ABSTRACT
Introduction: advanced glycated end products [AGEs] play an important role in the progression of diabetes and exacerbation of its complications. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of supplementation of Resveratrol, the essential oil of cumin and Vitamin C, on levels of blood sugar, lipid, insulin resistance and AGEs in type 2 diabetic patients
Materials and Methods: in this double-blind randomized clinical trial, diabetic patients were randomly divided into four groups: Cumin essential oil, Resveratrol supplement, vitamin C and the control group. After two months, Insulin resistance, AGEs, Insulin, glucose and lipids were measured, using standard kits and results were analyzed
Results: there were no significant differences between the groups in the beginning of the study. Insulin resistance and AGEs showed no significant differences between the four groups after study, although in the Resveratrol group, levels of body mass index [BMI] and glycosylated hemoglobin [HbA1C] were reduced [p=0.001, p=0.04]. In the cumin group, BMI [p=0.001], triglyceride [p=0.01] and HbA1C [p=0.01] levels decreased significantly after intervention. In the vitamin C and control groups, none of the measured variables were significantly different post-intervention
Conclusion: resveratrol can be effective in weight loss and metabolic control in diabetic patients. Cumin showed high efficacy in the improvement of sugar and dyslipidemia indices in these patients
ABSTRACT
Nowadays, the effect of medicinal plants on the reduction of the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases and atherosclerosis has been confirmed. Liver phosphatidate phosphohydrolase [PAP] is a key regulatory enzyme in the glycerolipid metabolism. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of sesame oil on liver PAP activity, liver triglyceride, liver cholesterol and serum lipoprotein levels in hypercholesterolemic rabbits. In this experimental study 27 New Zealand rabbits were randomly assigned to 3 groups [n=9]. Group1 [control] was fed with standard diet. Group II [hypercholesterolemic group] animals received hypercholesterolemic diet [1%] without treatment. Group III was fed with hypercholesterolemic diet [1%] plus sesame oil [5%]. After two months, liver PAP activity, liver triglyceride and cholesterol content, serum lipoproteins and malondialdehyde, and antioxidant capacity were measured. One way ANOVA was used for analysis of the mean values of the variables and for pair-wise comparison of the groups we used Tukey's test. Group III had a significant decrease [P< 0.05] in the liver PAP activity compared to group II. In group II, consumption of the enriched cholesterol diet led to a significant elevation [P< 0.05] in serum lipoproteins compared to group I [control]. Also, sesame oil in group III decreased the serum lipoproteins, liver triglyceride, and liver cholesterol in comparison to group II [p<0.05]. However, a significant elevation [P< 0.05] in serum antioxidant capacity and a significant reduction in malondialdehyde level occurred in group III compared to group II [P<0.05]. Sesame oil can be effective in reducing risk factors of cardiovascular diseases by decreasing serum lipids through making desirable alterations in serum lipoproteins. Also addition of sesame oil to hypercholesterolemic diets can reduce the liver PAP activity resulting in reduced liver triglyceride synthesis, which can decrease the risk of development of fatty liver in hypercholesterolemic diets
ABSTRACT
The increase in the blood concentration of lipids after meals has a significant effect on induction of atherosclerosis. Vaccinium myrtilus has an antioxidant activity, and in this study, we aimed to determine the effects of this plant on atherosclerosis risk factors. In an experimental study, 24 male New Zealand rabbits were randomly designated into three groups of 8 rabbits: Group 1, normal diet; Group 2, a diet containing 1% cholesterol; and Group 3, a diet containing 1% cholesterol and 2% Vaccinium myrtilus powder. The blood glucose, total cholesterol [TC], triglyceride [TG], apolipoprotein B [ApoB], Alanine aminotransferase [ALT], Aspartate aminotransferase [AST], LDL-C [low density lipoprotein], nitrite, nitrate, fibrinogen, and factor VII, which are considered as atherosclerosis risk factors, were measured before the experiment and 3 hours after feeding. The data were analyzed using One-Way Analysis of ANOVA. The P-values below 0.05 [P<0.05] were considered as significant. Consumption of Vaccinium myrtilus significantly decreased the concentrations of LDL-C, TC, aminotransaminases [AST, ALT], ApoB, and fibrinogen compared to the hyper-cholesterolemic diet group [P<0.05]. However, there were no significant differences was found between the group taking Vaccinium myrtilus and hyper-cholesterolemic diet group with regard to the serum glucose, TG, factor VII, nitrite, and nitrate [P>0.05]. The results of this study show that acute consumption of Vaccinium myrtilus might have a protective effect on some atherosclerosis risk factors
ABSTRACT
