ABSTRACT
Paratuberculosis (PTB) is caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) and is one of the most widespread and economically important diseases in cattle. After birth, calves are raised with natural breast feeding without separation from their mothers in most Korean native cattle (Hanwoo breed) farms. Vertical transmission of PTB has been reported, but the exact PTB infection route has not been revealed in Hanwoo farms. Calves of MAP seropositive dams were tested for MAP presence and MAP antibodies in feces and tissues. MAP was detected in calf tissues by using polymerase chain reaction. Expressions of genes reported to be prognostic biomarkers of MAP infection changed in both calves and cows (p < 0.05). Expression of two genes (HGF and SERPINE1) were significantly decreased in MAP-infected cattle and their offspring (p < 0.01). The results suggest that biomarker gene expression profiles can be useful in detecting early stage MAP infection. Based on the results, complete eradication of MAP may be possible if accurate diagnostic methods to detect infected calves are added to the current PTB eradication strategy, which, because infected individuals are likely to develop into fecal MAP shedders at any time, includes isolation of new born calves and feeding sterilized colostrum.
Subject(s)
Animals , Cattle , Humans , Agriculture , Antibodies , Asymptomatic Infections , Biomarkers , Breast Feeding , Colostrum , Feces , Mothers , Paratuberculosis , Parturition , Polymerase Chain Reaction , TranscriptomeABSTRACT
The most common metastatic sites of gastric cancer are liver, lung, bone and adrenal gland. However, skin metastases from gastric cancer are relatively rare. We herein report a case of advanced gastric cancer with perianal skin metastasis in a 70-year-old male. On admission, patient presented with epigastric pain. Endoscopy and abdominal CT scan demonstrated the stage IV gastric cancer. He had one painless nodule on perianal skin area, biopsy of that lesion showed a feature of poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma clinically from the stomach. We suspected that the perianal lesion was originated from gastric cancer.
Subject(s)
Aged , Humans , Male , Anal Canal , Neoplasm Staging , Skin Neoplasms/diagnosis , Stomach Neoplasms/diagnosisABSTRACT
Hyperplastic polyps occur either sporadically or as a symptom of polyposis syndrome. When individuals exceed 50 polyps, they are diagnosed with hyperplasic polyposis. Moreover, since such cases are even more sporadic than hyperplastic polyps, the course toward this occurrence has not been properly evaluated. A change to malignancy in hyperplastic polyps is rare; however, when multiple lesions are present, the tendency increases. Colorectal polyposis syndromes with gastric polyps include familial adenomatous polyposis, Gardners syndrome, Peutz-Jeghers syndrome, juvenile polyposis and others with a non-genetic origin. Three cases of multiple colorectal hyperplastic polyposis with gastric hyperplastic polyposis have been reported worldwide; however, a case associated with multiple colonic adenomas has not yet been reported. This study reviews the existing literature and reports our recent experience of a case, in which a 53 year-old man with colorectal and gastric hyperplastic polyposis with associated multiple colonic adenomas.
Subject(s)
Humans , Middle Aged , Adenoma , Adenomatous Polyposis Coli , Colon , Gardner Syndrome , Hyperplasia , Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome , PolypsABSTRACT
The stomach is the most frequently noted site (50~60%) of gastrointestinal stromal tumor. This tumor is categorized into three subtypes (the spindle cell type, the epithelioid type or mixed type) according to the shape of the cells that make up the tumor. We herein report on a case of gastrointestinal stromal tumor with an epithelioid subtype in a 60-year-old male. On admission, the patient presented with epigastric pain and melena. Endoscopy revealed a submucosal tumor with a central ulcer at the gastric body. Gastric wedge resection was performed. The tumor cells showed a rounded shape and positive staining for CD117. Because the epithelioid type gastrointestinal stromal tumor is unusual in Korea, we report here on this case along with a review of the relevant literature.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Endoscopy , Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors , Hemorrhage , Korea , Melena , Stomach , UlcerABSTRACT
The stomach is the most frequently noted site (50~60%) of gastrointestinal stromal tumor. This tumor is categorized into three subtypes (the spindle cell type, the epithelioid type or mixed type) according to the shape of the cells that make up the tumor. We herein report on a case of gastrointestinal stromal tumor with an epithelioid subtype in a 60-year-old male. On admission, the patient presented with epigastric pain and melena. Endoscopy revealed a submucosal tumor with a central ulcer at the gastric body. Gastric wedge resection was performed. The tumor cells showed a rounded shape and positive staining for CD117. Because the epithelioid type gastrointestinal stromal tumor is unusual in Korea, we report here on this case along with a review of the relevant literature.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Endoscopy , Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors , Hemorrhage , Korea , Melena , Stomach , UlcerABSTRACT
Capsule endoscopy is being increasingly used for investigating GI bleeding of an obscure origin and also the bleeding that's due to Crohn's disease. Capsule endoscopy is a safe procedure with few complications. Complications of capsule endoscopy are capsule retention, incomplete small bowel examination, swallowing disorders and technical complications. However, capsule retention still remains a major concern. Crohn's disease may rarely show its first manifestation as GI bleeding. We present here a case of obscure GI bleeding in which the diagnosis of isolated Crohn's enteritis was made by using wireless CE. The retained capsule at the jejunal stricture of Crohn's disease was successfully retrieved by performing double balloon enteroscopy.
