Classification of rhinoplasties performed in an otorhinolaryngology referral center in Brazil / Classificação das rinoplastias realizadas em um centro de referência em otorrinolaringologia no Brasil

Introduction: Facial plastic and reconstructive surgery involves the use of surgical procedures to achieve esthetic and functional improvement. It can be used for traumatic, congenital, or developmental injuries. Medicine, with an emphasis on facial plastic surgery, has made progress in several areas, including rhinoplasty, providing good long-term results and higher patient satisfaction. Objective: To evaluate cases of rhinoplasty and its subtypes in a referral center, and to understand the relevance of teaching rhinoplasty techniques in a service of otolaryngology residency. Methods: A retrospective study that assessed 325 rhinoplasties performed by third-year medical residents under the supervision of chief residents in charge of the Service of Facial Plastic Surgery in this hospital was conducted from January of 2003 to August of 2012. The Service Protocol included the following subtypes: functional, esthetic, post-traumatic, revision, and reconstructive rhinoseptoplasty. Results: Of the rhinoplasties performed 184 (56.21%) were functional, 59 (18.15%) were post-traumatic, 27 were (8.30%) esthetic, 15 were (4.61%) reconstructive, and 40 (12.30%) were revision procedures. Conclusion: Functional rhinoseptoplasties were the most prevalent type, which highlights the relevance of teaching surgical techniques, not only for septoplasty, but also the inclusion of rhinoplasty techniques in teaching centers. .

Introdução: A cirurgia estética e reconstrutora têm por objetivo a utilizacão de procedimentos cirúrgicos para alcancar melhora estética e funcional. Pode ser utilizada para lesões traumáticas, congénitas ou de desenvolvimento. A Medicina, com ênfase na plástica facial, obteve avancos nas mais diversas áreas, inclusive na rinoplastia, permitindo bons resultados a longo prazo e maior satisfacão dos pacientes. Objetivo: Avaliar a casuística do setor de rinoplastia e suas subdivisões em um centro de referência. Compreender a relevância do ensino das técnicas de rinoplastia em um servico de residência médica de otorrinolaringologia. Método: Estudo retrospectivo onde foram analisados 325 rinoplastias, realizadas por médicos residentes do terceiro ano com supervisão dos preceptores responsáveis pelo servico de Cirurgia Plástica da Face desse hospital, no período de janeiro de 2003 a agosto de 2012. O protocolo do serviço foi preenchido com enfoque nas seguintes subdivisões: rinosseptoplastia funcional, estética, pós-traumática, revisional e reconstrutora. Resultados: Das rinoplastias realizadas, 184 (56,21%) foram funcionais, 59 (18,15%) póstraumáticas, 27 (8,30%) estéticas, 15 (4,61%) reconstrutoras e 40 (12,30%) revisionais. Conclusão: As rinosseptoplastias funcionais foram as mais prevalentes, o que mostra a importância do ensino, não somente das técnicas de septoplastias, mas também, da inclusão do aprendizado de técnicas de rinoplastias em centros de ensino. .

Sudden Hemianopsia Secondary to Ethmoid Sinus Mucocele

Paranasal sinus mucoceles are benign cystic lesions, filled with mucus, occurring due to an obstruction of involved sinus ostium. They are indolent, locally expansive, and destructive. Surgical treatment must be performed and, when done at the correct time, may prevent sequelae. We present a case of ethmoid sinus mucocele with orbit involvement and permanent optical nerve injury...

Clinical presentation and renal evaluation of human visceral leishmaniasis (kala-azar): a retrospective study of 57 patients in Brazil

Visceral leishmaniasis is an endemic disease caused by various species of Leishmania. We made a retrospective study of 57 consecutive patients with visceral leishmaniasis in Brazil. Patients with visceral leishmaniasis were identified using the registries of the São José Infectious Diseases Hospital. The sample was divided into two groups: patients with serum creatinine (Scr) <1.3mg/dL and Scr > 1.3mg/dL. We compared these two groups for differences in clinical manifestations and laboratory features. Patients' mean age was 28 ± 18 years old; 74 percent were male. The main clinical symptoms and signs presented in the initial evaluation were: fever (97 percent), splenomegaly (96.4 percent), weight loss (95.5 percent), pallor (93.6 percent), cough (89.7 percent), hepatomegaly (87.2 percent), asthenia (83.3 percent), anorexia (82.9 percent) and vomiting (73.9 percent). Acute renal failure was found in 15 patients (26.3 percent) and eight of these patients had ARF before amphotericin B administration. The mean age was higher in the group with Scr > 1.3mg/dL. Death occurred in three cases; all deaths occurred with Scr > 1.3mg/dL. There were no significant differences in the frequencies of the clinical symptoms and signs between the two groups. The laboratory data and demographic characteristics were significantly worse in the Scr > 1.3mg/dL group. Renal dysfunction is an important feature of this disease; it is associated with important morbidity and can increase mortality.