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1.
Actual. SIDA. infectol ; 27(99): 12-19, 20190000. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1354218

ABSTRACT

El absceso de músculo psoas iliaco se considera una rare-za. Su detección ha mejorado con la utilización de imágenes como la tomografía computada o la resonancia magnética. Presentamos una revisión de casos de absceso de psoas-iliaco internados entre julio de 2015 y febrero de 2018 en un hospital de CABA, Argentina.En este periodo se diagnosticaron un paciente conside-rado de origen primario y ocho de origen secundario. Se observó predominio de colecciones asociadas a es-pondilodiscitis. El síntoma más frecuente fue la fiebre. Staphylococcus aureus fue el germen más rescatado en muestras microbiológicas. Se debe tener alto índice de sospecha de esta patología ante la presencia de fiebre, dolor lumbar y en ocasiones alteración de la marcha. El empleo de antibióticos de amplio espectro sumado a la evacuación de colecciones constituyen la estrategia más efectiva


Psoas-iliac muscle abscess is considered a rarity, the use of images such as computed tomography or magnetic reso-nance imaging has improved its detection.This study reviews cases of psoas-iliac abscess in hospi-talized patients between July 2015 and February 2018 in a hospital in CABA, Argentina.In one of the patients the origin was considered primary ,while in the other eight it was secondary. There was a pre-dominance of collections associated with spondylodiscitis. The most frequent symptom was fever. Staphylococcus au-reus was the most frequent organism obtained in microbio-logical samples. A high level of suspicion must be held in the presence of fever, lumbar pain and sometimes alteration of the gait. The use of broad spectrum antibiotics in addition to evacuation of collections is the most effective strategy.


Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Staphylococcal Infections/therapy , Psoas Muscles/pathology , Psoas Abscess/diagnosis , Psoas Abscess/etiology , Psoas Abscess/therapy , Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use
2.
Actual. SIDA. infectol ; 22(85): 64-68, set.2014.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-780406

ABSTRACT

La criptococosis es una de las infecciones oportunistas más frecuentes en pacientes con infección por HIV. La toxicidad de la anfotericina B y el aislamiento de un número creciente de cepas resistentes a fluconazol determinan la necesidad de tratamientos alternativos y estrategias novedosas. Este artículo presenta un paciente HIV positivo con criptococosis meníngea sin negativización de los aislamientos de Cryptococcus neoformans con el tratamiento convencional de inducción con anfotericina B más fluconazol, y respuesta favorable al sustituir este último antifúngico por voriconazol...


Cryptococcosis is one of the most common opportunistic infections in patientes with HIV infection. The toxicity of amphotericin B and isolation of an increasing number of strains resistant to fluconazole dictate the need for alternative treatments and novel strategies. This paper presents an HIV positive patient with cryptococcal meningitis without negativisation Cryptococcus neoformans isolates with conventional induction therapy with amphotericin B plus fluconazole, and favorable to the latter replaced by voriconazole antifungal response...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Amphotericin B/adverse effects , Amphotericin B/toxicity , Amphotericin B/therapeutic use , Antifungal Agents/therapeutic use , Cryptococcus neoformans/pathogenicity , Fluconazole/therapeutic use , Histoplasmosis/pathology , Meningitis, Cryptococcal/pathology , Pneumonia, Pneumocystis/pathology , HIV Seropositivity/pathology
3.
Actual. SIDA. infectol ; 22(85): 64-68, 20140000. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1532535

ABSTRACT

La criptococosis es una de las infecciones oportunistas más frecuentes en pacientes con infección por HIV. La toxicidad de la anfotericina B y el aislamiento de un número creciente de cepas re-sistentes a fluconazol determinan la necesidad de tratamientos alter-nativos y estrategias novedosas. Este artículo presenta un pacien-te HIV positivo con criptococosis meníngea sin negativización de los aislamientos de Cryptococcus neoformans con el tratamiento con-vencional de inducción con anfotericina B más fluconazol, y respues-ta favorable al sustituir éste último antifúngico por voriconazol


