ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: In comparison with other industries, the construction industry still has a higher rate of fatal injuries, and thus, there is a need to apply new and innovative approaches for preventing accidents and promoting safe conditions at construction sites. METHODS: In this study, the effectiveness of a new incentive system-the surprising incentive system-was assessed. One year after the implementation of this new incentive system, behavioral changes of employees with respect to seven types of activities were observed. RESULTS: The results of this study showed that there is a significant relationship between the new incentive system and the safety performance of frontline employees. The new incentive system had a greater positive impact in the first 6 months since its implementation. In the long term, however, safety performance experienced a gradual reduction. Based on previous studies, all activities selected in this study are important indicators of the safety conditions at workplaces. However, there is a need for a comprehensive and simple-to-apply tool for assessing frontline employees' safety performance. Shortening the intervals between incentives is more effective in promoting safety performance. CONCLUSION: The results of this study proved that the surprising incentive would improve the employees' safety performance just in the short term because the surprising value of the incentives dwindle over time. For this reason and to maintain the surprising value of the incentive system, the amount and types of incentives need to be evaluated and modified annually or biannually.
Subject(s)
Construction Industry , MotivationABSTRACT
Introduction and Aims: in today's world hazard and related risks are vary and most severity of them are so high that it is practically impossible to compensate for the resulting consequences. Risk assessment is a logical method to evaluate the hazards that discus to detect hazards and their potential impact on people, materials, equipment and the environment. The aim of this study was to identify hazards and assess the risks of different units of the Jahantormoz Company using the Frank - Morgan method
Methods: this Descriptive study was conducted at 12 unit of Jahantormoz manufacture in 2013. In this study, hazards and exist controls was identified by using hazard detection and control checklist then final comparison was conducted by calculating the total investment at risk and the overall risk
Results: according to surveys conducted the highest and lowest hazard scores respectively were obtained from mix [215] and Central warehouse [87] units and highest and lowest control scores respectively were obtained from Perform [234] and Central warehouse [164] units. Also, highest and lowest Risk index respectively were obtained from Cutting unit [88] and central warehouse [-10] units. Finally, Packaging was dedicated highest overall risk index
Conclusion: considering that the packaging unit has the highest overall risk index, this unit has priority in control and required controlling measures should be performed
ABSTRACT
Background and aims: Development and rapid increase of computer usage in all aspects of industry and society has been caused remarkable increase in musculoskeletal disorders of upper limbs. So, this study was conducted to determine the prevalence of upper musculoskeletal limbs disorders, to assess potential risk to them and their relations with demographic characteristics among computer users of a power company`s Computer Users
Materials and Methods: In this cross sectional and descriptive - analytic study, all computer users who worked in official units [60 people] of a power company that had entry criteria were chosen in 1390. In this study, Nordic questionnaire and RULA method were used. Data gathering was analyzed by applying SPSS13 software, statistical tests, Chi-Square and Independent Sample T- test
Results: The results of the questionnaire revealed that the most pain was related to back [80.00%], neck [73.30%], arms/ wrists [73.30%], and shoulder [46.70%] respectively, in past year. There was also significant relation between the outbreak of back musculoskeletal disorders with age variations, job experience, and users` length [p<0.05]. The results of RULA revealed that 73.3%, 6.7% and 20% of computer users were exposed to medium, high, and very high risk of exposure to work, respectively
Conclusion: Computer users were determined from the medium risk level to very high risk level. Thus, in accordance with determined priority level of corrective action, ergonomic intervention and changes commensurate with working condition should be carried out. In order to prevent disorders and obtaining more efficiency, ergonomic instructions related to working with computer were trained to staffs and recommendations were presented in this field
ABSTRACT
New technologies using hazardous materials usually have certain risks. It is more serious when the technology is supposed to be applied in a large scale and become widely used by many people. The objective of this paper was to evaluate the risk of vapor cloud explosion in a hydrogen production process. Potential hazards were identified using the conventional hazard identification method [HAZID]. The frequency of the proposed scenarios was estimated from statistical data and existing records. The PHAST professional software was applied for consequence modeling. Both individual and societal risks were evaluated. This cross-sectional study was conducted from June 2010 to December 2011 in a Hydrogen Production Plant in Tehran. The full bore rupture in heat exchanger had the highest harm effect distance. The full bore rupture in desulphurization reactor had the highest [57% of total] individual risk. Full bore rupture in heat exchanger was the highest contributor to social risk. It carried 64% and 66.7% of total risk in day and night respectively. For the sake of safety, mitigation measures should be implemented on heat exchanger, reformer and hydrogen purification absorbers. The main proposed risk reductive measures included; the increasing of installed equipment elevation, the application of smaller vessels and pipes