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1.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 149(7): 1014-1022, jul. 2021. ilus, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1389546

ABSTRACT

Background: A significant proportion of the clinical record is in free text format, making it difficult to extract key information and make secondary use of patient data. Automatic detection of information within narratives initially requires humans, following specific protocols and rules, to identify medical entities of interest. Aim: To build a linguistic resource of annotated medical entities on texts produced in Chilean hospitals. Material and Methods: A clinical corpus was constructed using 150 referrals in public hospitals. Three annotators identified six medical entities: clinical findings, diagnoses, body parts, medications, abbreviations, and family members. An annotation scheme was designed, and an iterative approach to train the annotators was applied. The F1-Score metric was used to assess the progress of the annotator's agreement during their training. Results: An average F1-Score of 0.73 was observed at the beginning of the project. After the training period, it increased to 0.87. Annotation of clinical findings and body parts showed significant discrepancy, while abbreviations, medications, and family members showed high agreement. Conclusions: A linguistic resource with annotated medical entities on texts produced in Chilean hospitals was built and made available, working with annotators related to medicine. The iterative annotation approach allowed us to improve performance metrics. The corpus and annotation protocols will be released to the research community.


Subject(s)
Humans , Electronic Data Processing , Chile
2.
Rev. méd. Maule ; 33(2): 13-19, sept. 2018. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1292502

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Ventilator-associated pneumonia is the sixth nosocomial infection most frequent in Chile. Considering the high mortality associated in this infection, it is important to know the local agents and their respective resistances and susceptibilities to choose and appropriate management. OBJECTIVE: Describe the resistance and susceptibilities to antibiotics of the most frequent microorganism in ventilator-associated pneumonia in the Intensive Care Unit at Hospital Regional de Talca. METHODS: We studied the resistance and susceptibility to antibiotics to each organism isolated in patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia in the Intensive Care Unit at Hospital Regional de Talca since 2013 to 2016, according to the reports of the Cross Infection Unit at this establishment. OUTCOMES: We collected 59 cases and there were 29 cases of them with one microorganism. The highest incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia was in 2014, while the lowest was in 2015. The most frequent agents isolated were A. baumannii (32,2%), S. aureus (30,1%), P. aeruginosa (10,75%) and K. pneumoniae (10,75%). In general, we found that the highest resistence to antibiotic was to Ceftriaxone, while the highest susceptibility to antibiotic were to Vancomicine and Tigecicline.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Pneumonia, Ventilator-Associated/microbiology , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Chile , Cross Infection , Retrospective Studies , Patient Selection , Drug Resistance, Bacterial
3.
Rev. chil. cir ; 70(5): 460-463, 2018. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-978016

ABSTRACT

Resumen Introducción: La perforación esofágica es una posible complicación de la artrodesis cervical anterior. Sin embargo, estas suelen ocurrir intraoperatoriamente o en el posoperatorio precoz. Caso clínico: Mujer de 35 años sometida, 3 años antes, a artrodesis de C3-C5, que tras sufrir un traumatismo leve con latigazo cervical, comienza con disfagia. Se objetiva un absceso retroesofágico por perforación esofágica, causado por rotura de la placa protésica y extrusión de un tornillo.


Introduction: Esophageal perforation is a possible complication after anterior cervical fusion. However, these complications usually appear intraoperatively or in the early postoperative course. Case report: A 35-years-old females, who underwent a C3-C5 anterior cervical fusion 3 years ago, after suffering a mild cervical trauma, she complained of dysphagia. A retroesophageal abscess was observed, caused by esophageal perforation, secondary to plaque rupture and screw extrusion.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Spinal Fusion/adverse effects , Esophageal Perforation/surgery , Esophageal Perforation/etiology , Arthrodesis/adverse effects , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Treatment Outcome , Esophageal Perforation/diagnostic imaging
4.
Rev. méd. Maule ; 33(1): 14-20, jun. 2017. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1283792

ABSTRACT

Urinary tract infection associated to permanent catheterization is the most frequent infection associated to health care. Antibiotic resistance is an increasing problem, thus it is important to know the local pathogenic agents, their resistance and sensibility profiles to use an optimal treatment. OBJECTIVES: Describe the resistance and sensibility profiles in the most frequent microorganisms in urinary tract infections associated to permanent catheterization at the Internal Medicine Service of Hospital Regional de Talca. METHODS: We studied the antibiotic resistance and sensitivity of each microorganism isolated from urinary samples from patients with the antecedent of permanent urinary catheterization at the Internal Medicine Service of Hospital Regional de Talca since January 2013 to December 2016, according to the records at the Cross Infection Unit of this center. OUTCOMES: We collected 69 cases, there were 14 of them with two agents. The highest incidence of urinary tract infections associated to permanent urinary catheterization was at 2014, while the lowest at 2015. The most frequent agents detected were K. pneumoniae (34%), E. coli (20%), P. aeruginosa (20%) and A. baumannii (5%), holding a similar tendency in each year. We found 23 strains of Enterobacteriaceae producing Extended-spectrum ß- Lactamases. In general we found that Carbapenems and Amikacin had the best sensitivity while Nitrofurantoin and Ciprofloxacin had the highest resistance