Cryptococcosis is one of the most common opportunistic infections in patients with HIV infection. The toxicity of amphotericin B and isolation of an increasing number of strains resistant to fluconazole dictate the need for alternative treatments and novel strategies. This paper presents an HIV positive patient with cryptococcal meningitis without negativisation Cryptococcus neoformans isolates with conventional induction therapy with amphotericin B plus fluconazole, and favorable to the latter replaced by voriconazole antifungal response


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , HIV Infections/therapy , Meningitis, Cryptococcal/therapy , Cryptococcosis/therapy , Voriconazole/therapeutic use
4.
Rev. argent. microbiol ; 45(2): 99-103, jun. 2013.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1171778

ABSTRACT

UNLABELLED: We report the first case in Argentina of community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus with intermediate susceptibility to vancomycin and nonsusceptibility to daptomycin. CASE REPORT: A male patient with a history of chronic renal failure on hemodialysis and hip fracture osteosynthesis was admitted to hospital for persistent febrile syndrome following the displacement of the prosthesis by trauma. Blood cultures grew community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. During treatment with vancomycin and daptomycin, a gradual increase in vancomycin MIC of 1 Ag/ml (VSSA) to 2 Ag/ml (h-VISA) and 4 Ag/ml (VISA) was observed, as well as the emergence of non-susceptibility to daptomycin (MIC = 4 Ag/ml). By suspending vancomycin and daptomycin, the strain reversed to the susceptible phenotype to both drugs. It is mandatory to evaluate by MIC the susceptibility to vancomycin and daptomycin during treatment when these drugs are used as therapy.


Subject(s)
Daptomycin/pharmacology , Community-Acquired Infections/microbiology , Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus/drug effects , Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus/isolation & purification , Vancomycin/pharmacology , Young Adult , Argentina , Humans , Male , Microbial Sensitivity Tests
5.
Medicina (B.Aires) ; 72(4): 283-286, ago. 2012. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-657517

ABSTRACT

Recientemente se ha observado un aumento en la prevalencia de Staphylococcus aureus resistente a la meticilina (SAMR) en pacientes ambulatorios con infecciones de piel y partes blandas (IPyPB). Los datos epidemiológicos locales disponibles son limitados. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, prospectivo, de consultantes con IPyPB en la División Infectología del Hospital General de Agudos Juan A. Fernández, en el período 01/10/2009 a 31/01/2011. Fueron 130; edad mediana 36 años (RIC 25.9-43.5); hombres 61.5%. El 46.9% era HIV+. Cien cultivos (76.9%), de 100 pacientes, resultaron positivos: 83 S. aureus, 8 Streptococcus spp. y 9 con otros microorganismos. De los S. aureus aislados, 62 (74.7%) fueron resistentes a oxacilina, 12 (14.4%) a clindamicina, 14 (16.9%) a eritromicina, 5 (6%) a ciprofloxacina, presentando en algunos casos más de una resistencia. Todos fueron sensibles a rifampicina y minociclina, y 98.8% (82) a trimetoprima-sulfametoxazol. El 83.8% (52) de los pacientes con SAMR tenían algún factor de riesgo (FR), sin diferencias con los pacientes con otros aislamientos. La presentación clínica más frecuente de IPyPB / SAMR fue forunculosis: 56.4 (35/62) vs. 28.9% (11/38) en infecciones por otros microorganismos (p = 0.013). La resistencia a oxacilina fue similar entre pacientes HIV+ y negativos (79.1 vs. 70%, p = 0.179) (34/43 vs. 28/40). Concluimos que en la población estudiada se encontró una alta prevalencia de SAMR, independientemente de la serología para HIV o la presencia de FR. Las opciones de tratamiento empírico para este microorganismo son minociclina y trimetoprima-sulfametoxazol.


