Clinical efficacy analysis of functional rhinoplasty assisted by nasal endoscopy / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Objective: To analyse the clinical effect of endoscopy-assisted functional rhinoplasty. Methods: Twenty-one patients with congenital or traumatic deviated nose with nasal obstruction admitted to Qilu Hospital (Qingdao) from January 2018 to December 2021, including 8 males and 13 females, aged 22 to 46 years, were retrospectively analysed. Endoscopy-assisted functional rhinoplasty was performed in all patients. Deviated nasal septum was corrected, nasal septum cartilage graft was prepared through open approach assisted by endoscopy, the nasal frame structure was adjusted with the endoscopy-assisted rhinoplasty combined with middle and inferior turbinoplasty, and the patient's nasal ventilation function and external nose cosmetology were restored. Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (NOSE), nasal acoustic reflex and nasal resistance were examined preoperatively and 6 months postoperatively. The minimum cross-sectional area of the first two nasal cavities (MCA) MCA1 and MCA2 and their distance between nostrils to the minimum cross-sectional area (MD) MD1 and MD2 were recorded, and the ratio of both sides (expressed in a/b) was calculated. The nasal volume of 5 cm depth from nostril (NV5) and nasal resistance total (RT) were recorded to evaluate the nasal ventilation function to analyse the clinical effect of functional rhinoplasty assisted by nasal endoscope. SPSS 25.0 software was used for statistical analysis. Results: At 6 months after the operation, for nasal ventilation evaluation, the VAS and NOSE scores of nasal obstruction decreased significantly than those before the operation ((1.81±0.81) points vs (6.71±1.38) points, (4.19±2.06) points vs (12.05±2.67) points, all P<0.05). In the objective indexes, MCA1, MCA2 and NV5 were significantly increased whereas RT, MCA1a/MCA1b, MCA2a/MCA2b, MD1a/MD1b and MD2a/MD2b were significantly decreased compared with those before the operation (all P<0.05). The MD1 and MD2 levels before and after operation had no significant differences (all P>0.05). In the evaluation of external nose morphology, postoperative ROE was significantly increased, and the deviation value of nasal appearance was significantly decreased ((16.19±2.56) points vs (10.24±3.24) points, (1.55±1.16) mm vs (5.63±2.41) mm, all P<0.05). In terms of postoperative patient satisfaction, 19 cases (90.5%) were very satisfied with nasal ventilation function, 2 cases (9.5%) were satisfied with nasal ventilation function; 15 cases (71.4%) were very satisfied with nasal appearance, and 6 cases (28.6%) were satisfied with nasal appearance. Conclusions: Nasal endoscopy-assisted functional rhinoplasty can improve the nasal ventilation function and external nasal morphology at the same time, with good clinical effect and high patient satisfaction.

Decreased Cortical Thickness and Local Gyrification in Individuals with Subjective Cognitive Impairment

Objective@#Subjective cognitive impairment (SCI) is associated with future cognitive decline. This study aimed to compare cortical thickness and local gyrification index (LGI) between individuals with SCI and normal control (NC) subjects. @*Methods@#Forty-seven participants (27 SCI and 20 NC) were recruited. All participants underwent brain magnetic resonance imaging scanning and were clinically assessed using the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer’s Disease (CERAD) battery of tests. We compared cortical thickness and LGI between the two groups and analyzed correlations between cortical thickness/LGI and scores on CERAD protocol subtests in the SCI group for region of interests with significant between-group differences. @*Results@#Cortical thickness reduction in the left entorhinal, superior temporal, insular, rostral middle frontal, precentral, superior frontal, and supramarginal regions, and right supramarginal, precentral, insular, postcentral, and posterior cingulate regions was observed in the SCI compared to the NC group. Cortical thickness in these regions correlated with scores of constructional praxis, word list memory, word list recall, constructional recall, trail making test A, and verbal fluency under the CERAD protocol. Significantly decreased gyrification was observed in the left lingual gyrus of the SCI group. In addition, gyrification of this region was positively associated with scores of constructional praxis. @*Conclusion@#Our results may provide an additional reference to the notion that SCI may be associated with future cognitive impairment. This study may help clinicians to assess individuals with SCI who may progress to mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer’s dementia.

Radiation safety behavior model for dental hygiene departments of universities in South Korea

Background: Dental hygiene departments in Korean institutions of higher education regularly use radiography systems for educating students. Despite reports indicating that exposure doses from these radiation-generating devices are small, and thus, present low risks for causing physical harm or chromosomal abnormalities, the large numbers of people who participate in oral examinations involving dental radiography raise questions about the optimal methods for managing radiation safety

Materials and Methods: Social cognitive theory incorporating major variables pertaining to radiation safety management derived from the Haddon Matrix was used. This model proposes and refines an approach for enhancing the radiation safety behaviors of both professors and students in Korea's collegiate dental hygiene departments

Results: The results of the study indicate that professors respond most favorably to stated expectations for accomplishing effective radiation safety management; thus model proposes that enhancing safety behaviors among professors depends upon cultivating organizational environments with clear expectations. Students, in contrast, engage in desirable radiation safety management behaviors when they can display self-efficacy; thus, the model proposes that personal education that enhances their practical knowledge for engaging in desired behaviors is most desirable

