ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To compare the efficacy between intravitreal bevacizumab and combination treatment (bevacizumab and macular photocoagulation) for the treatment of diabetic macular edema (DME). In addtion, changes of DME type were researched using optical coherence tomography. METHODS: The present study included 90 eyes with bevacizumab injection and 38 eyes with combination treatment. Using chart records, patients were reviewed until 6 months after treatment. The present study compared changes of visual acuity (VA) and macular thickness at each follow up. DME was classified into 4 types and the morphologic pattern was compared. RESULTS: In patients with the bevacizumab injection only, VA improved from 0.29 +/- 0.18 to 0.48 +/- 0.26 at 1 month and returned to 0.32 +/- 0.20 at 6 months after treatment. In the combination treatment, VA improved from 0.32 +/- 0.22 to 0.52 +/- 0.26 at 1 month and returned to 0.36 +/- 0.18 at 6 months after treatment. There was no significant improvement of VA at the final follow-up with either treatment. There was significant decrease of macular thickness except in the mixed DME type. CONCLUSIONS: The combination treatment did not yield better VA or macular thickness reduction at 6 months than bevacizumab injection alone. By classifying and observing the change of DME type, determining the treatment objectively and predicting the effectiveness of treatment can be helpful.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Angiogenesis Inhibitors/administration & dosage , Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/administration & dosage , Diabetic Retinopathy/complications , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Fluorescein Angiography , Follow-Up Studies , Fundus Oculi , Intravitreal Injections , Laser Coagulation/methods , Macular Edema/diagnosis , Microscopy, Acoustic , Retrospective Studies , Tomography, Optical Coherence , Treatment Outcome , Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/antagonists & inhibitors , Visual AcuityABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To compare the efficacy between intravitreal bevacizumab and combination treatment (bevacizumab and macular photocoagulation) for the treatment of diabetic macular edema (DME). In addtion, changes of DME type were researched using optical coherence tomography. METHODS: The present study included 90 eyes with bevacizumab injection and 38 eyes with combination treatment. Using chart records, patients were reviewed until 6 months after treatment. The present study compared changes of visual acuity (VA) and macular thickness at each follow up. DME was classified into 4 types and the morphologic pattern was compared. RESULTS: In patients with the bevacizumab injection only, VA improved from 0.29 +/- 0.18 to 0.48 +/- 0.26 at 1 month and returned to 0.32 +/- 0.20 at 6 months after treatment. In the combination treatment, VA improved from 0.32 +/- 0.22 to 0.52 +/- 0.26 at 1 month and returned to 0.36 +/- 0.18 at 6 months after treatment. There was no significant improvement of VA at the final follow-up with either treatment. There was significant decrease of macular thickness except in the mixed DME type. CONCLUSIONS: The combination treatment did not yield better VA or macular thickness reduction at 6 months than bevacizumab injection alone. By classifying and observing the change of DME type, determining the treatment objectively and predicting the effectiveness of treatment can be helpful.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Angiogenesis Inhibitors/administration & dosage , Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/administration & dosage , Diabetic Retinopathy/complications , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Fluorescein Angiography , Follow-Up Studies , Fundus Oculi , Intravitreal Injections , Laser Coagulation/methods , Macular Edema/diagnosis , Microscopy, Acoustic , Retrospective Studies , Tomography, Optical Coherence , Treatment Outcome , Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/antagonists & inhibitors , Visual AcuityABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To evaluate antioxidative and preventive effects of sea tangle extract on selenite-induced cataract formation. METHODS: Eighty SD rat pups were randomized into 8 groups. Group 1 received no injection of reagent (normal); Group 2 to 8 received injection of selenite (15 micromol/Kg, s.c.) was injected. In group 2 (control) and group 3, normal saline (i.p.) and ascorbic acid (i.p.) was injected on days 3~31. In groups 4~8, sea tangle extract (i.p.) was injected at a concentration of 12.5, 25, 50, 100, 200 mg/kg, respectively. Development of cataract was assessed and photographed weekly under slit lamp. Rat lenses were analyzed for antioxidant enzymes, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase and malondialdehyde. Furthermore, an amino acid analysis of sea tangle extract was performed. RESULTS: Significant differences (p<0.05) were seen in cataract development in group 7. Dense nuclear cataracts developed in 8 of 10 of the control group (group 2); Group 4~8 developed nuclear cataract with proportion of 6/10, 3/10, 2/10, 1/10, and 6/10 rats. In sea tangle injected group, levels of GPx were higher than in the ascorbic acid and control groups. In particular, group 7, injected with 100 mg/kg of sea tangle extract, showed significantly high level of enzyme. Results of the amino acid analysis showed sea tangle includes glutamate-glycine-cysteine, major constituents of glutathione (GSH). CONCLUSIONS: The glutamate-glycine-cysteine in sea tangle is supposed to increase the level of lens GSH and this may contribute to lowering cataract development. This study strongly supports the activity of sea tangle as an endogenous antioxidant and anticataract agent.
Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Antioxidants , Ascorbic Acid , Cataract , Glutathione , Glutathione Peroxidase , Malondialdehyde , Sodium Selenite , Superoxide DismutaseABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To evaluate the effects of TGF-beta inhibitor on the wound healing process after corneal laceration, and its inhibitory effect on corneal scar formation. METHODS: Forty Lewis rats were randomly divided into one control and three experimental groups (groups I, II, and III). After partial-thickness vertical linear corneal incision, a diluted solution with 10, 25, and 50 microgram of TGF-beta inhibitor was instilled into each eye of groups I, II, and III respectively. Corneal haze was measured by using slit-lamp biomicroscopic examination. Using histopathologic examination, we compared the number of stromal keratocytes and the arrangement of regenerated collagen fibers. We also performed immunohistochemistry to confirm the differential expression of fibronectin and alpha-smooth muscle actin in each group. RESULTS: Group III showed less corneal haze and more regular arrangement of regenerated collagen fibers than the other groups. The number of stromal keratocytes and immunoreactivity to fibronectin and alpha-smooth muscle actin decreased as the dose of TGF-beta inhibitor increased. CONCLUSIONS: TGF-beta inhibitor effectively reduced corneal haze during corneal healing processes after corneal laceration.