Difference between arabic primary school pupils with and without phonological errors on literacy skills: an upper egypt sample study

Reading and writing are complex tasks. Children who have adequate phonological skills at the time they start to read and write may be less likely to demonstrate difficulty acquiring literacy skills. Theoretical support exists for the finding that many children with expressive phonological impairment experience problems in literacy skills, [specially reading and spelling], however, the exact mechanisms underlying this deficit remain controversial. The aim of the study is to determine the link between literacy skills [especially reading and spelling] and phonological development in a sample of Arabic 1 y school pupils. In this study, 380 pupils are tested using Intelligence scale, Arabic articulation and reading tests. Analysis of data showed that isolated phonological error may had no impact on phonological awareness and literacy skills rather than multiple phonological errors which affect phonological representation and awareness and so have a more impact on literacy skills

study of disfluency type in Egyptian Arabic Normal non-fluent and stuttering children

The disfluency type was studied in 25 normal non-fluent Egyptian children aged between 7 ys. I m to 6 years and 52 stuttering children aged between 2 ys to 11 ys 5 ms. The two groups showed a highly significant difference for word repetition and a significant difference for syllable repetition. There was no difference regarding other types of disfluencies, namely, sound prolongations and blocks. The value of these findings was discussed in comparison to old and recent similar researches on English-speaking children

fiberoptic naso, laryngoscopic study of the two pharyngeal Arabic phonemes /H with strock/and/C with cedilla/

Twenty-nine middle aged Jordanian Arabic speakers were examined using fiberoptic naso-pharyngo-laryngoscopy aiming to investigate thoroughly the place and manner of articulation of the Arabic pharyngeal phonemes /H with strock /and/C with cedilla/. The place of articulation, indicated by the most degree of narrowing allover the vocal tract in all subjects, was the level of laryngo-pharynx. The main 'articulator' was the epiglottis. This was true for both /H with strock /and/C with cedilla/ with almost the same degree, together with the backward movement of the tongue root and the medial movement of both lateral pharyngeal walls at two levels; namely: the oropharynx and laryngopharynx. No laryngeal elevation was recorded

Construction of an arabic reading test for assessment of dyslexic children

Dyslexia is a specific language-based disorder of constitutional origin, characterized by difficulties in phonological processing. The Arabic language differs in many aspects from foreign languages and the few previously designed Arabic tests for assessment of dyslexia did not pay attention to phonological awareness problems. This necessitates the design of an Arabic test which could properly assign specific difficulties among Arabic reading dyslexic children, including phonological awareness as a major contributing factor for dyslexia. The study was carried out in Assiut City, Egypt, during the period from September 1999 to the end of January 2001. The newly designed Arabic Reading Test [ART] in this work passed through many stages. Firstly, test construction by 11 Arabic teachers [specific judges]. Secondly it was applied, in a pilot study, to 50 normal students [9-10 years old] to ascertain clarity of the test. Then test standardization was proven through application on a second sample [n=252 students], and third sample [n=58 dyslexics]. The reliability of the ART was proven by the test-retest method [r=0.913, p<0.01]. Validity was proven by judgment validity, internal consistency validity [ranged from 0.238 for auditory perception to 0.940 for phonological awareness and spelling], contrasted group validity, and criterion related validity [in relation to Schonell r=0.859, Awaad reading r=0.817, Awaad comprehension r=671, mid-term Arabic scores r=0.686]. The ART was thus proven to be highly reliable, and valid for assessment of dyslexia among Arabic reading children. It has great value in predicting dyslexia even among preschool age Arabic speaking children, through assessment of their phonological awareness skills, and thus, remediation programs can be properly and early directed

pilot study of cases of incomplete mutation of voice using minnesota multi-phasic personality inventory

In a trial to search for the aetiological factors of incomplete mutation of voice [pubertal dysphonia] that may be used for psychological background, 15 adolescent males diagnosed as having incomplete mutation of voice and 20 age-matched control cases were tested using the Arabic version of Minnesota multi-phasic personality inventory. The analysis of data showed no evident specific personality dysfunction or psychopathology in these subjects

Assessment of posterior pharyngeal wall augmentation in cases of velopharyngeal insufficiency by conchal cartilage graft

Posterior pharyngeal wall augmentation is an effective method for correcting mild to moderate cases of VPI. This was done on 12 patients with VPI by using a conchal cartilage with its perichondrium which was harvested from the ear. Localization of the site of implantation was determined using nasoendoscopy. This surgical technique carries many advantages as it allows more augmentation of the posterior pharyngeal wall due to the archiform shape of the conchal cartilage which is easily taken without donor side morbidity and easy to be harvested. A larger sample is needed with long-term follow up periods. Also, the phoniatric assessment of these cases showed that the proper selection of cases with mild or moderate degrees of open nasality is essential for using this technique