ABSTRACT
Background: there is evidence of antibacterial properties of human chorioamniotic layer. However, the distinctive contribution of its individual parts, amniotic and chorionic membranes, to these effects is still unknown. The aim of present study was comparison of the antibacterial effects between amniotic and chorionic membranes
Methods: chorioamniotic layer was removed from placenta belonging to 43 healthy mothers whose infants were delivered by caesarean section. Their amniotic and chorionic fetal tissues were manually peeled in sterile conditions. The antibacterial effects of all membrane samples were evaluated on 8 standard strains of bacterial collection using disk diffusion method on bacteriologic media. Results of bacterial growth inhibition in the presence of amniotic or chorionic membranes were measured and recorded as median+/-IQR. For data analysis and statistical comparison of samples, Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U-test were applied using SPSS [v. 18]
Results: amniotic and chorionic membranes significantly showed different level of growth inhibitory effects on 8 bacterial strains including seven pathogens: E. coli, Bacillus cereus, Klebsiella pneumonia, Streptococcus pyogenes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Shigella flexneri and one probiotic: Lactobacillus plantarum [p=0.018 and p<0.001, respectively]. The number of bacterial growth inhibition zones around chorionic membranes was more than of what found around amniotic membranes
Conclusion: The superiority of antibacterial effects of the chorionic membrane compared with the amniotic membrane can represent the key role of maternal part in placenta in protecting the fetus against possible infections. The antimicrobial effect of amniotic and chorionic membranes is significantly different on various bacteria
ABSTRACT
Background and Aim: Nowadays resistance to antibiotics and their side effects has emerged as a worldwide problem. As a result, tend to use anti-bacterial compounds of plant origin has been increased. Mint plant scientifically called Mentha spicata L. is one of the plants which has many medicinal uses and its antibacterial effects is a matter of debate. We aimed to study antibacterial effects of Mentha spicata L essential oil on 8 standard bacterial species including Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Shigella flexneri, and two Salmonella species
Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, using micro-dilution broth method and reading the results by ELISA reader, minimum inhibitory concentration [MIC] and minimum bactericidal concentration [MBC] of mint essential oil were determined against the 8 standard bacterial strains. The lab tests were repeated for three times. The results were analyzed by statistical tests
Results: The MIC for Mentha spicata L essential oil was significantly different among the bacterial species [p <0.05]. The highest growth inhibitory effect was found against Bacillus cereus and the least ones were recorded against Klebsiella pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus. No significant difference was found between the bacterial MBCs [p> 0.05]
Conclusion: This study revealed significant and selective antibacterial characteristics for Mentha spicata L suggesting to be used in pharmaceutical and food industries