ABSTRACT
Objective To improve the cliniciansˊ awareness of Kluver-bucy syndrome (KBS), we retrospectively analyzed 4 cases of KBS such as clinical manifestation, MRI feature, treatment and prognosis. Methods We performed a retrospective analysis on 4 cases of KBS including general clinical data, key clinical symptoms, findings from cerebrospinal fluid and Cranial MRI examination, treatment strategy and prognosis, and literature review. Results All four patients showed KBS in the course of primary disease. The clinical symptoms of KBS mainly presented as gentle, indiscriminate dietary behavior, hypersexuality, hypermetamorphosis, hyperorality and visual agnosia. MRI Showed primary disease-associated alterations in diverse brain regions including hippocampus, the temporal lobe, the insula, the frontal lobe, and the cingulate gyrus. Three cases achieved completely clinical remission after treatment with carbamazepine,fluoxetine and antipsychotic drugs. One patientˊs symptoms disappeared spontaneously and no recurrence of symptoms was observed in the following 6~12 months. Conclusion Bulimia is often the first symptom of KBS. Cranial MRI is the characteristic of the primary disease and has great diagnostic value. Treatment with antiepileptic and antipsychotics can achieve favorable prognosis.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the clinical symptoms and MRI imaging findings in patients with autoim-mune encephalitis and to improve clinician's understanding about the clinical and imaging characteristics of autoim-mune encephalitis. Methods We analyzed the clinical features and MRI findings of 33 patients with autoimmune en-cephalitis in our department. Results Of these 33 patients, 27 (81.8%) had psychiatric symptoms, 26 (78.8%) had seizure, 18 (54.5%) had involuntary movement, 11 (33.3%) had fever and 9 (27.3%) patients presented with cen-tral hypoventilation, the present of involuntary movement and fever was lower in group LE than in group NMDA. A total of 10 patients had positive MRI finding. Of these 10 patients, 8 had brain parenchyma lesions, 3 had meningeal involvement. The most likely affected parenchymal lesions are occipital lobe, bilateral hippocampus, frontal lobe, pari-etal lobe, temporal lobe, thalamus and cerebellum. Conclusion Psychiatric symptoms and seizure are the most com-mon neurological symptoms of autoimmune encephalitis. MRI may show abnormal signals in the limbic system. FLAIR is the most sensitive MR imaging sequence for detection of autoimmune encephalitis lesions.