ABSTRACT
Partial nephrectomy, using open surgery or laparoscopy, is a standard surgical approach to treat renal disorders. The objective of this study was to compare and evaluate the feasibility and safety of laparoscopic partial nephrectomy using figure eight ligation technique. Mixed-breed dogs were randomly dedicated for partial nephrectomy using laparoscopy [n=6] and open surgery [n=6]. During 30 days after operation, clinical, hematological and ultrasonographic findings, intra- and post-operative complications, operation and ischemia times, urine analysis and incision length were recorded. Operations were performed successfully and dogs recovered without serious complications. All clinical and hematological findings were within normal range. Comparing two experimental groups, operation time and length of incisional scar were longer in open surgery and ischemia time was longer in laparoscopy [P<0.05]. In conclusion, using figure eight ligation, laparoscopy seems to be safer, more feasible, less time consuming in association with less bleeding for partial nephrectomy compared with conventional open surgery in dog
Subject(s)
Animals , Laparoscopy , Surgical Procedures, Operative , Dogs , Suture TechniquesABSTRACT
Few studies have examined the association between dietary patterns and bone mineral density [BMD]. The aim of the present study was to determine the association between dietary patterns and BMD in a sample of postmenopausal women living in Tehran. A group of 160 postmenauposal women participated in this cross-sectional study. Data were collected on their general characteristics, physical activity, and food consumption frequency using questionnaires, and their lumbar spine and femoral neck BMD were measured by dualenergy X-ray absorptiometry. Dietary patterns were identified using factor analysis, and multivariate logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratio [OR] for having lower BMD [values less than the median] as related to dietary patterns. Six dietary patterns were identified. The first [high consumption of high-fat dairy products, organ meats, red and processed meats, and whole grains] and the second [high consumption of French fries, mayonnaise, sweets and desserts, and liquid oils] patterns were associated with a lower BMD. Analysis of the data, after adjustment for potential confounders, showed that women in the second median of the first or the second dietary pattern scores were more likely to have a lower BMD at lumbar spine [OR=2.29, 95% CI: 1.05-4.96, P=0.04] and femoral neck [OR=2.83, 95% CI: 1.31-6.09, P<0.01], respectively. Dietary patterns rich in foods with a high content of saturated fats [similar to the first pattern] or those with a low density of essential nutrients for bone health [similar to the second pattern] may be negatively associated with BMD in postmenopausal women living in Tehran
ABSTRACT
Eating disorders are the result of behavioral disorders associated with many complications. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of these problems in high school girls in Yazd city. This cross-sectional study was commenced in 2010 and ended in 2011. The population studied were 1400 high school girl students in Yazd city who were study by cluster sampling method. Eat-26 questionnaire was used for diagnosing eating disorders and for identifying those at risk. Variables such as age, parents education, menstrual status, birth order and family size were also recorded. Data were analyzed using SPSS software package and chi-square, Fisher's exact test and pearson correlation coefficient test. For the definition of obesity and overweight BMI and CDC BMI charts were used. Of the subjects,16.7% were suffering from overweight or obesity;169 students [12%] were at the risk of eating disorders. Between BMI status and risk of eating disorders a significant relationship was detected, so that 51.7% of those at risk, were suffering from obesity or overweight. In this study, 7 students [0.5%] had anorexia nervosa and 74 students [5.3%] were diagnosed with bulimia nervosa showing no significant relationship with the variables mentioned. Totally 689 students [51.3%] were dissatisfied with their current weight out of which the 21.4% wanted to gain weight while 78.6% were willing to lose their weight. Satisfaction with weight status and BMI found to be were significantly correlated. This study, like many other similar studies, showed that the epidemiological transition, cultural interaction and changing of values has increased incidence of eating disorders and has been considerably high compared with the past decades, thus reguiring speculation and employment of effective measures in dealing with these disorders