Physical Training Improves Cardiac Structure and Function of Rats After Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiomyopathy

Abstract Background: The use of doxorubicin in chemotherapy has been associated with cardiotoxicity and heart failure. Physical exercise produces favorable morphofunctional adaptations in the cardiovascular system and may reverse cardiac dysfunction in patients undergoing chemotherapy. Objective: To assess the effects of physical training on myocardial structure, cardiac function, and exercise tolerance in Wistar rats initiated after the onset of cardiotoxicity-induced cardiotoxicity. Methods: This study investigated 30 adult male Wistar rats randomly divided into four groups: control (C), exercise (EX), doxorubicin (DX), and doxorubicin and exercise (DXEX). The DX and DXEX groups received six doses of doxorubincin from 1.25 mg/kg body weight up to a cumulative dose of 7.5 mg/kg. Injections were administered intraperitoneally three times a week for two weeks; after this stage, the EX and DXEX groups started physical training (swimming) sessions three times a week with a load of 5% of their body weight. Echocardiography and exercise tolerance tests were performed. Generalized linear models were used in statistical analysis, and a p<0.05 was set as statistically significant. Results: Left ventricular shortening fraction and ejection fraction were reduced in the DX group compared to C, EX, and DXEX. The DXEX group showed greater tolerance to effort when compared to the DX and C groups. Conclusion: Physical training, initiated after the onset of doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity, improved cardiac function and exercise tolerance in rats.

Correlation between clinical and socioeconomic characteristics and perceived health status of patients with heart failure / Correlação entre características clínicas, socioeconômicas e estado de saúde percebido de pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca

Associations between generic and specific perceived health status have been little used in the clinical practice of the cardiovascular sciences. Describe the clinical and socio-economic profile of heart failure patients (HF) and correlate their perceived health status (PHS) (generic and specific) with clinical and socio-economic variables. Cross-sectional, quantitative and analytical study approved by the ethics committee - Federal University of Triangulo Mineiro (number 833.007). A sample of 91 individuals with different functional classes and etiologies of HF and who were in outpatient follow-up answered the following questionnaire: 1. Clinical and socioeconomic questionnaire; 2. Visual Analog Scale (VAS); 3. Minnesota Questionnaire (MLWHFQ). We studied 91 patients with HF; the majority was male (50.5%) married (52.7%), inactive (working condition) (83.51%), NYHA functional class IV (29.7%) hypertension etiology (46.2%). The VAS was correlated significantly (p <0.05) with the variables family income (r = 0.173) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (r = 0.221) and significant (p <0.01) comorbidities (r = 0.237) and medications (r = 0.475). Significant associations (p <0.05) were established between the VSA, gender, surgical procedure and NYHA functional class IV. All MLWHFQ domains were significantly associated (p <0.01) with the female gender and functional class IV. Perceived health status showed significant decline in all dimensions when compared to other published studies, demanding attention from the health professionals and new clinical strategies to manage heart failure.

Associações entre o estado de saúde percebido genérico e específico têm sido pouco utilizados na pratica clínica das ciências cardiovasculares. Descrever o perfil clínico e socioeconômico de pacientes com Insuficiência Cardíaca (IC) e correlacionar o estado de saúde percebido (ESP) genérico e específico destes pacientes com variáveis clínicas e socioeconômicas. Estudo transversal, quantitativo e analítico, aprovado pelo comitê de ética da Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, nº 833.007. Uma amostra de 91 indivíduos com diferentes classes funcionais e etiologias de IC e que estavam em acompanhamento ambulatorial responderam aos seguintes questionário: 1. Questionário Clínico e socioeconômico; 2. Escala Visual Analógica (EVA); 3. Questionário de Minnesota (MLWHFQ). Foram avaliados 91 pacientes com IC, a maioria do sexo masculino (50,5%) casados (52,7%), com condição de trabalho inativa (83,51%), classe funcional NYHA IV (29,7%) de etiologia hipertensiva (46,2%). A EVA correlacionou-se de forma significativa (p<0,05) com as variáveis renda familiar (r=0,173) e fração de ejeção do ventrículo esquerdo (FEVE) (r=0,221) e significante (p<0,01) com comorbidades (r=0,237) e medicações (r=0,475). Associações significantes (p<0,05) foram estabelecidas entre a EVA, sexo, procedimento cirúrgico e classe funcional NYHA IV. Todos os domínios do MLWHFQ se associaram de forma significante (p<0,01) com sexo feminino e classe funcional NYHA IV. O estado de saúde percebido demonstrou declínio em todas as suas dimensões, importante quando comparado a outros estudos publicados, demandando atenção dos profissionais de saúde e novas estratégias de manejo clínico da IC.

Cardiogenic shock post acute myocardial infarction associated with a non reperfusion coronary artery phenomenon / Choque cardiogênico após infarto agudo do miocárdio associado ao fenômeno de não reperfusão da artéria coronária

Cardiogenic shock is a state of systemic tissue hypoperfusion resulting from a primary cardiac dysfunction. When it occurs simultaneously to a non reperfusion coronary artery phenomenon, prognosis worsens and mortality chances increases. This paper reports the case of a patient presenting cardiogenic shock after acute myocardial infarction - AMI concurrently with no-reflow phenomenon. It is a clinical case, cares and main aspects in treatment for simultaneous cardiogenic shock and no-reflow phenomenon are discussed, pointing out the relevance of early detection of these two clinical situations as to correct their deriving dysfunctions and ensure the best possible prognosis to the patient.

O choque cardiogênico é um estado de hipoperfusão sistêmica do tecido resultante de uma disfunção cardíaca primária. Quando ocorre simultaneamente a este fenômeno a não reperfusão da artéria coronária, o prognóstico piora e as chances de mortalidade aumentam. Este artigo relata o caso de um paciente que apresentou choque cardiogênico após infarto agudo do miocárdio - IAM e simultaneamente com fenômeno sem refluxo. Trata-se de um caso clínico, onde são abordados os principais aspectos no tratamento do choque cardiogênico simultâneo e do fenômeno de não refluxo, destacando a relevância da detecção precoce dessas duas situações clínicas para corrigir suas disfunções derivadas e assegurar o melhor prognóstico possível para o paciente.