ABSTRACT
The human chronic metabolic disease is predominantly associated with the disturbance in the lipid, proteins and nucleic acid biological balance due to the attack of free radicals generated from oxidative stress. Currently, the available synthetic antioxidants are synthesized by food industries are very effective and inexpensive but as chronic use, it exhibits many toxicological health effects like synthetic drugs. Hence, plant origin antioxidants gained increasing attention all over the world. In this regards, Olive tree (Olea europaea L.) belongs to Oleaceae family and its by-products such as olive leaves and olive oil are highly focused by many researcher due to its potential therapeutic effects in a reversal of various chronic diseases without any side effects. Oleuropein and Oleic acid are the major components in the olive by products and attributes olive as a holly natural remedy and also olive oil considered as a potential food ingredient in the Mediterranean diet. The fat content in olive fruits is higher than olive leaves. Whereas, the protein ratio is higher in olive leaves and more abundance of Oleuropein, which contributes major health benefits as compared to olive oil. Oleic acid with high MUFA ratio contributes to the major health benefits of olive oil to several human chronic diseases.
ABSTRACT
Diabetes mellitus is on of the most common non-communicable diseases, and if uncontrolled, targets multiorgan systems with serious debilitating and life threatening sequelae. Most diabetic cases fall under the type-2 category, characterized by relatively late onset, development of insulin resistance and for deficiency. Type-I diabetes on the other hand, manifest early during childhood and has an autoimmune component to it, that causes a severe deficiency in the circulating levels of insulin. The study included 32 diabetic child [17 males and 15 females] their age ranged from 3 to 14 years and 20 apparently healthy control of matching age and sex. All patients subjects for the following investigations: fasting glucose level, glycated hemoglopin[HBA[1]c],nitric oxide[NO], thiobarbituric acid [TBARS], hydrogen peroxide[H[2]O[2]], total antioxidant [TAO]and Bcl-2. Serum levels of glucose, HBA[1]c, NO[2], H[2]O[2] and TBARS were significantly higher in diabetic patients than in controls while serum levels of TAO and Bcl-2 were significantly lower in diabetic patients than in controls. Also there were positive correlations between serum glucose level with H[2]O[2], TBARS and NO serum levels and negative correlations between serum glucose level with TAO and Bcl-2 serum levels. In conclusion, Bcl-2 [as an anti-apoptotic factor] and oxidative stress state imbalance play an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus