ABSTRACT
Background and Aim: There are several reports about analgesic, anti-depressant, anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, sedative, and anti-spasmodic effects of Jasminum sambac. The aim of this study was to investigate the analgesic effects of Jasminum sambac hydroalcoholic extract and determine the role of GABAergic and opioidergic pathways in rat model by a plantar device
Material andmethods: Wistar male rats were randomly divided into six groups [n=6] including control, the groups treated with hydroalcoholic extract of Jasminum Sambac [100, 200, 400, mg/kg, ip] and the groups which received the most effective dose of the extract in addition to naloxone or flumazenil. The analgesic effect was assessed by plantar device after 30, 60 and 90 min of the injections
Results: Our results showed that injection of hydroalcoholic extract of Jasminum sambac [200 mg/kg, ip] increased significantly the time delay in response to thermal pain inducing effect at 30, 60 and 90 [P <0.05] min after injection in the experimental groups compared to that in the control group. While, addition of naloxone, prevented analgesic effect of the extract at all three times [P <0.05]. This pattern of reduction of extract analgesic effect was significant only 60 min after concomitant administration of the extract with flumazenil
Conclusion: The results indicated the analgesic effect of Jasminumsambac extract. Considering the preventive effect of naloxone on the analgesia produced by Jasminum sambac, opioidergic pathway seems to be dominant in the development of Jasminum sambac analgesic effect
ABSTRACT
Liver plays important roles in the production of bile, detoxification, and elimination of foreign material and synthesis of plasma proteins. Obstructive cholestasis is one of the liver disorders that can result in increased concentration of oxidants and inflammatory agents in the liver. In traditional medicine, Cichorium intybus has been used as a liver protectant, anti inflamatory and detoxifying agent. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of chloroformic extract of Cichorium intybus on liver functional tests and serum level of TNF- alpha in cholestatic rat model. In this experimental study, male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 5 groups [n= 6] including sham operated, control [Bile Duct Ligation [BDL] + vehicle], and 3 groups with BDL + extract treatments [100, 200, 400 mg/kg/day ip]. These groups were treated for seven days and on the eighth day, prothrombin time [PT], serum albumin, alanine amino transferase [ALT], aspartate amino transferase [AST], total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase [ALP] and lactate dehydrogenase [LDH], were measured by calorimetric and TNF- alpha was measured by ELISA methods. The results were analyzed by one way ANOVA. The results of the present study showed that the Cichorium extract [100 mg/kg/day] decreased the serum level of direct bilirubin, AST, ALT, and TNF- alpha significantly compared to the control group [p <0.05]. Furthermore, at the higher dose [200 mg/kg/day] PT, ALP, LDH and AST decreased significantly in comparison to the control group [p <0.05], while the serum albumin level increased significantly in the treated animals [p <0.05]. In conclusion, we found that, low doses of chloroformic extract of Cichorium intybus protected the liver against obstructive cholestasis induced -injury