ABSTRACT
Background: To trial the safety, efficacy and rapidity of response to a lozenges containing synbiotic in patients with minor aphthous ulcer.Methods: A total of 60 patients were enrolled for the trial after obtaining IEC approval and randomly allocated into two groups. Control “Group A” was administered with conventional treatment i.e., zytee and B complex for 2 weeks and trial “Group B” was administered with Bifilac along with conventional treatment for 2 weeks. The results of this trial were analyzed both subjectively and objectively.Results: Comparing with control group, where standard treatment was used with analgesics and B-complex, the trial group showed a quick relief of pain and helped in reducing mean size of ulcer.Conclusions: This trial was done with synbiotic lozenges in minor aphthous ulcers and it proved to be better alternative for them. Moreover, synbiotics have no adverse effects.
ABSTRACT
Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), the most common myeloproliferative disorder, occurring due to balanced reciprocal translocation between chromosome 9 and 22 and resulting in a chimeric oncogene called breakpoint cluster region-abelson (BCR-ABL) whose protein product has tyrosine kinase activity, causes uncontrolled proliferation of the myeloid cells. Although, imatinib, the first-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) achieved an extremely high response rate, some patients developed resistance to it. Thus, second-generation TKIs such as nilotinib, dasatinib, bosutinib were developed which proved very useful, till the emergence of T315I point mutation which occurs in the BCR-ABL gene and renders CML resistant to previous TKIs. Ponatinib, a third generation TKI approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA), showed great promise as it was effective even against T315I point mutation. However, a recent increase in the incidence of blood clots observed in patients taking ponatinib has resulted in FDA temporarily suspending all trials, marketing and distribution of the drug. Hence, whether ponatinib evolves as a miracle or disaster for the patients of CML is yet to be answered.
ABSTRACT
he study assessed 54 advertisements of 145 different drugs, published over one year (from December 2011 to November 2012) in an Indian medical journal, circulated widely mainly among general practitioners (GPs). The ethical guidelines of the World Health Organization (WHO) and Organisation of Pharmaceutical Producers of India (OPPI) for medicinal drug promotion were applied. The brand name was mentioned in all advertisements (100% compliance both with the WHO and OPPI criteria) and the names of the active ingredients were also mentioned in 128 (90.14%) advertisements. However, major adverse drug reactions were mentioned in only two advertisements (1.37%); precautions, contraindications and warnings in only two (1.37%); and major interactions in only one (0.68%). Only three advertisements (2.06%) were well substantiated with references. To ensure the ethical promotionof drugs among GPs, journals must introduce compulsory review and appraisal of promotional advertisements by a dedicated review board, including at least one member trained in pharmacology and one representative from the medical division of a pharmaceutical company.