Auditing Appendectomy in Benue State University Teaching Hospital, Makurdi, Nigeria

Appendicitis is the leading cause of surgical admission in most hospitals in Nigeria and the removed appendix, a frequent surgical specimen in most routine histopathological laborato-ries in Nigeria. The aim of this study is to audit the appendectomy procedures in Benue State University Teaching Hospital. Sixty-two appendices removed for acute appendix in Benue State University Teaching Hospital, Makurdi, Nigeria middle belt, over an 8-year period were analyzed. Twenty-eight (45%) were found to be normal, while 29 (46%) showed histopathological eviden-ce of acute inflammation. There were 5 (9%) cases of unusual pathologies which include a case each of metastatic adenocarcinoma and chronic granulomatous inflammation (2% each) and 3 (5%) cases of schistosomiasis. The Negative Appendectomy Rate (NAR) was 27% in females compared with 18% in males. Adult (>16 years) represented 29% of the NAR. The overall NAR was 45%. The NAR in this study is considerable higher when compared with existing literature. In a poor resource center like Benue State University Teaching Hospital, due diligence in taking detailed history coupled with good clinical examination cannot be over emphasized. The use of a combination of Total Leukocyte Count (TCC) and C-Reactive Protein (CPR) in every patient may help in reducing NAR, though it's definitely going to be impossible to eradicate it.

Characterization of the intensive care unit (ICU) admissions in the Benue State University Teaching Hospital

Today, intensive care units (ICUs) of most hospitals in developed countries have become sepa-rate departments staffed by career intensive care physicians or intensivists from various fields of medicine. In Nigeria, however, ICUs are still part of the anaesthesia department and critical care constitutes a significant part of the workload and responsibilities of anesthetists. This study was carried out to ascertain the types of disease conditions that were brought into the ICU for management at the Benue State University Teaching Hospital (BSUTH), interventions undertaken as well as the outcome of such admissions. A total of 125 patients were evaluated. The age bracket between 21 and 30 years recorded the highest figure of 28 accounting for 22.4% of the study population. This was followed by the age bracket between 31 and 40 years with 24 representing 19.2%. The study population was made up of 81 males and 44 females making up 64.8% and 35.2%, respectively. The most frequent conditions occasioning ICU admissions are post laparotomy (24.8%), head injury (18.4%), and burns (11.2%). A total of 289 inter-ventions in various combinations were carried out on these patients. Of these, monitoring of the patients was undertaken 106 times, representing 36.7%. Oxygen therapy followed closely with 102 (35.3%). The lowest number of days spent by patients in the ICU in this study, was 1, while the longest was 35 with a mean of 5.97 days ± 7.76 days. Majority of the patients, 68, were discharged from the ICU to the wards making up 54.4% of the study population. This was closely followed by those that died, 50, accounting for 40.0% of the study population. This study has established that in our ICU, the most common indications for admission were post-laparotomy, head injury and burns. Also, it has been observed that most of the patients underwent haemod-ynamic monitoring and oxygen therapy. Finally, while most patients admitted were discharged to the wards, a good number also died in the ICU.

Surgical peripheral lymph node biopsies in Makurdi, Nigeria

This study aims at determining the diagnostic value of peripheral lymph node biopsy and com-mon causes of lymph node enlargement from biopsies obtained from patients with lymph-node enlargement at different sites in a teaching hospital in north central Nigeria town of Makurdi, Benue State. This is a retrospective study of surgical peripheral lymph node biopsies received in the department of Anatomic Pathology, Benue State University Teaching Hospital, Makurdi, Ni-geria from February, 2012 to September, 2019. Total number of lymph node biopsies during the period was 47 representing 1.0% of surgical pathology specimens submitted to the department; 25 cases were females and 22 were males. Metastatic nodal involvement (57%), lymphoma (23%) and tuberculosis lymphadenitis (11%) were the most common causes of lymph node enlargement. All the studied nodes were localized. The most common sites of lymphadenopathy were axillary (21%), cervical (16%) and Inguinal (6%). While axillary lymph node enlargements were mostly associated with tumor metastasis, cervical and inguinal node enlargements were mostly associated with tuberculosis and lymphoma, respectively. Surgical excision of nodal en-largement for histological examination represents a simple, good diagnostic yield with lack of significant morbidity or mortality.