[Formulation of pediatric ibuprofen suppository]

Ibuprofen is a none-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug that is used for intensive to moderate inflammatory pains. This drug imposed some gastrointestinal [GI] disorders such as gastritis to the GI tract. Thus, preparation of Ibuprofen suppository especially for pediatrician who manage an anesthetic children with disability of swallowing or children sensitive to oral dosage forms is very useful. Besides, some difficulties with poor dissolution rate and bioavailability of the drug in the form of suppositories have been reported .Therefore, the aim of this study was to find an opportunity for solving the problem. In this study the effect of different quantities of drug [50,100 mg], of two sizes [60,100 micro m] in the base of Witepsol H15 and W35were used. Also, beta-cyclodextrin in different concentrations of 5% and10% for enhancing solubility and colloidal silicon dioxide for uniformity of suppository drug content and Tween 80 with 0.25,0.5and 1 percent concentrations were used in consecutive tests. The results of different evaluations indicated, that, a better formulation could be prepared using Witepsol H15 with 100 mg Ibuprofen [60micron particle size],0.5%Tween 80,10% beta-cyclodextrin and 0.5% colloidal silicon dioxide. The release of Ibuprofen in this formulation was 75% at 42.52min. Comparison of all formulations showed no significant difference in most parameters [p>0.05] excepting the formulation with Tween80 and beta-cyclodextrin which showed a significant differences [p<0.05] in drug release

[Anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive properties of fractionated extracts in different parts of Sambucus ebulus]

In Iranian folk medicine, the leaves and rhizomes of the plant Sambucus ebulus have been used topically for curing painful joint diseases. This study was undertaken to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive efficacy of different parts of Sambucus ebulus in mice and rats. Different parts of Sambucus ebulus were collected from Sari. Fruits, leaves and roots were fractionated by successive solvent extraction with hexane, ethyl acetate and finally methanol. Anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of extracts were determined using hot plate, writhing and carrageenan-induced inflammation tests in mice and rats respectively. Nearly all extracts showed a dose dependent and marked analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities when compared to the control. Only hexane extract of leaves did not show any anti-inflammatory activity up to 600 mg/kg i.p. Hexane extract possessed significantly higher activity than methanol extract. Ethyl acetate extract were withdrawn because of severe nociceptive response in mice. No extracts exhibited any toxicity up to 2 g/ kg body weight intraperitoneally in mice for one week. The results of the present study support the folkloric utilization of this herb. Hexane extract of fruits showed highest analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities. Phytochemical analysis, the elucidation of exact mechanism of action and active components responsible for the hypernociceptive effect of ethyl acetate extract requires further investigations