ABSTRACT
The aim of the study is to characterize markers of apoptosis in children with ALL in relation to treatment outcome of the disease. The study was performed on 34 children with ALL and 60 healthy children as a control group. Apoptosis was assessed by cell morphology; DNA fragmentation; ELISA and RT-PCR for CD95, CD95L, BcL2 and NF-KB; and flowcytometry for CD95, CD40, CD49d, and CD11a. Apoptosis was significantly lower in cases than controls. Apoptosis detected by CD95 ligand was significantly lower in cases with no remission after treatment than those with remission. Antiapoptotic factors: CD40, BcL2, and NF-KB were all found to be higher in cases than controls and in cases with no remission than those with remission, CD49d was significantly lower in cases than controls, and significantly lower in cases with no remission. CD11a levels were not different among various groups. Delayed apoptosis of ALL cells is genetically controlled either directly or indirectly by a network of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. CD40 appeared to stimulate both T and lineage and is considered the most potent influencer and predictor to resistance to therapy. Inhibitors for the activity of CD40, 8c/2 and NF-kB as well as stimulants to CD95 could have a potential therapeutic benefit
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Apoptosis , CD40 Antigens/blood , fas Receptor , Flow Cytometry , ChildABSTRACT
This study aimed to determine the prevalence of anemia among pregnant women in rural areas of Belbis district, Sharkia Governorate, Egypt and to assess the effect of iron supplementation and nutritional educational program on the level of hemoglobin in blood. A cross-sectional study was conducted, followed by intervention prospective study. Women attended the antenatal clinics in two primary health care units of Belbis district through December 2000; which amount to 100 women 50 in each primary health care unit were included in this study. Data was collected as regard to their age, parity, educational level and occupation. All participating women were subjected to hemoglobin analysis during the first time, after one month and two months. Women with hemoglobin level less than 11 gm/dl were considered anemic. Chi-square and t tests [paired and unpaired] were applied to test the relationships among study variables. The prevalence of anemia among pregnant women at the first time booking was 55%. After the intervention nutrition education program and iron supplementation, the prevalence declined after three months down to 32%. While, the prevalence after the same period for pregnant women in the control group [non intervention group] was 46%. Both parity and educational level affected significantly the prevalence of anemia only among the intervention group. This study suggested that anemia is still high among pregnant women and integrated intervention programs should be considered prior to conception