Subject(s)
Capsule Endoscopy , Constriction, Pathologic , Crohn Disease , Deglutition Disorders , Diagnosis , Double-Balloon Enteroscopy , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage , Hemorrhage , MethodsABSTRACT
Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are the most common mesenchymal tumor of the gastrointestinal tract, and they represent about 2% of all neoplasms of the gastrointestinal tract. GISTs primarily affect the stomach (50~60%), but they can also affect the small intestine (20~30%), large intestine (7%) and esophagus (1%). The clinical manifestations of GISTs vary according to the location and size of the mass. GISTs are generally KIT (CD117)-positive and are diagnosed by immunohistochemistry. Tumor size and mitotic activity are the best predictive prognostic features. The treatment of choice for primary GIST is complete surgical resection with a negative margin. A 78-year-old man who presented with melena and diffuse abdominal pain was admitted to our hospital. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy, colonoscopy, angiography and an RBC scan were performed but we were unable to locate the focus of the hemorrhage. A gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) of the jejunum was diagnosed after laparotomy.
Subject(s)
Aged , Humans , Abdominal Pain , Angiography , Colonoscopy , Endoscopy, Digestive System , Esophagus , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage , Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors , Gastrointestinal Tract , Hemorrhage , Immunohistochemistry , Intestine, Large , Intestine, Small , Jejunum , Laparotomy , Melena , StomachABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Thyroid ultrasonography can accurately detect nonpalpable nodules, estimate the size of the nodule during follow-up, and discriminate between solid nodules and simple cysts. Many studies have recently been done to detect malignant thyroid nodules by high-resolution ultrasonography. However, the exact role of high-resolution ultrasonography in distinguishing benign from malignant nodules is still unresolved. We analyzed the sonographic characteristics of thyroid nodules and assessed the diagnostic value of ultrasonography. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the sonographic feature of thyroid nodules in patients who had been examined with fine-needle aspiration cytology or had surgery for a thyroid nodule at St. Mary's Hospital, Korea from January 2003 to January 2005. Sonographic features that suggested malignancy include microcalcifications, an irregular or microlobulated margin, marked hypoechogenicity, and a shape that was more tall than it was wide. If even one of these sonographic features was present, the nodule was classified as category 3 (malignant). If a nodule had none of the features described, it was classified as category 2 (benign). Anechogenic cystic nodule was classified as category 1 (benign). RESULTS: Of 124 lesions classified as category 3, 60 were malignant. Of 418 lesions classified as category 1 or 2, 409 was benign. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and diagnostic accuracy based on sonographic classification method were 90%, 86.5%, 48.4%, 97.8%, 86.5%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Our results identified sonographic classification with calcification, margin, echogenicity and shape as useful tool in the differentiation of malignant from benign nodule. In view of the high value of negative predictive value of sonographic classification, a more aggressive approach is recommended only for nodules with category 3.
Subject(s)
Humans , Biopsy, Fine-Needle , Classification , Korea , Retrospective Studies , Sensitivity and Specificity , Thyroid Gland , Thyroid Nodule , UltrasonographyABSTRACT
An 81-year-old man underwent bronchoscopy to investigate the cause of his dyspnea symptoms. A benign natured mass was observed in the bronchus and was excised. The pathology examination revealed a fibroepithelial polyp. He has been asymptomatic since the simple bronchoscopic excision. A fibroepithelial polyp is a benign tumor with a mesodermal origin. It is commonly found in the skin, urogenital area and chest, but is extremely rare in the respiratory system. We report a case of a fibroepithelial polyp in the bronchus, which was treated with a bronchoscopic excision, with a brief review of the relevant literature.
Subject(s)
Aged, 80 and over , Humans , Bronchi , Bronchoscopy , Dyspnea , Mesoderm , Pathology , Polyps , Respiratory System , Skin , ThoraxABSTRACT
There has been a number of reports recently describing the pathogen potential of irregular asporogenous gram positive rods (IGPR), also referred as coryneforms or diphtheroids. This may be due to a greater number of opportunistic infections occurring in patients who are immunosuppressed or implanted with prostheses. The documentation of endocarditis caused by IGPR is difficult. Because all the result of culture is not always positive and these cultures need long-period incubation, and there are sometimes pseudo-positive cases due to the contamination in blood sampling. An early diagnosis and adequate treatment are important for the better result. We describe the case of bio prosthetic valve endocarditis in a 61-year-old woman who enduring chronic hemodialysis. This is the first case reported of bioprosthetic valve endocarditis by Corynebacterium in Korea.