ABSTRACT
We conducted this study to investigate the efficacy of the silicon gel application on the nares in prevention of nasal injury in preterm infants ventilated with nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP). Patients (n=179) were randomized into two groups: Group 1 (n=87) had no silicon gel applied to nares, and in Group 2 (n=92), the silicon gel sheeting was used on the surface of nares during ventilation with NCPAP. Nasal injury developed in 13 (14.9%) neonates in Group 1 and 4 (4.3%) newborns in Group 2 (OR:3.43; 95% CI: 1.1-10.1; P<0.05). The incidence of columella necrosis was also significantly higher in the Group 1 (OR: 6.34; 95% CI: 0.78-51.6; P<0.05). We conclude that the silicon gel application may reduce the incidence and the severity of nasal injury in preterm infants on nasal CPAP.
ABSTRACT
Objective : We investigated experimentally the in vivo prophylactic efficacies of linezolid; teicoplanin and vancomycin in subcutaneously implanted dacron graft infection caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Materials and methods : Dacron grafts (1 cm2) were aseptically implanted into subcutaneous pockets that were surgically prepared in the backs of 50 rats. Ten of these rats were used as the control group (group I). Grafts in the remaining 40 rats were infected by inoculation of MRSA at the concentration of 2 x 107 colony-forming units (CFU) / ml. Ten of these rats constituted the contaminated; untreated group II. The other three study groups comprising 10 rats each were contaminated and then treated with linezolid (group III); teicoplanin (group IV) and vancomycin (group V); respectively. All rats were sacrificed and the grafts were removed after seven days and evaluated. Results : The bacterial count decreased in the rats from the groups treated with linezolid; teicoplanin and vancomycin. The linezolid and teicoplanin groups; however; showed a significantly lower bacterial number than the vancomycin group (p = 0.009 and p = 0.01). The intensity of inflammation was highest in the contaminated; untreated group; as expected. Conclusions : Single-dose linezolid; teicoplanin and vancomycin for peri-operative prophylaxis may prevent bacterial growth in vascular graft infections. The effect of linezolid and teicoplanin seemed similar and their effect was greater than that of vancomycin
Subject(s)
Animals , Antibiotic Prophylaxis , Infections , Staphylococcus aureus , Treatment Outcome , Vascular Grafting/therapyABSTRACT
The effect of hepatocellular trauma due to bile reflux and endotoxaemia on liver glycogen metabolism was studied in guineapigs with common bile duct obstruction. Considerable drops in basal glycogen levels of hepatocytes from bile duct ligated (BDL) animals were recorded in comparison with the sham operated (SHAM) ones. However, the regurgitation of bile did not affect the basal blood glucose concentrations of BDL guineapigs. The circulating glucose was consumed, mainly reflecting the level of energy requirement of the peripheral tissues in the endotoxaemic SHAM pair-fed animals and the BDL group. The hepatic glycogen stores failed to prevent the SHAM group from becoming hypoglycaemic at the end of the eighth hour after endotoxin administration. Enhancement in glucose consumption and diminished liver glycogen indicated the necessity of glucose intake in the early phase of extrahepatic bile duct obstruction. It was concluded that both endogenous and exogenous glucose have limited value in improving energy metabolism in lethal endotoxaemia following bile duct obstruction.