnaire - QEG, adapted and validated to Portuguese language, in addition they fulfill a sociodemographic questionnaire. Descriptive and inferential analyzes were used. The results show that, for intragroup analysis, independently of the club, there are higher scores for individual attraction dimension in the task group, followed by individual attraction in the social group and lower scores for integration dimension in the task group. Regarding the analysis between clubs, it can be observed that club 3 presented higher scores than club 2, only, for the individual attraction dimensions in the task group and integration in the task group. We concluded that grassroots athletes seem to prioritize the dimensions of individual attraction, which may be involved with the desire to become professional and the uncertainty of whether this goal will be achieved. In addition, club 3 athletes were more cohesive than club 2 athletes, indicating that they may have a greater concern with psychological preparation, coupled with a preferred leadership style by athletes....(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Soccer , Sports , Psychology, Sports , Physical Education and Training
2.
Pesqui. vet. bras ; 38(2): 271-276, fev. 2018. tab
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-895583

ABSTRACT

This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of probiotics from different formations, defined and undefined cultures, applied in the control of Salmonella Enteritidis in broilers, identifying the compositions and states for which the probiotics are more effective. For that, 390 broilers were inoculated orally with 1.00 ml of Salmonella Enteritidis at a concentration of 1.2x109 CFU (Colony Forming Units). The experimental design used was randomized blocks with 5 treatments and 6 replications, totaling 30 boxes with 13 birds/box (13 birds/m2). The treatments were provided via drinking water 1 hour after inoculation, keeping a daily treatment of 12 hours with probiotics, for 3 consecutive days (birds at 1, 2 and 3 days of age). In general, the five treatments conducted were: T1 - Control without probiotic, T2 - Probiotic A (defined culture - lyophilized form, strain 7), T3 - Probiotic B (defined culture - lyophilized form, strain 11), T4 - Probiotic C (undefined culture liquid form), T5 - Probiotic D (undefined culture - liquid form). After treatments, performance was evaluated through average body weight, feed conversion and mortality counting. Microbiological analysis and Salmonella isolation were performed using MPN (Most Probable Number) and selective enrichment technique methods, respectively. Samples of ileum and liver pool, cecal tonsils, cecum, heart and spleen pool were collected at 5 and 31 days of age. No differences were observed on growth performance and isolation of Salmonella Enteritidis (p≥0.05). All probiotics applied were effective on reducing Salmonella Enteritidis colonization in the ileum, cecal tonsils, and cecum at 5 days of life. Probiotics T2 and T5 has shown effectiveness in reducing colonization at 31 days, being considered the most efficient on Salmonella Enteritidis control, for the intestines segments evaluated. It was not possible to affirm which probiotics formation, defined or undefined, is more efficient for Salmonella Enteritidis control.(AU)


O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a eficácia dos probióticos de diferentes constituições: de culturas definidas e de culturas indefinidas no controle de Salmonella Enteritidis em frangos de corte, identificando qual a constituição e qual ou quais probióticos testados é mais eficaz. Foram inoculados 390 frangos de corte com 1ml de Salmonella Enteritidis, via oral, na concentração de 1,2 x 109 UFC (Unidades Formadoras de Colônia). O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos casualizados com 5 tratamentos e 6 repetições cada, totalizando 30 boxes com 13 aves/boxe (13 aves/m2). Os tratamentos foram fornecidos via água de bebida 1 hora após a inoculação, com 12 horas de tratamento com probióticos por dia, durante 3 dias consecutivos (1º, 2º e 3º dia de idade das aves). Os cinco tratamentos foram: T1 - Controle sem probiótico, T2 - Probiótico A (cultura definida - forma liofilizada, 7 cepas), T3 - Probiótico B (cultura definida - forma liofilizada, 11 cepas), T4 - Probiótico C (cultura indefinida - forma líquida), T5 - Probiótico D (cultura indefinida - forma liofilizada). O desempenho zootécnico foi avaliado usando o peso médio, a conversão alimentar e a mortalidade. Análises microbiológicas foram realizadas utilizando o método NMP (NMP/g)e isolamento de Salmonella através técnica de enriquecimento seletivo. Amostras de pool de íleo, tonsilas cecais e cecos e pool de fígado, coração e baço foram coletadas aos 5 dias e aos 31 dias de idade. Para desempenho zootécnico e isolamento de Salmonella Enteritidis não foram observadas diferenças (p≥0,05). Todos os probióticos utilizados foram eficazes na redução da colonização de Salmonella Enteritidis no íleo, tonsilas cecais e cecos aos 5 dias de idade e somente os probióticos do T2 (cultura definida) e T5 (cultura indefinida) reduziram a colonização aos 31 dias sendo considerados os mais eficazes no controle de Salmonella Enteritidis nestes segmentos intestinais avaliados. Não se pode afirmar quais das constituições de probióticos, culturas definidas ou indefinidas, são mais eficazes no controle de Salmonella Enteritidis.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Chickens/microbiology , Food Safety/methods , Probiotics/therapeutic use , Salmonella Infections, Animal/prevention & control , Dietary Supplements/statistics & numerical data , Microbiological Techniques/veterinary , Poultry Diseases/prevention & control , Salmonella enteritidis
3.
Pesqui. vet. bras ; 33(7): 931-936, jul. 2013. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-683237

