ABSTRACT
Introduction: One of the most important causes of mortality and life threating problems is cardiovascular diseases. American Heart Association [AHA] estimated that, approximately 25 million death occurs because of cardiovascular disease till 2020, and this will be recognized as first cause of mortality. Studies show that control and decrease of risk factors, decrease of Ischemic Heart Disease [IHD]. The aim of this study was determining the effect of education on knowledge and attitude of patients who hospitalized in CCU and Post CCU of Mustafa Khomeini hospital of Ilam city about Risk Factors of Cardio-Vascular Disease in 2009
Methods: This study is a Descriptive study and Enterventional that 96 patients of CCU and Post CCU of Mustafa Khomeini hospital of Ilam were selected by Simple Random sampling. After education, knowledge and attitude of patients was assessed in respect of cardiovascular risk factors. Finally, collected data analyzed by SPSS package, chi-square, Fisher exact, Parried t-tests
Results: Patients knowledge in Respect of cardiovascular disease pre [25.93] and post [36.19] education, had a significant difference [P<0.001], also in respect of education of couple [P<0.03] and sex [P<0.05]. in case of attitude mean score there was significant difference between pre [23.5] and post [35.7] education, There was significant statistical correlation between education and age [P<0.05], education level [P<0.01], education level of couple [P<0.05] and monthly income [P<0.01]
Conclusion: Considering that cardiovascular diseases have an increasing trend of prevalence and knowledge and attitude of patients about them are relatively low and education to cardiac patients is effective in preventing of recurrent hospitalizations and prevalence of these diseases. We advise that education to cardiovascular patients be considered as the core of interventions of personnel, clinical trainers and students of nursing
ABSTRACT
Statement of Problem: There are more than 500 different bacterial species in the oral cavity which can cause tooth decay and periodontal diseases. Anacyclus Pyrethrum has been used to manage dental and periodontal diseases in traditional Iranian medicine
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the antibacterial activity of Anacyclus Pyrethrum against some of the oral bacteria, such as Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sanguis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Materials and Method: At first, The antibacterial effect of serial concentrations [1/10 to 1/100 mg/ml] of methanolic extract of Anacyclus Pyrethrum root were tested by using well assay method on Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sanguis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In the second examination, 150-1000 mg/ml concentrations were tested and the agar dilution method, recommended by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute Standards, was used. Then, the lowest concentrations of the extract which inhibited visible growth of organisms on the media plate; Minimum Inhibitory Concentration [MIC] and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration [MBC], were determined
Results: The inhibition zone was only seen in the 1.10 mg/ml concentration. The diameters were 15 and 12 mm in Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus sanguis agar media plate, respectively. In the second examination, the greatest inhibition zones were 27 mm for Staphylococcus aureus and 21 mm for Streptococcus sanguis in 1000 mg/ml. There was not any inhibition zone for Streptococcus mutans and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the concentrations. The MBC was achieved as 800 mg/ml for Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus sanguis. Streptococcus mutans and Pseudomonas aeruginosa grew in all the concentrations
Conclusion: The antibacterial effect of Anacyclus Pyrethrum extract against Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus sanguis was not significant. Anacyclus Pyrethrum had no antibacterial effect against either Streptococcus mutans or Pseudomonas aeruginosa
ABSTRACT
Canal preparation is one of the most important and time-consuming steps in endodontic treatment of primary teeth. Regarding the difficulties in behavior management of some children, rotary [nickel-titanium] files proved more facilities and speed and hence more success in the root canal treatment of primary teeth. The purpose of the present study is comparison of the success rate and cleaning time of pulpectomy in necrotic primary molar teeth using manual and rotary instruments. In this study which is an interventional in vivo clinical trial, 40 patients, mean age 5.7 +/- 0.92, were randomly selected and divided into two equal groups [I, II]. In the first visit, pulpotomy of the necrotic teeth was done for all of the cases. In the second appointment after local anesthesia and isolation of the teeth with rubber dam, preparation of the canals was done with pro-taper nickel-titanium files [S[1], S[2], F[2]] in the first group and with stainless steel manual K-files [10-30] in the second group. The total time needed for debridement was calculated exactly by chronometer. The canals were then filled with ZOE by using lentulo spirals and periapical radiography was prepared for all of the cases. The patients were followed-up in 3 and 6 months intervals and the statistical analysis were done by Non-Parametry Mann-Whitney test. The success rates of manual and rotary instruments were 85% and 90% respectively after 3 months. The success rate of the two groups [I, II] was 100% after 6 months follow-up and all of the signs and symptoms including pain, abscess, fistula and perapical radiolucency disappeared. The time needed for canal preparation was calculated 4.12 minutes [251.75 +/- 32.58 seconds] with Pro-Taper and 9.21 minutes [563.05 +/- 70.03 seconds] with manual instruments. The difference was statistically significant. The success rate of manual and rotary instruments was 100% in both groups but the preparation time [which is an important clinical factor for patients management] significantly reduced using rotary instruments. Hence, pulpectomy of the primary teeth using rotary instruments [Pro-Taper files] is recommended for root canal treatments in children