ABSTRACT
grain yield and its component traits in 150 rice recombinant inbred lines, their parents and six checks at ICAR-IIRR, Hyderabad and AHRS, Kathalagere in wet 2022. The experiments were laid out in an augmented block design with five blocks. Phenotypic coefficients of variance were higher than genotypic coefficients of variance for all the traits across the locations. A joint consideration of high heritability in broad sense (h2) and genetic advance as per cent mean estimates were obtained for plant height, number of tillers, number of productive tillers, panicle length, number of grains per panicle, test weight, grain yield per plant suggesting that the traits were primarily under genetic control. Furthermore, high heritability (h2) and GAM recorded in these characters could be explained by additive gene action. However, high estimates (h2) combined with moderate GAM recorded for days to 50% flowering could be due to non-additive gene effect. Grain yield per plant recorded positive and significant correlation with the total number of grains per panicle (0.32***, 0.30***) and number of productive tillers per plant (0.21***, 0.26***) at both the locations. This result indicates that selection based on these two traits will be highly effective for yield improvement in rice.
ABSTRACT
In the F2 generation of eggplants, resulting from the crosses between Bilichandubadane and Mullubadane in the F1 generation, a considerable level of variability was observed. These eggplant varieties, cultivated in an augmented design at ZARS Shimogga during the Kharif season of 2017, display numerous significant plant breeding characteristics and hold great potential for further improvement under varying growing conditions. The F2 investigation unveiled substantial diversity in nine quantitative traits. The strong correlation between the Genetic Coefficient of Variation (GCV) and Phenotypic Coefficient of Variation (PCV) values suggests that environmental factors have a relatively minor influence on the expression of these studied traits. Importantly, characteristics such as the number of fruits per plant, the number of primary branches, and the number of flowers per plant exhibited a substantial genetic contribution, as indicated by their high GCV and PCV values, in addition to significant broad sense heritability and genetic advancement. This implies that these traits are mainly governed by additive genes and can be effectively enhanced through selection without necessitating progeny testing. Furthermore, the high heritability values observed for most traits indicate considerable potential for improving yield and its components through selective breeding. Differences in mean values among the parent plants in various characteristics suggest the involvement of diverse parent plants in the crosses studied. Additionally, the F2 plants displayed superior performance in most traits compared to either of the parent plants, which can be attributed to the phenomenon of transgressive segregation.
ABSTRACT
The experiment was conducted to study the comparative performance and blast disease screening 80 diverse rice cultivars including land races, obsolete varieties, modern cultivars and released varieties, local prevailing cultivars and advanced breeding/varietal lines as AICRIP testing trials for two successive seasons during Kharif-2021 and Kharif-2022 at AHRS Ponnampet, Karnataka- India, The results from ANOVA revealed that, MSS due to genotypes, were significant (p<0.01 and p<0.05) for all the yield traits studied. GYKH was varied from 270.65-6039.89, while 940.17-6039.88 with mean grain yield Kg/ha of 3596.01 and 3483.92 kg/ha during Kh-21 and Kh-22. High GCV and PCV with high heritability coupled with high GAM were observed for GYKH, while the remaining traits revealed low to medium GCV and PCV, heritability coupled with low to medium GAM. Correlation analysis revealed that significant and positive association was observed for PH, DFF, PL and GYKH. PCAs revealed that PC1, PC2 and PC3 showed 32.45%, 29.66% and 14.83% of contribution with 76.94% of total variation during Kharif-21 and 33.20%, 29.67% and 14.33% of contribution with 77.20% of variation for the studied traits during Kharif-22 respectively. Field screening of leaf and neck blast under natural hot spot area among 80 diverse genotypes resulted in identification of resistant sources as KPR-1, KPR-2, KHP-5, Mud-1014, IET-28515 and Kajajaya with promising yield performances.