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Bacterial Infections/epidemiology , Urinary Tract Infections/microbiology , Urinary Tract Infections/epidemiology , Community-Acquired Infections/epidemiology , Catheter-Related Infections/microbiology , Catheter-Related Infections/epidemiology , Bacterial Infections/microbiology , Drug Resistance, Microbial , Community-Acquired Infections/microbiology , Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus/isolation & purification
5.
Int. braz. j. urol ; 37(5): 623-629, Sept.-Oct. 2011. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-608131

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To evaluate the performance of a 'one-stop' clinic in terms of proportion of discharges or inclusion in surgical waiting lists. MATERIALS AND METHODS: All patients were referred from primary care facilities (population 220.646) and from different departments in the hospital. Eight senior urologists, two registered nurses and two nurse attendants participated in the experience. Prior to the start of the project, referral protocols had been agreed with the primary care physicians involved. Compliance with the protocols was periodically tested. Eventually 5537 first visits (January-December 2009) where evaluable. RESULTS: Overall, the 'one-stop' format proved feasible in 74.2 percent of the patients (4108/5537). Patients, who successfully used the 'one-stop' format, were significantly younger than those who required additional consultations (43 vs 50 years old, respectively, Student's t test < 0.001). For obvious reasons the 'one-stop' format was universally possible in male sterilization and penile phimosis patients. Similarly, the 'one-stop' policy was applied in most consultations due to male sexual dysfunction (75 percent) and urinary tract infection (73 percent). Other health problems, such as haematuria (62 percent) and renal colic (46 percent), required more than one visit so that care of the patient reverted to the traditional, outpatient care model. CONCLUSION: A 'one-stop' philosophy is feasible for a number of procedures in a urological outpatient clinic. The costs to implement such an approach would be limited to managerial expenditure.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Outpatient Clinics, Hospital/standards , Primary Health Care/organization & administration , Urologic Diseases/diagnosis , Urology Department, Hospital/statistics & numerical data , Feasibility Studies , Health Services Needs and Demand/organization & administration , Models, Organizational , Outpatient Clinics, Hospital/statistics & numerical data , Referral and Consultation , Spain , Urology , Urologic Diseases/surgery , Urology Department, Hospital/standards , Waiting Lists
6.
Rev. bras. toxicol ; 17(2): 5-12, dez. 2004. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-404058

ABSTRACT

Con el fin de contribuir a dilucidar la controversia existente con relación a la asociación entre efectos reproductivos adversos y exposición a plaguicidas órgano fosforados, se realizó el presente estudio. Mediante un diseño experimental se trataron 79 ratas machos durante 90 días, con Paratión Metílico® vía oral, con diferentes dosis (0.0, 1.0, 1.5 y 2.0 mg/kg/día). La mitad del grupo con dieta ad libitum y la mitad con dieta restringida al 75 por cento. Se midieron como efectos reproductivos: motilidad del espermatozoide y peso de testículos y epidídimo y, sistémicos: peso del animal y visceral. Se estimaron las dosis de referencia (DRf), con la metodología de Análisis de Riesgo de la Agencia de Protección del Medio Ambiente de Estados Unidos (EPA). La motilidad del espermatozoide (<30 por cento), se afectó significativamente (p < 0.02) debido a la dieta. Con la exposición al plaguicida se obtuvieron OR de 2.4, 3.5, y 5.6 conforme aumentó la dosis (p<0.01). El peso de los testículos e hígado arrojó diferencias significativas (p<0.01) con efecto dosis-respuesta para Paratión Metílico. Se consideran valores críticos y se recomiendan dosis de refenerecia para exposición humana, para motilidad del espermatozoide DRf=2x10-4 y peso corporal DRf=1x10-2, entre otros. La asociación observada en este trabajo apoya la hipótesis de que la función reproductiva puede verse afectada por la exposición a Paratión Metílico


Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Male , Female , Rats , Insecticides, Organophosphate , Parathion , Pesticide Exposure , Reproductive Techniques/adverse effects , Risk Assessment/methods , Rats, Wistar
7.
Rev. argent. cir ; 73(5): 162-70, nov. 1997. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-207994

ABSTRACT

Se presentan los resultados de un trabajo de investigación anatómica sobre las vías linfáticas del recto. Fue realizado sobre 36 fetos fallecidos con 7 o más meses de vida intrauterina. La masa de Gerota se inyectó separadamente en cada tercio del recto y en el canal anal. En el tercio superior del recto sólo se coloreó la vía linfática ascendente (vía de la mesentérica inferior). En los especímenes inyectados en el tercio medio e inferior del recto y en el canal anal, la masa de Gerota coloreó tanto la vía ascendente como la lateral (vía de la hemorroidal media). En dos ejemplares, inyectados en el tercio medio, además de las dos vías recién mencionadas, fue observado un fino canal linfático ascendiendo por el espacio retrorrectal hasta terminar en un ganglio localizado sobre el ala derecha del sacro. No se hallaron comunicaciones linfáticas entre el recto y los órganos genitourinarios ni tampoco con el grupo ganglionar inguinal