An increased prevalence of community-acquired methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in skin and soft tissue infections (SSTI) has been recently reported. Epidemiological data in Argentina is limited. Our objectives were to evaluate etiological agents, clinical presentation, risk factors and evolution of SSTI in ambulatory patients, in a descriptive and prospective study that was performed at the Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Fernández, City of Buenos Aires, Argentina, from 10/01/2009 to 01/31/2011. A total of 130 samples were analyzed from 130 patients. Median age: 36 years old (IQR 25.9-43.5); 61.5% were men. HIV infection: 46.9%. Positive cultures were obtained from 100 samples (76.9%): S. aureus 83, Streptococcus spp. 8, and other microorganisms 9. Sixty two (74.7%) of S. aureus isolates were oxacilin resistant, 12 (14.4%) clindamycin resistant, 14 (16.7%) erythromycin resistant and 5 (6%) ciprofloxacin resistant. Some samples presented more than one resistance. All were susceptible to rifampicin and minocycline and 98.8% (82) to trimethoprim- sulfamethoxazole. Of the MRSA patients, 83.8% (52) had at least one risk factor. No significant differences were found in relation to patients with bacterial infections different from MRSA. The most frequent clinical presentation of MRSA-SSTI was furuncle; 56.5% (35/62) vs. 28.9% (11/38) in other SSTI isolations (p = 0.013). Oxacilin resistance was similar among HIV positive and negative patients (79.1 vs. 70%, p = 0.179) (34/43 vs. 28/40). In conclusion: a high prevalence of MRSA was found in this population, irrespective of HIV serology or the presence of risk factors. Empirical treatment options for this microorganism are minocycline and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial , Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus/isolation & purification , Soft Tissue Infections/microbiology , Staphylococcal Skin Infections/microbiology , Ambulatory Care , Argentina , Community-Acquired Infections/microbiology , HIV Infections/complications , Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus/drug effects , Prospective Studies , Risk Factors
6.
Rev. argent. microbiol ; 44(2): 89-93, jun. 2012. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-657617

ABSTRACT

Se cultivaron 81 hisopados rectales en el medio CHROMagar KPC y por el método del CDC. Fueron positivos para Klebsiella pneumoniae KPC en CHROMagar KPC, 9/81 y 6/81 con el método del CDC. El medio CHROMagar KPC tuvo dos falsos positivos: 1 K. pneumoniae y 1 Acinetobacter sp. Los falsos positivos del método CDC fueron: 25 Acinetobacter spp., 2 Escherichia coli y4K. pneumoniae. El empleo del medio CHROMagar KPC resultó ser un método con mayor recuperación de aislamientos productores de KPC y menos falsos positivos que el método del CDC. Para evaluar los falsos positivos en el medio CHROMagar KPC se cultivaron 1247 hisopados rectales. Se obtuvieron 1021 negativos, 171 K. pneumoniae KPC y 55 (4,4 %) falsos positivos. Debido al desarrollo de falsos positivos en el medio CHROMagar KPC, se debe confirmar por caracterización fenotípica la presencia de KPC en las bacterias aisladas.


Eighty one rectal swabs (RS) were cultured on CHROMagar KPC and the CDC method. Of the 81 samples, 9 were positive for KPC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae on CHROMagar KPC, and 6 for the CDC method. CHROMagar KPC had two false positive (FP) results: 1 K. pneumoniae and 1 Acinetobacter sp. FP results on the CDC method were: 25 Acinetobacter spp., 2 Escherichia coli and 4 K. pneumoniae. CHROMagar KPC yielded a better recovery of KPC-producing bacteria and less FP results than CDC method. In order to evaluate FP results on CHROMagar KPC, 1247 RS were cultured and yielded 1021 negatives, 171 KPC-producing K. pneumoniae and 55 FP (4.4 %). Because of the FP results growing on CHROMagar KPC, KPC must be phenotypically confirmed in the bacteria isolated.


Subject(s)
Humans , beta-Lactam Resistance , Bacterial Proteins/analysis , Bacteriological Techniques/methods , Culture Media , Carbapenems/pharmacology , Klebsiella pneumoniae/isolation & purification , Rectum/microbiology , beta-Lactamases/analysis , Agar , Acinetobacter/enzymology , Bacterial Proteins/genetics , Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S. , Chromogenic Compounds , Escherichia coli/enzymology , False Positive Reactions , Klebsiella pneumoniae/drug effects , Klebsiella pneumoniae/enzymology , Klebsiella pneumoniae/genetics , Mass Screening , Phenotype , United States , beta-Lactam Resistance/genetics , beta-Lactamases/genetics
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