ABSTRACT
Background: Stroke is the second most common cause of death and disability in developed Countries. Ischemic stroke is the most common, with an estimated incidence of approximately 80%.Studies have shown that dyslipidemia, including high levels of plasma or serum total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) and apolipoprotein B (ApoB) and low levels of high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) is a risk factor for the progression of atherosclerosis and the development of cardiovascular disease. Attempts are being made to include the use of lipoprotein ratios to optimize the predictive capacity of lipid profile in risk evaluation.Objective: The objective of the present study is to evaluate the effect of hepatic lipase activity on lipid profiles and lipoprotein ratios in ischemic stroke patients.Methodology: Two hundred healthy and ischemic stroke subjects were recruited in the study after obtaining informed written consent. They were divided into six groups considering age classes. Group 1-3 were control subjects (n=100) and 4-6 were ischemic stroke subjects (n=100). Weight, height, hepatic lipase activity and plasma lipid profiles were measured and lipoprotein ratios calculated using Excel software. Statistical analyses were performed using GraphPad prism computer software version 5.00 and SPSS version 22 software programme.Results: Hepatic lipase activity in the stroke subjects was significantly (P<0.0001) lower than control subjects (P=0.0001, 20.21 ± 0.3706 µmol/h/ml vs 30.50 ± 0.3928 µmol/h/ml). The stroke subjects had significantly (P<0.05) higher SBP, DBP and BMI compared to the control. Abnormal plasma lipid parameters were obtained in the stroke subjects compared to the control subjects. The stroke subjects had significant (P<0.0001) elevated TC, TG, LDL-C, VLDL-C, Non- HDL-C, CRI-I, CRI-II, AC, TG/HDL-C and AIP as well as lower HDL-C and HDL-C/LDL-C. LDL-C/HDL-C ratio (0R=490488439.6, 95% CI=0.078 - 3.102E+18 P=0.000) is the major risk factor for the development of ischemic stroke.Conclusion: Hepatic lipase activities were lower while higher BP, BMI and dyslipidemia were obtained in the ischemic stroke subjects
ABSTRACT
The effects of oral administration of sulfadoxine - pyrimethamine [SP], artesunate [A] and sulfadoxine -pyrimethamine - artesunate [SPA] on blood chemistry and brain serotonin in rabbits were investigated. Forty rabbits were divided into four groups of ten animals each. The group that served as the control received 2ml of distilled water while the other groups were received 1.25/25mg base/kg body weight of SP, 3.3mg/kg body weight of A and 1.25/25mg base/kg body weight of SP plus 3.3mg/kg body weight of A respectively by oral route daily for 3 days in a week for four weeks. At the end of each week of drug administration, three rabbits from each group were anaesthetized, blood was taken from the jugular veins using sterile needle and serum was extracted. The rabbits were sacrificed by decapitation; the liver and brain tissues were excised and homogenized. Total blood protein, cholesterol, triglyceride, albumin, creatinine and urea concentrations, creatine kinase, aspartate transaminase [AST], alanine transaminase [ALT], alkaline phosphatase, ALP activities were assayed using CX5 synchron autoanalyzer. The brain and liver serotonin levels were determined using high performance liquid chromatography [HPLC]. There were no significant differences [P