Subject(s)
Humans , Lymph Nodes/anatomy & histology , Rectal Neoplasms/surgery , Rectum/anatomy & histology , Lymphatic System/anatomy & histology , Anal Canal/anatomy & histology , Anal Canal/blood supply , Fetus/anatomy & histology , Neoplasm Metastasis , Neoplasm Recurrence, Local , Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/diagnosis , Rectal Neoplasms/secondary , Rectum/blood supply , Surgical Procedures, Operative
8.
Vet. Méx ; 28(3): 209-13, jul.-sept. 1997. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-227437

ABSTRACT

En el presente trabajo se han determinado las concentraciones plasmáticas de proteínas totales e inmunoglobulinas mediante inmunodifusión radial, en 40 caballos de Pura Raza Española, de la provincia de Córdoba, España. Los niveles medios obtenidos son similares a los determinados anteriormente para la especie equina, en cambio se pueden encontrar variaciones en cuanto a los niveles medios de inmunoglobulinas plasmáticas con respecto a otras raza, con un valor medio para la IgG de 1293.55ñ77.39 mg/dl, para la IgGT 105.17ñ145.03 mg/dl, para la IgM 56.39ñ5.38 mg/dl y para la IgA 44.92ñ3.525 mg/dl. El sexo y la edad modifican los niveles medios de algunas de estas inmunoglobulinas


Subject(s)
Animals , Plasma , Horses , Proteins , Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes
9.
Bogotá, D.C; s.n; 1996. 65 p. tab, graf.
Thesis in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-190350

ABSTRACT

Se ha hecho un análisis de las artroscopias de tobillo realizadas entre Mayo 17 de 1987 y Diciembre 31 de 1994 en la División de Medicina del Deporte de la Universidad de Miami (DMD UM), en Healthscuth Doctors' Hospital. En total fueron realizadas 159 artroscopias, 122 por médicos de la DMD UM, estuvieron disponibles para revisión 115 historias clínicas, de las cuales 52 pacientes habían tenido lesiones durante actividad deportiva; grupo en el que se realizó el estudio. Rango de edad: 13 a 61 años, promedio de edad: 24,94 años, sexo masculino 41 y femenino 11 pacientes, encontrandose que el 78.84 por ciento de los pacientes; 41; estaban entre el grupo de edad de menores de 20 años (13 a 19 años) y de 20 a 30 años, solo tuvimos un paciente mayor de 61 años; el 21,15 por ciento, 11 pacientes fueron llevados a cirugía después de 6 meses de la lesión. Los mejores resultados se obtuvieron con la precocidad del tratamiento quirúrgico, menos de 30 días y la lesiones y complicaciones crónicas se presentaron con los mayores tiempos transcurridos entre el trauma y la actroscopia.


Subject(s)
Ankle Injuries , Arthroscopy , Rehabilitation
10.
Prensa méd. argent ; 73(18): 785-7, 21 nov. 1986. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-46187

ABSTRACT

Se presentan 4 casos de quistes pericardiocelómicos. Tres de ellos se presentaron clínica y radiológicamente de manera que hicieron posible el diagnóstico presuntivo. Se obtuvo la curación de los mismos mediante tratamiento quirúrgico


Subject(s)
Adult , Middle Aged , Humans , Male , Female , Mediastinal Cyst/surgery , Thorax
11.
Rev. argent. cir ; 48(6): 270-2, jun. 1985.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-1727

ABSTRACT

Se presentan 8 enfermos portadores de adenomas gástricos: 3 con degeneración atípica inicial, 2 se presentaron con un síndrome subobstructivo pilórico y 4 con hemorragia digestiva, una de ellas, grave. Se hacen consideraciones sobre la patología de los adenomas y displasias gástricas. Se recomienda la cirugía con criterio oncológico, lo que ha demostrado óptimos resultados, con la curación de todos los enfermos así tratados


Subject(s)
Adult , Middle Aged , Humans , Male , Female , Adenoma/surgery , Stomach Neoplasms/surgery , Precancerous Conditions
12.
Rev. argent. cir ; 48(5): 188-97, mayo 1985. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-2217

ABSTRACT

Se presentan las complicaciones precoces y alejadas de las prótesis de la pared abdominal con mallas de Marlex. Se hacen consideraciones a propósito de este procedimiento, no exento de riesgos y se puntualizan ciertos conceptos profilácticos que tienden a disminuir el porcentaje de estas complicaciones


Subject(s)
Abdominal Muscles/surgery , Polypropylenes , Prostheses and Implants
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