Methyl mercury is a well- known environmental pollutant and toxicant to the nervous tissue, particularly during development of prodecure of brain. Low concentration of methyl mercury chloride [MMC] can be transferred to the fetus through the placenta and to newborn offspring through dam. This study aimed at investigating the toxicity significant difference effect of methyl mercury chlyoride on nearborn rat. In this experimental study 21 adult female Wistar rats were divided in 3 groups, 2 experimental and 1 control group, the experimental groups were inoculated with MMC 0.5 and 4.5 mg/kg on the 15[th], 16[th] and 17[th] gestation days. On day 25 after birth, 6 newborn rats from each experimental group were anesthetized. Blood samples were collected, alanine amino transferase [ALT], gamma glutamyle transferase [GGT], aspartate amino transferase [AST], alkaline phosphatase [ALP], tri iodo thyronine [T3], thyroxine [T4] and growth hormone [GH] were determined according to routine laboratory methods and the amount of mercury accumulation in some tissues were measured using atomic absorbtion. Histological examination of the brain, liver and kidney were also performed. The data were analyzed using Kruskal- Wallis and Mann Whitny tests. Serum analysis showed no significant difference in the experimental groups in GGT, AST, ALT, T4 compared to control group [P>0.05]. Also ALP, T3 and GH significantly increased compared to the control group [P<0.05]. The mercury accumulation significantly increased retrospectively in brain, thyroid, kidney and liver with the increase in the injection dose [P<0.005]. In the histopathologic study of the brain, degeneration and apoptosis were observed. This study showes that exposure to the low doses of induced MMC, reduces T3, growth hormone and it decreases ALP level in experimental groups compared to the control group. It may impair memory, learning and growth
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Infant, Newborn/metabolism , Infant, Newborn , Alkaline Phosphatase , Growth Hormone , Triiodothyronine , Rats, WistarABSTRACT
Background and aim: Enhancement of blood factor 7 or fibrinogen is considered as cardiovascular risk factors. This study was, therefore, aimed to evaluate the effects of Sesamum indicum seed and oil on fibrinogen and factor 7 in hypercholesterolemic rabbits
Methods: In an experimental study, 32 New Zealand rabbits were randomly designated into 4 groups of 8 and were fed for 60 days as following: normal diet, hypercholestrol [1%] diet, hypercholestrol [1%] diet+10% sesame seed, hypercholestrol [1%] diet+5% sesame oil. At the beginning and 60 days after the start of the study, the blood fibrinogen and factor 7 were measured and compared in different groups
Results: There was no difference for fibrinogen and factor 7 in different groups at the start of the study, however, the blood fibrinogen and factor 7 were increased in hypercholesterolemic group compared to normal diet group [P<0.05]. The amounts of blood fibrinogen and factor 7 were decreased in hypercholesterol+sesame seed and in hypercholesterol+sesame oil groups compared to hypercholesterol diet group [P<0.05]
Conclusion: Sesame seed and oil may have beneficial effects on cardiac function by decreasing blood fibrinogen and factor 7 as cardiovascular risk factors
ABSTRACT
Background and aim: Diabetes mellitus is considered as an important risk factor for clinical disorders such as nephropathy, neuropathy, retinopathy and cardiovascular diseases. Medicinal plants, due to low side effects, are considered as suitable alternativer chemical drugs. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the effect of artichoke [Cynara scolymus L.] aqueous extract on biochemical factors in Sterptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
Methods: In this experimental study, 24 male rats were divided into 4 groups. One group [control] received standard diet and the other three groups were injected by sterptozotocin to induce diabetes. Then one, among the three groups, received standard diet [diabetic control group] and the other two groups received 200 and 400 mg/kg artichoke aqueous extract for 21 days by stomach tube, respectively. At the end of the experiment, the blood samples were collected through cardiac puncture and serum triglyceride, total cholesterol [TC], glucose, HDL-C, LDL -C, VLDL-C, HbA1c, superoxide dismutase [SOD] activity of red blood cells [RBC], plasma malondialdehyde and antioxidant capacity were measured and compared by ANOVA and Tukey tests
Results: Artichoke extract significantly reduced serum TC, TG, VLDL-C, glucose, plasma malondialdehyde and HbA1c in treated diabetic rats as compared to diabetic control group [P<0.05]. Additionally, artichoke extract significantly increased the plasma antioxidant capacity, HDL-C, and superoxide dismutase activity of RBC in treated diabetic rats, compared to the diabetic group
Conclusion: The findings of this study showed positive effects of artichoke extract on lipoprotein profile, antioxidant status, and glucose tolerance in diabetic rats. Therefore, artichoke extract may be beneficial in control of diabetes, abnormalities in lipid profiles and reduction of oxidative stress by activation of SOD activity