Conclusion: To enhance the current radiation safety management behaviors of the collegiate dental hygiene departments in Korea, it will be helpful to establish a strategy arising from the model developed here

Significance of myc gene rearrangement and its correlation with prognosis in diffuse large B cell lymphoma / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the relationship between myc gene rearrangement and myc protein expression in diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL), and their correlation with prognosis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>One hundred and six cases of DLBCLs with follow-up data were analyzed using interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) technique. Immunophenotyping analysis for CD20, CD3, myc, Mum-1, CD10, bcl-6 was also performed using EnVision immunohistochemistry.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The percentages of tumor cells expressing myc, Mum-1, CD10 and bcl-6 were 70.8%, 56.6%, 21.7% and 26.4%, respectively. Twenty six cases (24.5%) were of GCB type and the rest (75.5%) were of non-GCB (non germinal center) type. The myc rearrangement was identified in 13 (12.3%) of 106 cases. 13 cases showed to be of non-GCB type. There was no correlation between myc rearrangement and myc protein expression. DLBCLs (n = 13) with myc rearrangement showed significantly poorer overall survival (OS) and progression free survival (PFS), with a median OS and PFS time of 4.7 and 3.2 months, respectively (for OS and PFS, P < 0.001). Multivariate analysis using Cox proportional hazard model confirmed that myc rearrangement, ECOG performance status of 2-4, immunophenotyping subgroup and myc protein were independent factors affecting the prognosis and significantly associated with the survival. However, myc rearrangement was the strongest prognostic factor.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>DLBCL with myc gene rearrangement is a subgroup of non-GCB DLBCL with poor outcome. It is an independent and useful factor for prognosis in DLBCL. Expression of myc is influenced by many factors and myc rearrangement may be one of these factors.</p>

Construction and in vitro evaluation of an infectious clone of the equine infectious anemia virus vaccine strain EIAV(FDDV) with four reverse-mutated vaccine-specific sites in the S2 gene / 病毒学报

To elucidate the function of the S2 gene in equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV) and its role in the attenuation of the Chinese attenuated EIAV vaccine strains, the S2 in the EIAV vaccine strain EIAV (FDDV) was reverse-mutated and the in vitro replication character of the resultant virus was evaluated. Based on the sequence variation of the S2 gene between the EIAV virulent strains and vaccine strains, all the four vaccine-specific sites in the S2 of an EIAV(FDDV) infectious clone, pFDDV3-8, were reverse-mutated to the sequences of the virulent strain EIAV(DV115). The reverse-mutated molecular clone pFDDVS2r1-3-4-5 was used to transfect fetal donkey dermal (FDD) cells for rescuing the derived virus vpFDDVS2r1-3-4-5. The production and replication of vpFDDVS2r1-3-4-5 in FDD cells were proved by RT-PCR, immune fluorescence assay and reverse transcriptase activity assay. Typical virons of EIAV were clearly observed under the electron microscopy. The parallel analysis of the dynamic replication of the reverse-mutated viral clone vpFDDVS2r1-3-4-5 and its parental virus vpFDDV3-8 showed that the virus with four reverse mutations in the S2 replicated only slightly slower than its parental vaccine strain in FDD cells. This result implicates that the mutations in the S2 of the EIAV vaccine strains did not significantly alter the viral replication in vitro. Further studies on the in vivo replication of the reverse-mutated viral clone are required for understanding the relationship between the S2 and the attenuated pathogenesis of EIAV attenuated vaccines.

Radiologic Reports: Attitudes, Preferred Type, and Opinion of Referring Physicians

PURPOSE: To determine referring physicians 'general attitudes, preferred reporting types, and opinions on radiologic reports. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A survey questionnaire was distributed to the 315 staff and residents of four university hospitals with 400 to 800 beds, and a total of 228 physicians responded. The questionnaire aimed to determine of the general attitude of referring physicians to radiologic reports, the type of report they preferred, and other opinions and suggestions. The responses elicited, as well as discrepancies among residents, staff, internist, and surgeons, were analyzed. RESULTS: Most referring physicians replied that they read an entire report regardless of its length, and the second majority read the conclusion first and then the remainder of the report only if clarification was required. With regard to report length, physicians answered that reports describing the findings of conventional radiography were often too short, while those dealing with MRI were verbose. The majority experienced occasional confusion when reading a report, the major cause being grammatical errors and incomprehensible sentence structure. When confused, most physicians consulted the radiologist; staff showed a greater inclination than residents to pursue this option. Most physicians preferred brief phrases or telegraphic-style sentences to a style which stressed completeness and detail, a preference which was statistically higher among residents than staff. Whereas physicians favored a brief radiologic report in cases of normal radiologic findings, conventional radiologic studies or no clinical findings, they wished to see a more detailed report in cases of abnormal radiologic findings, specific radiologic studies (special radiographs, US, CT, or MRI), or positive clinical findings. This need for more detail was expressed more frequently by internists than by surgeons. CONCLUSION: If implemented, the results of this study can be expected to enhance the quality and comprehensibility of radiologic reports, and may also lead to more efficient communication between radiologists and physicians.