ABSTRACT
This study aims to evaluate the root canal system and its curvature and the relationship between the root concavity and the dentin thickness of danger zone in the mandibular first molar using the cone beam CT method. A sum of 101 fresh extracted mandibular first molar were gathered and scanned by CBCT [planmeca romexis 3D] machine. The root canal configuration was evaluated according to Vertucci's classification. Then, the canal curvature was evaluated according to schneider's method in clinical and proximal views. Finally, the relationship between the root concavity and the dentin thickness of danger zone was evaluated using the Pearson correlation coefficient. The most common canal configuration of the mesial roots was vertucci type IV [49.5%], followed by type II [46.5%]. Root canal configuration of the distal root revealed type I in 50.5% and type II in 29.7%. The average angles in proximal dimension for MB, ML, DB and DL canals were 18.80, 18.77, 8.22 and 16.86, respectively. These values in clinical dimension were 22.50, 21.90, 13.83 and 12.04, respectively. No meaningful relationship was found between the dentin thickness and the root concavity of danger zone. The clinician's awareness of the anatomy of the root canal system and the canal curvatures and the internal and external anatomy of the root is helpful and necessary in diagnosis and treatment of the endodontic cases
ABSTRACT
Successful local anesthesia is the bedrock of pain control in endodontics. Pain control is essential to reduce fear and anxiety associated with endodontic procedure. The aim of study was, identifying and comparison of the anesthesia efficacy of articaine and articaine plus morphine for buccal infiltration in mandibular posterior teeth with irriversible pulpitis. This randomized double-blind clinical trial included 75 patients with symtomatically irreversible pulpitis in mandibular teeth. Patient divided 3 groups randomly received either a buccal infiltration of 4% articaine with 1:100000 epinephrine or articaine morphine with 1:100000 epinephrine or IAN block of 2% lidocaine with 1:800000 epinephrine. Self-reported pain response was recorded on VAS scale before and after local anesthetic injection during access preparation. For statistical analysis were used chi[2], t-test, one way ANOVA and Mann Whitney. Statistical analysis result show success rate of articaine [68%], articaine morphine [52%] and lidocaine [64%]. There was no statistically difference in the success rate between groups. Addition of the morphine to articaine does not increase success rate of buccal infiltration
ABSTRACT
The adverse effects of periodontitis on dental pulp have long been argued. The purpose of this study was to investigate stereological indices of dental pulp in patients with advanced periodontitis compared with healthy people. In this case-control study, 15 single-rooted permanent teeth of patients with advanced periodontal diseases and that of people with healthy periodontium, as control group, were investigated. All teeth were intact, and without filling and decay. After tissue processing, longitudinal serial sections of the tooth were prepared and stained by Masson's trichrome. A grid containing organized points superimposed on the images of each section randomly. Then, the points hit with each subject were counted. The volume of pulp and its components in both groups were estimated, using Cavalieri's principle. Data were analyzed using Mann-Whitney U test. The significance level was considered as p<0.05. No significant difference was observed between the groups in terms of inflammation and calcification intensity [p<0.05]. Microscopic evaluations of tissue sections showed significant increase in predentin thickness in periodontitis group than control group [p<0.05]. In addition, statistically significant reduction was observed in periodontitis group with respect to pulp absolute volume, volume density, odontoblastic layer absolute volume, collagen fibers absolute volume, and absolute pulp blood vessels volume, compared with control group [p<0.05]. Results showed periodontal disease affects stereological parameters of pulp. Because of reduction of pulp volume and narrowing of root canal, precise diagnostic and therapeutic considerations are recommended during treatment of those teeth
ABSTRACT
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the tissue responses to octacalcium phosphate [OCP] and calcium hydroxide [CH] used as direct pulp capping [DPC] materials in cat teeth. 72 premolar teeth of 9 cats were selected and divided into 3 groups [Two experimental and one control group]. After the cats had been anesthetized, the pulp were exposed and capped directly with OCP, CH or no capping material as control group. The cavities of all three groups were filled with Glass ionomer cement [GI]. Histological evaluations were performed at two, four and eight weeks after pulp capping. After tissue preparation procedures, paraffin blocks were prepared. After preparation and staining of the sections, the relevant variables were measured by optical microscope. The results were analyzed using Mann-Whitney U and Chi-square tests [alpha =0.05]. Two weeks after pulp capping, all specimens in three groups showed mild to sever inflammation. The formation of hard tissue [dentinal bridge] at the exposed areas of the experimental groups was more noticeable for calcium hydroxide than that of octacalcium phosphate group. These differences were statistically significant [P<0.001]. At four weeks, hard tissues were observed in both groups which were more evident for the CH group and there were statistically significant difference between two experimental groups [p<0.003]. At eight weeks, continuous hard tissues were observed in both groups and there were no statistically significant difference between them [P>0.05], but hard tissues continuity were better for the OCP than that of the CH. It seems that the formation of hard tissue in CH because of its porosities had a worse percentage in sealing of the pulp than the OCP