A cohort study on dietary cholesterol intake and hypercholesterolemia among adults in 9 provinces and autonomous regions / 中华流行病学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the association between dietary cholesterol intake and hypercholesterolemia among Chinese adults.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>In 2009, 4 244 adults aged 25-65 years old who participated in both 2004 and 2009 China Health and Nutrition Surveys, and with complete biochemical and dietary data were selected. Hypercholesterolemia were defined as with total cholesterol ≥ 6.22 mmol/L, according to 2007 Chinese Guidelines on Prevention and Treatment of Dyslipidemia in Adults. Non-conditional logistic regression was used to investigate association between dietary cholesterol intake and hypercholesterolemia.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The average total cholesterol was 4.9 mmol/L, with prevalence of hypercholesterolemia as 9.6%, in 2009. During 2004 to 2009, dietary cholesterol showed a dramatical increase, with lower intake groups the most. Males who consumed middle or lower dietary cholesterol in 2004 and high intake in 2009 had significantly higher risk of having hypercholesterolemia. However, similar findings did not appear in females.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The associations between dietary cholesterol intake and hypercholesterolemia were different among Chinese males and females. Dramatic increase of dietary cholesterol intake was related to higher risk of hypercholesterolemia in males.</p>

Application of ROC curve in non-communicable diseases screening / 中华预防医学杂志

The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis has been widely used in the evaluation of screening validity in Epidemiology and in determining the optimal operating point. At present, theories about ROC curves and computation methods have been established mainly based on cross-sectional data. It is important to understand the characteristics and the progress of ROC application in order to explore more researches on optimal cut-off value, which could also give suggestions on non-communicable diseases (NCD) prevention and control. This study reviewed the application of ROC curve analysis and softwares in NCD and pointed out the future work.

Trend of dietary nutrient intake among adult females in 9 provinces in China, 2000-2011 / 中华流行病学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate trend of dietary nutrient intake among adult females in China.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The changes of dietary energy and major nutrient intake among females aged 25 to 55 years in 9 provinces were analyzed by using the data from Chinese Health and Nutrition Survey, 2000-2011 (CHNS) and indicators of Chinese Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) 2013.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>During the past decade, the proportion of females with the intake of energy and protein meeting the requirement of recommendation decreased, while the proportion of females with low carbohydrate (< 50% energy) and high fat (> 30% energy) intakes increased. Meanwhile, the vitamin and mineral intakes among the females were also unsatisfactory, only small proportion of the females met the requirement for micronutrient intake, and this proportion continued to decline. In 2011, the proportion of the females who met the requirements for energy and protein intakes were 43.0% and 54.4%, respectively; the proportion of the females with low carbohydrate and high fat intakes were 40.2% and 63.8%, respectively; the proportion of females who met the requirements for vitamin A, thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, vitamin C and vitamin E intakes were 25.2%, 10.7%, 6.9%, 54.9%, 24.3% and 88.5% respectively and the proportion of females who met the requirements for calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc and selenium intakes were 3.3%, 23.6%, 50.9%, 75.7% and 13.3% respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Further nutritional education and intervention is needed to improve nutrition status among Chinese females.</p>