Comparative study between intranasal midazolam and ketamine as a preanesthetic medication for children

The perfect pre anesthetic medication and its ideal route of administration are still debated, However for pediatric day-case surgery premedication is frequently omitted because of the fear that it will prolong the child's recovery and hospital discharge time. The effects or intranasal midazolam 0.2 mg.kg-1 and placebo were compared as regard to separation score, induction score, recovery time and hospital discharge time. Sixty children, ASA I and II, aged between 2 and 6 year undergoing a day case surgery, were randomly allocated into 3 groups separation and induction scores were satisfactory in midazolam [85%, 75%] and ketamine [80%, 70%] groups and poor in placebo [10% - 15%] [P < 0.05]. Recovery time was the same as the placebo. Also the hospital discharge time was nearly the same

Hypertonic saline versus isotonic prehydration with spinal anaesthesia for elective cesarean section

Sixty healthy women [ASA I and II] at term undergoing elective cesarean section were allocated randomly to receive either lactated Ringer's 20 ml/kg body weight group I [30 partiurients] or 3% hypertonic saline 6 ml/kg body weight group II [30 parturients] over 15 minutes immediately before spinal anaesthesia as a preload. After spinal anaesthesia the incidence of hypotension was greater [43% "13/30"] in group I than in group II [17% "5/30]. Also, the main dose of ephedrine required to correct arterial blood pressure was significantly greater in group I than in group II. The outcome of the newborns was uneventful in both groups and Apgar scores at 1 and 5 minutes exceeded 8 in every case. Also, the mean pH of umbilical artery did not differ between the two groups. Prehydration with hypertonic saline 3% resulted in less hypotension after spinal anaesthesia than prehydration with isotonic saline [Lactated ringer]

Decay dynamics of fenvalerate in mentha piperita L and in the resulting oil

A synthetic pyrethroid, fenvalerate [alpha-cyano-3-phenoxy-benzyl alpha-Isopropyl-4-chlorophenylacetate.] was applied to peppermint plants. The residues were determined in peppermint herb and in the resulting oil at different intervals after spraying. Gas-liquid chromatographic analysis was performed on a 5% OV-101 AW/CW with[63] Ni electron capture detection. Fenvalerate recovery was 90% when added at the 5 ppm level. Tracing the residue data are indicated hereafter