[Pro oxidant and antioxidant status in patients with coronary artery disease proven angiographically]

Coronary artery disease [CAD] is the major cause of death in both industrial and developing countries. Evidences suggest that increase in free radical generation and/or attenuated antioxidant defenses may be involved in the pathogenesis of CAD. The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the plasma measures of oxidative stress in patients with coronary artery disease documented by angiography. In this study case-control study, fifty eight patients with angiographic ally proven coronary artery disease as cases and fifty five control subjects [Age range: 41-70 years and 39.71 years, respectively]were recruited form heart centre at Talaghani hospital affiliated with Urmia university of medical science. Plasma vitamin E concentration was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. Plasma glutathione and malondialdehyde were studied spectrophotometrially. Data analyses were performed y SPSS-11 statistical software, using t-test. Plasma malondialdehyde leels were markedly higher in the patients group than in the controls [114.93 +/- 40.65 micro mol/L versus 50.49 +/- 17.52 micro mol/L; P<0.05]. Both vitamin E or glutathione levels were significantly lower in patient group compared with controls [28.55 +/- 6.3 micro mol/L versus 32.07 +/- 7.4 micro mol/L; P<0.05 and 43.01 +/- 48 nmol/L versus 124.4 +/- 63.4 nmol/L; P<0.05 respectively]. Significant inverse correlations were seen between malondialdehyde levels and either vitamin E or glutathione concentrations [P<0.05]. Our finding of impaired balance between antioxidant/pro oxidant suggest that enhanced oxidative stress may be involved in the pathogenesis of CAD. Understanding of the event that contribute to these changes, may provide new opportunities for rational therapeutic strategies

[ evaluation of total antioxidant capacity and related markers in patients with chronic peritoneal dialysis]

Oxidative stress due to overproduction of reactive oxygen species and impairment in antioxidant defense mechanisms have been suggested as possible factors contributing to the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis in patients with end- stage renal disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate antioxidant markers of oxidative stress including glutathione and glutathione related enzymes [i.e. glutathione peroxidase [GPx] and glutathione reductase [GR]] as well as total antioxidant capacity in peritoneal dialysis [PD] patients. Twelve PD patients and 17 healthy controls [age range: 25-60 and 22-53 years respectively] were selected. Erythrocyte glutathione levels and plasma activities of GPx, GR and total antioxidant capacity were determined spectrophtometrically. Glutathione levels and GPx activity were significantly lower in the patients group than in controls [1.17 +/- 0.28 vs. 1.42 +/- 0.25 micro mol/ml and 57.1 +/- 21.8 vs. 142.5 +/- 31.7 U/L; p<0.05, respectively]. Higher levels of GR activity and total antioxidant capacity were noted in patient group [57.5 +/- 16.4 U/L and 0.60 +/- 0.09 micro mol/ml; respectively] in comparison to control group [32 +/- 9.4 U/L and 0.47 +/- 0.11 micro mol/ml; p<0.05, respectively]. Decreased glutathione levels and alteration in the activities of its related enzymes imply increased oxidative stress and disturbances of antioxidant defense systems in peritoneal dialysis patients. This condition may contribute to the development of accelerated cardiovascular disease and its morbidity and mortality in these patients

[Evaluation of measures of oxidative stress in patients with proven coronary artery disease [CAD] compared with normal persons]

Cardiovascular disease accounts for about 38% of the cause of death in Iran. The traditional risk factors cannot justify the high prevalence of the disease, and therefore oxidative stress has been proposed as a contributing factor in morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to evaluate the plasma measures of oxidative stress in patients with CAD presented with myocardial infarction [MI] or without MI compared with the control group. This study consisted of three groups as follow: 38 patients suffering from CAD without MI [mean age: 56.55 +/- 8.64], 20 CAD patients with MI [mean age: 50.85 +/- 7.79] and 55 healthy subjects [mean age: 49.85 +/- 8.5] as controls. Vitamin E concentration was determined through HPLC. And the amounts of glutathione and malondialdehyde were measured by spectrophotometer. Plasma malondialdehyde levels were markedly higher in patient groups than in control groups [P<0.05]. Lower glutathione levels were observed in patient groups compared with control group, whereas, reduced Vitamin E was only noted in CAD patients without MI [P<0.05]. No significant differences were seen between measures of oxidative stress in patient groups. Reduction of glutathione molecules as antioxidants and enhanced lipid peroxidation may be involved in pathogenesis of CAD through up-regulation of signaling pathways leading to tissue damage