Neutrophil CD64 in diagnosis of infection in systemic lupus erythematosus patients

Infection is one of the major complications as well as cause of death in systemic lupus erythematosus patients [SLE]. Differentiation between early infection and disease flare in these patients is often clinically difficult because both have similar signs and symptoms. To evaluate CD64 expression on neutrophils as an early marker that can discriminate between infection and disease flare in SLE patients. Also, its clinical utility in comparison with traditional laboratory tests used for detecting infection will be studied. The study included 38 subjects; 10 apparently healthy individuals as healthy controls and 28 SLE patients divided into three groups [10 SLE patients with infection, 10 SLE patients with flare and 8 SLE patients without infection or flare]. CD64 on neutrophils was measured using flow cytometry. Total leucocytic count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate and high-sensitive C-reactive protein were also measured. The median of the percentage of neutrophils expressing CD64 was higher in all SLE patients compared to normal control. It was significantly higher in SLE patients with infection than those with disease activity [P 0.001]. Using a cutoff value of >/= 17.6,% of neutrophils expressing CD64; it revealed 100% sensitivity and 100% specificity. The results of the present work showed that measurement of CD64 expression on neutrophils could be used as a sensitive and specific marker for detection of infection in SLE patients and differentiation between infection and disease activity

Electronystagmographic changes in pupils with profound hearing loss

The vestibular dysfunction is significantly present in profound sensory neural hearing loss and the acquired causes of deafness showed the higher abnormality of the vestibular system and postnatal acquired hearing loss is the most affected group

Incidence of manifest squint among school children in Mansoura

Among 20,124 primary school children examined in the various primary schools in the Eastern district of Mansoura. We found 202 cases of Manifest Concomitant squint [2%]. The highest frequency of squint was at the age of six years [40.1%] and the incidence decreases during the school life to [7.9%] at the age of 12 years. The commonest type of deviation was the convergent type representing 84.1 of all cases. There is no significant difference between girls and boys in this work, as we found that the boys 102 [50.5%] and girls 100 [49.5%]. Most of the case with convergent squint were hypermetropic of moderate degree ranging from + 2.5 D. to 4.0 D. whereas in divergent squint 12 cases were hypermetropic and 20 cases were myopic