ABSTRACT

To evaluate the effect of the fractionated nursing system in rumen development were used 12 Holstein calves, with an initial body weight average of 37.0 kg, individually maintained in holding pens. Conventional treatment was made with four liters of milk daily, during 60 days and fractionated nursing was composed by six liters from the 6th until 25th day, four liters of 26 to 45 and two liters from 46 to 59 days of life. Besides that liquid diet, Cynodon sp. hay, water and mineral supplement were freely offered. Food consumption was monitored daily. The animals were weighted weekly at morning, after the delivery of liquid diet. At 60 days, the calves were euthanized and the digestive system was weighted and rumen papillae were microscopically measured. The nursing system did not interfere significantly in concentrate, hay and total dry matter intake. In contrast, fractionated nursing resulted in higher body weight at 60 days and significant increase in absolute weight of digestive tract, rumen-reticulum, omasum and intestines, so as relative weight of omasum, intestines and mitotic index of ruminal papillae. The fractionated nursing system may be a feeding alternative to improve the rumen development and of calves.


Para avaliar o efeito do sistema de aleitamento fracionado no desenvolvimento ruminal de bezerros leiteiros holandeses, foram utilizados 12 animais, com peso corporal inicial médio de 37,0 kg, alojados individualmente em baias. O tratamento convencional constituiu-se de quatro litros de leite diários durante 60 dias e o fracionado, de seis litros do 6º ao 25º dia; quatro litros dos dias 26 a 45 e dois litros de 46 a 59 dias de vida, além de concentrado, feno de Cynodon sp., água e suplemento mineral, oferecidos livremente. O consumo dos alimentos foi monitorado diariamente e os animais, pesados semanalmente, após o fornecimento da dieta líquida, pela manhã. Aos 60 dias de vida, os animais foram abatidos e realizaram-se pesagens do trato digestivo e medidas histológicas das papilas ruminais. O sistema de aleitamento não interferiu significativamente no consumo de concentrado, de feno, de matéria seca total e no peso corporal final vazio. O aleitamento fracionado resultou em maior peso corporal final, pesos absolutos do trato digestivo, do ruminorretículo, do omaso e dos intestinos, de pesos relativos do omaso e dos intestinos e maior índice mitótico das papilas ruminais. O sistema de aleitamento fracionado pode ser alternativa para melhorar o desenvolvimento ruminal e o desempenho de bezerros.


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Infant , Cattle , Cattle/anatomy & histology , Cattle/physiology , Gastrointestinal Tract/growth & development , Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena , Mitotic Index/classification , Mitotic Index/veterinary , Milk/physiology , Milk , Rumen/growth & development
4.
West Indian med. j ; 56(3): 288-293, Jun. 2007.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-476307

ABSTRACT

Vascular injuries from penetrating trauma to the base of the neck are accompanied by significant morbidity and potential mortality. These injuries require several diagnostic adjuncts in order to facilitate early diagnosis and appropriate treatment. Herein reported is the case of a patient who sustained penetrating injury to the thoracic inlet but had a fortuitous anomaly that prevented vascular injury and its attendant complications.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Subclavian Artery/abnormalities , Wounds, Penetrating/diagnosis , Wounds and Injuries , Wounds, Gunshot/diagnosis , Neck Injuries/diagnosis , Subclavian Artery/pathology , Wounds, Penetrating/etiology , Wounds, Gunshot/complications , Wounds, Gunshot/surgery , Neck Injuries/etiology
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