Alhagi maurorum extract has gastro anti-inflammatory activity

Gastric hyperacidity, gastro inflammation and ulcer are very common causing human suffering these days. Gastric initation mechanism is still very poorly understood as mentioned in many scientific articles. Alhagi maurorum is considered a medicinal plant with prospective potent flavonoids. GC-MS spectrum has found three flavone structures [2-phenyl-1, 4 benzopyrone] derivatives with more than 50% in the ethanolic plant extract. In rat experiment, ethanolic A. maurorum extract [100mg/kg bw oral daily] and ranitidine the standard ulcer drug [100mg/kg bw oral daily] were treated aspirin ASP [200 mg/kg bw oral] administrated two times through the 10 days. Some rats were sacrificed after both aspirin administrations and in the end of the experiment. Gastro fluid volume has been decreased in ASP group, and acid output was decreased for plant extract followed by ranitidine. Ranitidine and plant extract protect liver enzymes, oxidation status [MDA and GSH], fucosidase tumor marker and risk lipid ratio. No ulcer patterns have been shown in the histopathological study, but some inflammation in the gastric wall and vascular change dilatation of blood vessels were detected. More studies should be demonstrated potent natural plant extracts and their active components against gastro inflammation and ulcers

Diagnosis prevention and treatment of root caries

Concerns and issues about root caries have increased in the last decade. This represents a clinical challenge today as an increasing number of individuals are now living to an advanced age, and their awareness of the importance of maintaining their natural teeth has increased. This article reviews the literature concerning root surface lesions, along with the risk factors associated with their origin, diagnosis, prevention and treatment methods

transperitoneal, transverse, peritonealized bladder tube as a Boari flap alternative for lower ureteric substitution: with some surgical reconstructive pearls and perils

Three female dogs were subjected to an operation that entailed the excision of the lower half of the ureter prior to its replacement. In another two dogs, the ureter was ligated one week before mimic recurrent strictures, which were actually included when the procedure was applied to two adult men. A ureteric stent was employed in all cases with a refluxing transperitoneal ureteric-domal bladder flap anastomosis. No bladder catheter drainage was resorted to in animal cases. A postoperative IVU was obtained for the animals and humans at 2.5 and 3 months, respectively. In canine model, it was conducted under general anesthesia, with the use of abdominal belt, followed by the scarification of the animals for autopsy study. The operative time showed nearly no difference between either the fresh and recurrent cases or the animals and humans [mean time = 94.4 minutes]. All the seven cases sustained the operation and the postoperative course was very smooth in only six cases. One dog could get rid of the ureteral stent on the first postoperative day. This resulted in prolonged leakage, marked intraperitoneal adhesions together with a dilatation of the upper urinary tract in this dog. The successful cases showed a preservation of the renal function, good patency of the created tube and lacked any upper urinary tract dilatation

Urodynamic evaluation of surgical and endoscopic treatment of benign prostatic hyperlasia

Eighty eight patients suffering from outlet obstruction due to BPH were included in this study and divided into four groups: I open prostatectomy [TVP], II transurethral resection [TURP], III electrovaporization [TUEVP] and IV electrovaporesection [TUEVR]. All groups were age matched and had insignificant difference in means of prostatic size determined by TRUS. Patients with preoperative indwelling catheters were analyzed separately. Significant improvements were achieved in all groups in postoperative follow up of AUA symptom score in comparison with the baseline data. AUA score was significantly higher in TUEVP than in other groups during the first and third month visit. Detrusor instability was considerably reduced from 44.4%, 45.4%, 3.7% and 41.7% to 12.5%, 15.8%, 26.6% and 13.3% after relief of outflow obstruction in the four groups. However, this reduction was not statistically significant. Also, the degree of reduction in TUEVP was less than in the other groups. Other urodynamic parameters as low compliance, maximum flow rate, opening detrusor, detrusor pressure at maximum flow and volume of residual urine have significantly been improved after treatment without significant difference in the degree of improvement between the four groups

In unilateral advanced hydronephrosis with no urographic excretion: when to rescue the kidney or take the risk of nephrectomy?

This study included 36 patients [between 18 and 72 years] with one normal or compensating kidney. The other kidney has a cortex of 2 mm or less in thickness and was urographically not visualized. DMSA uptake was initially determined followed by PCN drainage in all cases.The drained urine was assessed two days and two months after tube drainage. DMSA scanning was repeated two months post-drainage. Urine output, specific gravity and creatinine clearance of the drained kidney were improved with a recognized difference at two months after drainage when daily urine output reached 1000 ml in two cases and specific gravity became >1010 in eight cases. The latter reached that figure in only three cases shortly after drainage. Creatinine clearance became >20 ml/min in four cases. Moreover, DMSA uptake was poor in five cases and no uptake in thirty-one cases before drainage. It became good in four cases and poor in fourteen cases post- drainage. Consequently, the kidney was repaired in 13 cases with favorable parameters and removed in 23 others. The study concluded that PCN is a simple and safe procedure that offers both subjective and objective means for precise assessment of renal function. It is wise enough to be done and left for two months if there is any doubt about hydronephrotic kidney function reversibility

t-shaped tube as a stent/ureterostomy is a useful adjutant among the urologic armamentarium

This study aimed to assess the clinical use of T-tube as a stent/ureterostomy. In 36 cases subjected to open surgical procedures on the kidney and/or ureter, T-shaped tube ureterostomy was done using 37 tubes. The tube should be modulated before placement to enhance its drainage and facilitate its later removal. The tube should not traverse the ureterovesical junction. Transtubal ureterogram was done before tube removal. The T-tube was used for ureteric drainage in the presence of obstruction distal to the site of intervention [thirteen cases], potentially obstructing stones proximal to that site [four cases] or intraoperative stone migration [seven cases]. In occasional need for open nephrostomy for obstructive anuria, T-tube upper ureterostomy was easy and safe. The tube was used as a ureteric stent [eight cases] and to stent the injured pelviureteric junction [two cases]