ABSTRACT
Diabetes is a disease characterized by elevated uncontrolled glucose level. Hyperglycemia results in diabetic complication due to a reaction between sugar and amino acid of proteins to form advanced glycation endproducts [AGEs] in different tissues. Medicinal plants are considered as a great source of bioactive compounds that affect many ailments. In this regard; AGEs formation could be inhibited by many bioactive compounds isolated from medicinal plants. Viscum schimperi Engl. is a plant belongs to Loranthaceae and known for its antidiabetic activity. In this study; total methanol extract of V. schimperi [VT] was prepared, suspended in water and subjected to fractionation with chloroform followed by n-butanol to give [VC] and [VB] fractions respectively. The aqueous mother liquor was evaporated to form [VA] fraction. The inhibitory effect of all prepared fraction on the formation of advanced glycation endproducts [AGEs] was studied. The results revealed that V. schimperi extract and its different fractions inhibited protein glycation and oxidation of BSA induced by ribose together with decrease of protein aggregation. In conclusion; V. schimperi will be useful in management of diabetic complications based on its inhibition of advanced glycation endproduct formation
ABSTRACT
The present study aim to develop a promising anti-HIV-1 [anti-human immunodeficiency virus type-1] extract from medicinal plants available in Egypt. The inhibitory effects of 59 plants [water and methanol extracts] on HIV essential enzymes; protease [HIV-1 PR] and reverse transcriptase [HIV-1 RT Rnase H], and on MT4-cells infected with HIV were evaluated. HIV-1 PR inhibitory effect was quantitatively evaluated by HPLC [measuring the hydrolysate and remained substrate, His-Lys-Ala-Arg-Val-Leu-[pNO[2]-Phe]-Glu-Ala-NLe-Ser-NH[2].The HIV-1 RT Rnase H inhibitory effect was evaluated by measuring the degradation of [3]H-labeled RNA in a hybrid in the presence of the tested extract. The anti-HIV-1-induced cytopathic effect [CPE] was evaluated on MT-4 cells infected with HIV-1 [IC[100] was determined through an optical microscope and cell growth was examined to give the CC that reduces the viability of MT-4 cells]. Potent inhibitory effect on HIV-1 PR was demonstrated by the methanol extracts of the aerial parts of Calligonium comosum L'Herit, leaves of Chrysophyllum cainito L., Carissa carandas L., Eugenia rosea DC and Raeumaria hirtella Jaub. Et Spthe [IC[150] 3-10 micro g/ml]. Significant anti-HIV-1 induced CPE was demonstrated by two samples; the methanol and water extracts of the root of Chelidonium majus L. [IC[100]= 3.9 micro g/ml, similar to that of azidothymidine [AZT] followed by the methanol extract of the fruits of Berberis vulgaris L. [IC100= 7.81 micro/ml]. Promising plant extracts will be subjected to further investigation to isolate pure active natural compound [s]. Also, screening of other Egyptian medicinal plant extracts for anti- HIV-1 activity will be highly valuable
Subject(s)
HIV-1 , Plant ExtractsABSTRACT
[ +/- ] T-cadinol [1] and poliumoside [2] were isolated from the aerial parts of teucrium yemense based on bioactivity-guided isolation. [ +/- ] T-cadinol was isolated from n-hexane extract and found to have a weak activity against gram positive bacteria and fungi. Poliumoside [2] was isolated from the acetonitrile extract and showed a weaker activity against staphylococcus. Both compounds 1 and 2 were isolated for the first time from teucrium yemense. They were identified by spectral means [1H-, 13C-NMR, APT, DEPT, 1H-1H COSY and 1H 13 CHETCOR] and by comparison with the reported data. The hirtherto unreported 13C NMR assignment and complete 1H-NMR analysis of compound 1 are reported